Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Globalisation The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters Assam Board HS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Globalisation and select needs one.
Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Globalisation
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Q. 1. Explain the increase and decrease in the role of state activities in developing countries due to globalisation.
Ans : It is argued that globalisation affects the role of the state in the developing countries i.e. the ability of the government to do what it wants when a country is engaged in the business activities of other countries its government makes agreements with respect to those countries separately international organisation like World Trade Organisation frame rules and regulation for all the countries and the governments have to enforce this rule and regulations in their respective countries.
Many a times they are compelled to do away with certain rules and regulation that safeguard the rights and working conditions of the working people to stop it is maintained there in place of old welfare state, it is the market that, becomes the prime determinant of economic and social priorities. The entry of multinational companies in a company reduces the capacity of government to take decisions on their own.
It is however, to be noticed that globalisation does not always reduce the capacity of the state. The state in the developing countries continues to perform is essential functions like the maintenance of law and order and national security. Thus, states continue to be important and play a vital role in the light of globalisation event in developing countries. Besides with advanced Technologies available at the disposal of the state to collect information about citizens by state is able to rule in a better way to stop as a result rules become more powerful than they Where are there is a result of the outcome of new technology.
Q. 2. ‘Globalisation affects us in our home in what we eat, drink, wear and indeed what we think.’ Point out the cultural consequences of globalisation.
Ans : The consequences also touched the cultural life of the people. It has affected people’s domestic life, food, drink, dress and ideas all over the world. But the cultural effect of globalisation leads to the fear that this process poses a threat to cultures in in the world. It does so, because globalisation least to the rise of a uniform culture is not the emergence of a homogenisation. The rise of a uniform culture is not the emergence of a global culture. In reality it is the imposition of the Western culture on the rest of the world.
US hegemony can be seen in various cultures at the moment. For example we can cite the example of the gene culture for the usage of fast foods like burger extra to show the powerful influence of American culture. Thus, the culture of politically and economically dominant countries leaves its mark on weaker countries to such an extent that the world begins to look more a kin to the wishes of dominant power. The Mcdonaldization the world is a good instance to show the growing effect of American culture, which can be proved as dangerous for Poor countries and the whole humanity as it leads to the shrinking of rich culture heritage or around the globe.
But, however it doesn’t mean that cultural effects of globalisation are only negative. Culture is a dynamic concept. All culture as get some outside influences. Some of these external influences may be negative as they limit our choices. At times however, this external influences even and larger our choice and modify our culture without over overwhelming the entire traditional
1. Food choice have only been enhanced. Likewise genes can even be worn with a Khadi kurta. This is a unique combination of an outside and traditional culture.
Q. 3. What are the political, economic and cultural effects of globalisation ?
Ans : Globalisation is a multi-dimensional concept.
(i) It has political economic and cultural manifestations and these must be adequately distinguished.
(ii) Globalisation is regarded as a multidimensional concept, in which it is a process, where the earth is regarded as a ‘global village’.
(iii) The consequence of contemporary process of globalisation relates to its ongoing political impact. At the most simple level globalisation results in an erosion of state capacity that is the ability of government to do what they do.
(iv) Globalisation has indeed affected the political scenario, as the concept of the state, as a welfare state has declined, and has transformed more as a minimalist state.
(v) The economic face of the world has a linked with globalisation. Economic globalisation has an important role in shaping the world politics. Economic globalisation is closely linked with international Institutions like IMF and World Bank. Thus, economic globalisation, normally deals with grade economic flows between different countries of the world.
(vi) The consequences of globalisation are not confined only to the sphere of politics and economics. Globalisation also influences our lifestyles, pattern of Idea, dressing and food habits. It has affected people’s preferences leading to the fear that it returns world cultures.
The cultural effect of globalisation leads to the fear that this process poses a threat to all cultures, since, it leads to a rise of a uniform culture, or the domination of western culture, known as ‘cultural homogenisation’. Similarly, cultural homogenisation, also has contrary effect. It makes each culture more distinctive and unique known as ‘cultural heterogenization’.
Q. 4. What is worldwide interconnectedness ? What are its components ?
Ans : Modern age is an age of interdependence, people and states are interdependent. People feel, that they cannot live in isolation, rather they have to live as interconnected. People living in different parts of the world feel that they are not members of the different nations, but member of a world community, it is globalisation. In simple words worldwide interconnectedness means the flow or movement of Idea, capital, commodities and people from one part of the world to another. It’s components are ideas, capital, commodities and people. The basic components of World Wide Interconnectedness the three types of flows :
Trade Flow of goods, Labour Flow, Capital Flow.
(i) Trade Flow Of Goods :- This includes exchange of goods at long and short distance example India’s trade with rest of the world.
(ii) Labour flow :- Labour Flow includes the Migration of people for employment in the industrial countries which actively create conditions favourable for employment and services.
(iii) Capital Flow :- This signifies movement of resources from one country to another through loans for business Investments.
In this way, worldwide interconnectedness includes ideas moving from one part of the world to another, capital shunted between two or more places, commodities being traded across borders and people moving in search of better livelihood to different part of the world.
Q. 5. Write the features of globalisation ?
Ans : The important features of globalisation are :
(i) Rapid expansion of international trade :- Globalisation also involve the free flow of trade across the globe. That WTO is an example of or expansion of trade across countries. WTO’s purpose is to enlarge production and trade of services to ensure optimum utilisation of world resources and to facilitate international trade.
(ii) Growing importance of MNCs :- The MNCs or the Multinational Corporation are particularly important for understanding globalisation. The MNCs produce market services, in countries other than their own for enhancing their profit and oriented to the Global market.
(iii) Increase in capital transfer across National borders :- Flow of capital across the globe increases economic cooperation among nations; the flow takes place through the exchange of capital which is turn leads to the exchange of people, commodities and ideas. Thus, investor can invest their money in other countries than their own. This would help them build better results especially by investing in developing countries.
(iv) Globalisation of technology :- Globalisation has led to the increase of technological inventions which has made easier for interconnectedness with the globe. The inventions of the Telegraph, the telephone and the microchip in more recent times has revolutionized communication between different parts of the world.
Q. 6. Examine the responsible factors for the emergence of the process globalisation ?
Ans : Factors for the emergence of the process of globalisation are :
(i) Revolution in information technology and electronic media.
(ii) Development in the fields of science and technology.
(iii) Advances in the field of transport and communication.
(iv) Growth of Multinational company.
(v) Efforts of the developed Nations Nations.
Q. 7. Do you agree with the argument that globalisation leads to cultural heterogeneity ?
Ans : Cultural diversity is a Universal phenomenon. Each society has its own culture. One culture different from another culture. One culture does not have all the similarities of another culture. I fully agree with the view that globalisation leads to cultural heterogeneity. No culture would disappear due to globalisation. In fact, globalisation list to each culture becoming more different and distinctive post of this phenomenon is called cultural heterogenization.
Q. 8. Critically evaluate the impact of changing role of the state in the developing countries in the light of globalisation ?
Ans : It is argued that globalisation affects the role of the state in the developing countries i.e. the ability of the government to do what it wants when a country is engaged in the business activities of other countries its government makes agreements with respect to those countries separately international organisation like World Trade Organisation frame rules and regulation for all the countries and the governments have to enforce this rule and regulations in their respective countries.
Many a times they are compelled to do away with certain rules and regulation that safeguard the rights and working conditions of the working people to stop it is maintained there in place of old welfare state, it is the market that, becomes the prime determinant of economic and social priorities. The entry of multinational companies in a company reduces the capacity of government to take decisions on their own. It is however, to be noticed that globalisation does not always reduce the capacity of the state.
The state in the developing countries continues to perform is essential functions like the maintenance of law and order and national security. Thus, states continue to be important and play a vital role in the light of globalisation event in developing countries. Besides with advanced Technologies available at the disposal of the state to collect information about citizens by state is able to rule in a better way to stop as a result rules become more powerful than they Where are there is a result of the outcome of new technology.
Q. 9. How does globalisation reduces, the state capacity to govern ?
Ans : Globalisation results in an erosion of state capacity that is, the ability of government to do what they do. All over the world, the old ‘welfare state’ is not giving way to a more Minimalist state that performs certain care functions suggest the maintenance of law and order in the security of its citizens. The entry and the increased role of Multinational Companies all over the world leads to A reduction in the capacity of governments to decision on their own.
Q. 10. What does liberalisation lead to ?
Ans : Liberalization leads to freedom of trade and commerce and investment. It leads to elimination of government control and regulation over the economy. It leads to removing all trade barriers and also leads to privatization.
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globalisation and its consequences for project