NIOS Class 12 Home Science Chapter 14 Energy Conservation

NIOS Class 12 Home Science Chapter 14 Energy Conservation Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Home Science Chapter 14 Energy Conservation and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Home Science Chapter 14 Energy Conservation Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Home Science Notes Paper 321.

NIOS Class 12 Home Science Chapter 14 Energy Conservation

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Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Home Science Chapter 14 Energy Conservation, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Home Science Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Energy Conservation

Chapter: 14

MODULE – III: RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

TEXTUAL QUESTIONS

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.1

Q. 1. Tick mark the sources of energy from the list given below:

(i) Petrol.

(ii) LPG.

(iii) Turpentine oil.

(iv) Kerosene oil.

(v) Engine oil.

(vi) Pond water.

(vii) Tap water.

(viii) River water.

(ix) Sunlight.

(x) Charcoal.

Ans: (i) Petrol.

(ii) LPG.

(iv) Pond water.

(viii) River water.

(ix) Sunlight.

(x) Charcoal.

Q. 2. State whether the following statements are true or false and correct the false statements:

(i) Electricity can be produced with the help of pond water.

Ans: False. River water is needed. 

(ii) Wind is caused due to change in air pressure.

Ans: False. Winds are caused due to change in air temperature

(iii) Geothermal energy was initially solar energy.

Ans: True 

(iv) Wood, coal and oil are natural fuels.

Ans: True

(v) Electricity can only be produced from water, steam, coal and oil.

Ans: False. Nuclear fuels and hydrothermal energy can also be used.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.2

Q.1. From the list given below, separate the renewable sources of energy from non-renewable sources by marking R and NR respectively.

(i) Sunlight.

(ii) Petroleum.

(iii) Steam.

(iv) Charcoal.

(v) Water.

(vi) Diesel.

(vii) Wood.

(viii) Kerosene.

(ix) Nuclear fuel.

(x) Electricity.

(xi) LPG.

(xii) Wind.

Ans: R:

(i) Sunlight. 

(v) Water.

(xii) Wind.

NR:

(ii) Petroleum.

(iii) Steam.

(iv) Charcoal.

(vi) Diesel.

(vii) Wood.

(viii) Kerosene.

(ix) Nuclear fuel.

(x) Electricity.

(xi) LPG.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.3 

Q. 1. Match column A with column B:

Ans: 

Q. 2. List four factors which contribute in creating a gap between the demand and supply of energy today.

Ans: Increasing energy demand, gloabl climate change and constrained energy supplies are likely to effect how energy demands will influence us in the future. Worldwide demand for energy is expected to triple within the next three to four decades. Given the environmental, economic and security consequences that come with our fossil fuel dependence, we have no choice but to embrace renewable energy sources.

Most commonly used conventional sources of energy in the industrialised world. These include hydel power, thermal power, nuclear power and energy from fossil fuels. Availability of natural resources plays a major role in deciding the type of infrastructure that needs to be put in place so the energy demands of the people are met adequately. For example, geographic factors such as the existence of mountains and rivers in a particular place may cause the people to build dams and hydel power plants. Elsewhere, where coal is available in plenty, people may build thermal plants. Where nuclear fuels such as uranium and plutonium are available and the technological know-how to build nuclear reactors exists, the people may well be in favour of nuclear power. Simple economics determines what one does in order to balance the scales of supply demand. Models of hydel, thermal and nuclear power plants were constructed.

In recent years one has seen the rapid increase in the consumption of petrol and diesel, essential for automobiles, locomotives, aircraft and other carriers such as ships. On the one hand these are available in plenty and can be easily tapped using modern technology. On the other, they pollute our environment and spoil the ecosystem, leading to toxicity in the food we eat, the water we drink and the air we breathe.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.4

Q. 1. Fill in the blanks:

(i) ___________ are more energy-efficient than bulbs.

Ans: Tube lights.

(ii) ___________ chokes consume one-third energy as compared to traditional chokes. 

Ans: Electronic.

(iii) ___________ coloured walls help in reducing the lighting requirement of a room.

Ans: Light.

(iv) More power is consumed by ___________ refrigerators.

Ans: Oversized.

(v) Energy saving is guaranteed by using products bearing ___________ the mark. 

Ans: ISI.

Q. 2. State whether the following statements are true or false and correct the false statements:

(i) Wood stoves are very heat efficient.

Ans: False. Wood stoves are not heat efficient.

(ii) Cookers which work on solar energy save a lot of fuel.

Ans: True.

(iii) Sandwich bottom pans take a long time to heat.

Ans: False. They heat up very fast.

(iv) Small burners are suitable for small vessels. 

Ans: True.

(v) Food should be eaten as soon as it is cooked to avoid reheating.

Ans: True.

(vi) Driving in the correct gear increases work efficiency by 50%. 

Ans: True.

(vii) Wear and tear of engines depends upon the state of the air filter. 

Ans: True.

(viii) Computers should not be switched off during the day.

Ans: False, should be switched off when not in use.

(ix) Wastage of energy in the office does not affect you personally.

Ans: False. It does affect you personally.

(x) Street lights need light sensitive switches. 

Ans: True.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.5

Q. 1. List at least four advantages of using non-conventional sources of energy.

Ans: 1. Non-conventional sources of energy will always be available in nature and are renewable.

2. There are some rather non-conventional ways of tapping energy from the elements that did not produce harmful side effects. Energy from wind, solar radiation, biogas or biomass, water, geo-thermal sources, ocean-thermal sources, tides and waves for example.

3. The environmental consequences of energy production have led many nations in the world to impose stricter guidelines on the production and consumpition of energy.

4. Renewable energy projects generate revenues, property taxes, land lease fees and stable, long-term, good-paying jobs that help to stimulate the local economy and contribute to the economic base.

Q. 2. Name the chief constituent of biogas.

Ans: Methane.

Q. 3. List two uses of biogas.

Ans: Cooking, lighting, pumping water, running motors. 

Q. 4. Name the device used to transform daylight to electrical energy.

Ans: Solar cells.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 14.6

Q. 1. What is the difference between a big hydro-electric project and micro hydel project?

Ans: Hydropower: Energy that comes from moving water. Micro hydro is usually the application of hydroelectric power sized for small communities, single families or small enterprise.

Q. 2. List five benefits of setting up a micro hydel project.

Ans: Small scale hydro or micro-hydro power has been increasingly used as an alternative energy source, especially in remote areas where other power sources are not viable. They are often used in water rich areas as a Remote Area Power Supply. The installation is often just a small dammed pool, at the top of a waterfall, with several hundred feet of pipe leading to small generator housing. Most small scale hydro power systems make no use of a dam or major water diversion, but rather use water wheels.

Q. 3. State the advantages of using non- conventional sources of energy.

Ans: The six main non-conventional sources of energy, are, solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy, tidal energy and hydro power. These energy sources are renewable and offer less polluting alternatives. At the present rate of production and consumption, our oil reserves may hardly last for another 20-30 years. We need to depend on non-conventional sources of energy, such as solar energy, wild, geothermal energy, etc. Non-conventional sources are use and throw type resources. Communities that develop and own local renewable energy projects enjoy better air and water quality.

TERMINAL QUESTIONS

Q. 1. Explain with examples what you understand by the term ‘energy’. 

Ans: Energy comes in different forms-heat (thermal), light (radiant), mechanical, electrical, chemical and nuclear energy. Energy is in everything. There are two types of energy- stored (potential) energy and working (kinetic) energy. For example, the food you eat contains chemical energy and your body stores this energy until you release it when you work or play. “Energy is the ability to do work or the ability to move an object. People have learned how to change energy from one form to another so that we can do work more easily and live more comfortably.

Q. 2. Give two examples each of renewable and non-renewable sources of energy in your locality.

Ans: Renewable energy sources include solar energy, which comes from the sun and can be turned into electricity and heat. Wind, geothermal energy from inside the earth, biomass from plants and hydropower and ocean energy from water are also renewable sources. We get most of our energy from non-renewable energy sources, which include the fossil fuels – oil, natural gas and coal. energy

Q. 3. List five suggestions you would give a housewife to conserve energy in her home.

Ans: All of us use energy everyday – for transportation, cooking, heating and cooling rooms, manufacturing, lighting and entertainment. There are many things we can do to use less energy and use it more wisely. Two main ways to save energy are energy conservation and energy efficiency. Energy conservation is any behaviour that results in the use of less energy. Turning the lights off when you leave the room. Energy efficiency is the use of technology that requires less energy to perform the same function. A compact fluorescent light bulb that uses less energy than an incandescent bulb to produce the same amount of light is an example of energy efficiency.