NIOS Class 10 Logistics & Supply Chain Management Chapter 1 Logistic Management an Introduction Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NIOS Class 10 Logistics & Supply Chain Management Chapter 1 Logistic Management an Introduction and select need one. NIOS Class 10 Logistics & Supply Chain Management Chapter 1 Logistic Management an Introduction Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 10 Logistics & Supply Chain Management Notes Paper 258.
NIOS Class 10 Logistics & Supply Chain Management Chapter 1 Logistic Management an Introduction
Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 10 Logistics & Supply Chain Management Chapter 1 Logistic Management an Introduction, NIOS Secondary Course Logistics & Supply Chain Management Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Logistic Management an Introduction
Chapter: 1
INTEXT QUESTION 1.1
1. Logistics business concept evolved during the __________.
(A) 1950s.
(B) 1960s..
(C) 1970s.
(D) 1980s.
Ans: (A) 1950s.
2. __________ comprises activities such as market research, requirements planning, supplier management, make-or-buy decisions, ordering, and order controlling.
(A) Production logistics.
(B) Reverse logistics.
(C) Disposal logistics.
(D) Procurement logistics.
Ans: (D) Procurement logistics.
3. __________ has, as major tasks, the delivery of the finished products to the end user.
(A) Production logistics.
(B) Reverse logistics.
(C) Disposal logistics.
(D) Distribution logistics.
Ans: (D) Distribution logistics.
4. __________ links procurement to distribution logistics.
(A) Production logistics.
(B) Reverse logistics.
(C) Disposal logistics.
(E) Procurement logistics.
Ans: (A) Production logistics.
5. __________ includes any form of outsourcing of logistics activities earlier performed in house.
(A) 2PL.
(B) 3PL.
(C) 4PL.
(D) 5PL.
Ans: (B) 3PL.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.2
1. __________ establishes better delivery mechanisms for goods and services in demand without delay.
Ans: Supply Chain Management.
2. __________ improvises business functions and productivity.
Ans: Supply Chain.
3. Supply Chain improves inventory management, supporting the successful implementation of __________ stock models.
Ans: Just-in-Time.
4. Supply Chain creates better __________ relationship and service.
Ans: Customer.
5. __________ supports in accomplishing shipping of the right products to the right place at the right time.
Ans: Supply Chain.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.3
1. Every company strives to match __________ with demand in a timely manner with the most effective use of resources.
Ans: Supply.
2. Supply chain management focuses on contributing to the __________ success of an organisation.
Ans: Economic.
3. Almost all aspects of modern-day life rely on the world’s talent __________.
Ans: Logisticians.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.4.
1. __________ links essential components of the supply chain from a merchandiser’s origin point to its consumption point.
Ans: Global Logistics.
2. Global logistics is __________.
(A) Art.
(B) Science.
(C) Both Arts and Science.
Ans: (C) Both Arts and Science.
3. Global logistics will play a crucial role in the world _______.
Ans: Economy.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.5
1. Global supply chains are systems that cross several continents and countries or the purpose of __________ the goods and services.
(A) Supplying.
(B) Sourcing.
(C) Both Supplying and Sourcing.
Ans: (C) both Supplying and Sourcing.
2. A global supply chain uses __________ country sourcing.
Ans: Low-cost.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.6
1. Logistics can be defined as “having the right ______ in the right __________, in the right __________, at the rig__________, in the right __________ and at the righ______. for the right __________”.
Ans: Things, place, quantity, time, condition, price, customer.
2. __________ is an effective tool broadly used by businesses these days which deal with all issues related to the purchasing of materials, their handling and movement all along the supply chain.
Ans: Logistics Management.
3. Logistics Management is merely the movement of items in between the point of __________ and final __________ point.
Ans: Source and Consumption.
4. The process of logistics starts right from the moment when __________ are purchased by the company.
Ans: Raw Materials.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.7.
1. Continuity of workflow is a powerful tool in helping companies reduce __________ and improve ______ satisfaction.
Ans: Expenses and Customer.
2. The increase in overall customer satisfaction will help popularise the brand by ___________ in a quick way.
Ans: Word of Mouth.
3. By removing many intermediary links in the supply chain, we can reduce the net cost of a __________ and thus increase.
Ans: Service or product.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.8
1. __________ is the most valuable asset for a company.
(A) Supplier.
(B) Dealer.
(C) Consumer.
(D) Investor.
Ans: (C) Consumer.
2. It is important for a company to have a strong understanding of what the _______ demands and to keep up to the expectations of _______.
Ans: Consumer and Consumers.
3. The company must have a clear assessment or understanding of company’s __________ direction.
Ans: Strategic.
4. The management must keep changing the strategies in accord with the change in the __________.
Ans: Market.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.9
1. Which of the following is not an internal issue?
(A) Third party networks.
(B) Changes in management and organisation style.
(C) Customer service and quality.
(D) Technology.
Ans: (D) Technology.
2. Which of the following is not an external issue?
(A) Technology.
(B) Customer service and quality.
(C) Challenging nature of the workforce.
(D) Environmental concerns.
Ans: (B) Customer service and quality.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.10
1. Aim of Logistics management is to increase the overall __________ of organisation.
Ans: Efficiency.
2. Process of logistics management emphases on providing on-time delivery to __________ for building their level of confidence.
Ans: Consumers.
3. Damaged products increase the logistics expenses and have adverse effects on __________.
Ans: Profitability.
4. Companies by applying the latest technology in information processing systems can improve their capability in _________.
Ans: Decision making.
5. Maintaining optimal inventory is mandatory for smooth functioning of __________.
Ans: Business.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 1.11
1. Supply chain management includes __________ and thus achieves end-to-end optimization.
Ans: Logistics.
2. Put it in order.
Manufacturer – Supplier – Shopper – Retailer – Distributor.
Ans: Supplier – Manufacturer – Distributor – Retailer – Shopper.
| TERMINAL EXERCISE |
1. Define Logistics. List out different forms of logistics.
Ans: Logistics is the process of planning, implementing, and controlling the efficient flow and storage of goods, services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of consumption in order to meet customer requirements. It involves the coordination of various activities such as transportation, warehousing, inventory management, packaging, and often includes aspects of procurement and supply chain management. The goal of logistics is to ensure that the right product is delivered to the right place at the right time, while minimising costs and maximising efficiency.
(i) Production Logistics: It links procurement to distribution logistics. Its primary function is to use available production capacities to produce the products needed in distribution logistics. Production logistics activities are associated with organisational concepts, layout planning, production planning, and control.
(ii) Distribution Logistics: It has, as major tasks, the delivery of the finished products to the end user. It involves order processing, warehousing, and transportation. Distribution logistics is necessary because the place, time, and quantity of production differ with the place, time, and quantity of consumption.
(iii) Distribution Logistics: It has, as major tasks, the delivery of the finished products to the end user. It involves order processing, warehousing, and transportation. Distribution logistics is necessary because the place, time, and quantity of production differ with the place, time, and quantity of consumption.
(iv) Reverse Logistics: It implies all those operations related to the reuse of materials and products. The reverse logistics process includes the management and the sale of surpluses, as well as products being returned to vendors from buyers.
(v) Military Logistics: In military science, maintaining one’s supply lines while disrupting those of the enemy is a vital, some would say the most critical element of military strategy, since an armed force without transportation and resources is defenceless.
(vi) Business Logistics: A forklift stacking a logistics provider’s warehouse of goods on pallets. One definition of business logistics speaks of “getting the right thing in the right
quantity at the right time at the right place in the right price in the right condition to the right customer”. As the science of process, business logistics integrates all industry sectors. Logistics work intends to manage the fulfilment of supply chain, project life cycles, and resultant efficiencies.
(vii) Production Logistics: The term production logistics illustrates logistic processes within an industry Production logistics intends to ensure that every machine and workstation receives the right product in the right quality and quantity at the right time.
(viii) Logistics Management: Logistics is that segment of the supply chain that plans, executes, and controls the efficient, effective forward and reverse flow and storage of goods, services, and associated information between the origin point and the consumption point in order to meet customer and legal requirements.
2. “Supply chain management plays a very significant role in delivering quality products to customers”. Explain the advantages of SCM in the light of the statement.
Ans: Supply chain management (SCM) indeed plays a crucial role in delivering quality products to customers. Here are several advantages of SCM in light of this statement:
(i) Improved Quality Control: SCM involves the oversight and coordination of various processes, including sourcing raw materials, production, and distribution. By implementing quality control measures at each stage of the supply chain, companies can ensure that only high-quality inputs are used, leading to the production of superior products that meet or exceed customer expectations.
(ii) Enhanced Visibility and Transparency: One of the primary benefits of enhancing visibility and transparency in the supply chain is that it helps companies to identify potential bottlenecks and inefficiencies. By having a clear view of their entire supply chain, companies can quickly identify areas that need improvement and take corrective action.
(iii) Efficient Inventory Management: SCM helps optimise inventory levels by ensuring the right quantity of raw materials and finished goods is available at the right time and in the right location. By minimising excess inventory and reducing the risk of stockouts, companies can prevent quality-related issues such as product spoilage, obsolescence, or damage, ultimately leading to improved product quality and customer satisfaction.
(iv) Continuous Improvement: SCM encourages a culture of continuous improvement within the supply chain, where companies strive to optimise processes, reduce waste, and enhance efficiency. Through ongoing monitoring, analysis, and feedback mechanisms, companies can identify areas for improvement and implement corrective actions to enhance product quality and customer satisfaction over time.
(v) Streamlining your supply chain means optimising these processes to make them more efficient, cost-effective and responsive to customer needs. This can help you reduce waste, improve quality control and increase profits.
3. “Goals of supply chain management contribute to attain economic success of an organisation”. How?
Ans: The goals of supply chain management (SCM) are closely aligned with achieving economic success for an organisation.
(i) Supply chain partners perform collaboratively at various levels to capitalise on resource productivity, build standardised processes, eliminate duplicate efforts, and reduce inventory levels.
(ii) Minimising supply chain expenses is very important, specifically when there are financial uncertainties in firms concerning their wish to conserve capital.
(iii) Cheap and cost-efficient products are necessary, but supply chain managers have to focus on value creation for their consumers.
(iv) Exceeding the consumers’ expectations on a consistent basis is the best way to satisfy them.
(v) To meet customer expectations, traders need to leverage inventory as a combined resource and utilise the dispersed order management technology to carry out orders from the bestnode in the supply chain.
4. What is meant by global logistics and global supply chain?
Ans: Supply chain management is a way to link major business processes within and across companies into a high – performance business model that drives competitive advantage. Logistics refers to the movement, storage, and flow of goods, services and information inside and outside the organisation.
A global supply chain refers to the interconnected network of organisations, resources, activities, and technologies involved in the production, procurement, transformation, and distribution of goods and services on a global scale. It encompasses all stages of the supply chain, from raw material sourcing to final product delivery, and involves numerous stakeholders across different countries and regions.
5. “Role of logistics is an essential aspect of the entire functioning of supply chain management of an organisation”. Justify the statement”.
Ans: The role of logistics is indeed fundamental to the entire functioning of supply chain management (SCM) within an organisation.
Here’s a justification of this statement:
(i) Efficient Movement of Goods: At the heart of logistics lies transportation management, where the art of optimising and executing the movement of goods takes centre stage. By meticulously planning routes, optimising shipment loads, and managing carriers, logistics professionals ensure that goods reach their destinations seamlessly. Without efficient logistics operations, the flow of goods within the supply chain would be disrupted, leading to delays, stockouts, and increased costs.
(ii) Cost reduction is the process of decreasing a company’s expenses to maximise profits. It involves identifying and removing expenditures that do not provide added value to customers while also optimising processes to improve efficiency. Cost reduction typically focuses on generating short-term savings.
(iii) Inventory Management: Logistics plays a crucial role in managing inventory levels throughout the supply chain. By optimising transportation, warehousing, and distribution processes, logistics helps ensure that the right quantity of goods is available at the right time and in the right location. Effective inventory management minimises excess inventory holding costs while avoiding stockouts, thereby enhancing overall supply.
(iv) Risk Management: Risk management is the continuing process to identify, analyse, evaluate, and treat loss exposures and monitor risk control and financial resources to mitigate the adverse effects of loss. Loss may result from the following: financial risks such as cost of claims and liability judgments.
(v) Information Management: Information management is an emerging field that is concerned with: The infrastructure used to collect, manage, preserve, store and deliver information.
(vi) Strategic Alignment: Strategic alignment is the process of ensuring that all aspects of an organisation, including its goals, resources, and activities, are coordinated and in harmony with its overall strategy. Logistics aligns with the strategic objectives of the organisation by supporting market expansion, new product launches, and customer service initiatives. By integrating logistics with overall business strategy, organisations can leverage logistics capabilities to drive growth, enter new markets, and gain a competitive advantage in the industry.
6. Distinguish between inbound and outbound logistics.
Ans: Between inbound and outbound logistics are:
| Inbound logistics | Outbound logistics |
| Inbound logistics brings supplies or materials into a business, | Outbound logistics deals with moving goods and products out to customers. |
| It encompasses activities such as sourcing, procurement, transportation, and receiving of raw materials and other inputs required for production or operations. | It includes activities such as order processing, warehousing, packaging, transportation, and distribution. |
| Efficient inbound logistics can contribute to cost savings, improved production processes, and better inventory management. | Outbound logistics involves the movement and management of finished products, goods, or services from the company. |
7. List out steps involved in a logistics to analyse strategy
planning and development process?
Ans: The steps involved in a logistics to analyse strategy planning and development process are:
(i) Assessment of Current State: It refers to the process of collecting and analysing the current state of a process, system, or project environment. The goal of the Current State Assessment is to gain a detailed understanding of the existing situation in order to plan improvements or adaptations based on this knowledge.
(ii) Risk Assessment and Mitigation: Risk assessments involve measures, processes and controls to reduce the impact of risk. Prioritise risks. This step involves ranking quantified risk in terms of severity. One aspect of risk mitigation is prioritisation — accepting an amount of risk in one part of the organisation to better protect another.
(iii) Implementation Plan: Develop a detailed implementation plan that outlines the specific actions, timelines, responsibilities, and milestones for executing the logistics strategy. Communicate the plan to all relevant stakeholders and monitor progress closely to ensure timely implementation.
(iv) Market Analysis: Market analysis is a detailed assessment of your business’s target market and the competitive landscape within a specific industry. This analysis lets you project the success you can expect when you introduce your brand and its products to consumers within the market.
(v) Stakeholder Engagement: Stakeholder engagement is the process by which companies communicate and get to know their stakeholders. By getting to know them, companies are able to better understand what they want, when they want it, how engaged they are and how the companies’ plans and actions will affect their goals.
8. Enumerate internal and external issues which create challenges in the way of proper functioning of logistics.
Ans: Internal and external issues which create challenges in the way of proper functioning of logistics.
(i) Poor Inventory Management: Stakeholder engagement is the process by which companies communicate and get to know their stakeholders. By getting to know them, companies are able to better understand what they want, when they want it, how engaged they are and how the companies’ plans and actions will affect their goals.
(ii) Excess Inventory and Holding Costs: Overstocking can tie up capital and warehouse space, leading to increased holding costs such as storage, insurance, and obsolescence. Excess inventory can also result in markdowns or write-offs if products become obsolete or expire. Inaccurate Demand Forecasting: Inaccurate forecasting of customers.
(iii) Inaccurate Demand Forecasting: Inaccurate demand forecasting in e-commerce can lead to overstocking, understocking, lost sales, increased costs, waste, reputation damage, inefficient supply chain, and forced discounting. Precision in forecasting is crucial to optimise inventory, satisfy customers, and maintain profitability.
9. Distinguish between supply chain and logistics?
Ans: Supply chain and Logistics must not be confused. Logistics is a rather narrow focused concept, which basically means globalisation of resource management from every local unit to the whole network of production points.
Supply chain management is a complex category. Supply chain management includes logistics and thus achieves end-to-end optimization – that is, not only inside the enterprise but also when operating with counterparties.
10. On what basis can you say that logistic is the subset of SCM?
Ans: Logistics is a subset of supply chains and is defined as the movement of goods within an organisation’s stakeholders from suppliers to manufacturing, to distribution centres, and then finally to the end customer. Logistics: Logistics primarily focuses on the physical movement and management of goods and services, including transportation, warehousing, inventory management, packaging, and distribution. Supply Chain Management: SCM encompasses a broader range of activities beyond logistics, including strategic sourcing, procurement, production planning, demand forecasting, supplier management, order fulfilment, and customer relationship management.
11. List out the various Objectives of Logistics?
Ans: The various Objectives of Logistics are:
(i) Efficiency: Logistics aims to streamline processes to ensure that goods are transported, stored, and distributed in the most efficient manner possible, minimising costs and maximising resource utilisation.
(ii) Inventory Management: Inventory management refers to the process of ordering, storing, using, and selling a company’s inventory. This includes the management of raw materials, components, and finished products, as well as warehousing and processing of such items.
(iii) Transportation Management: Transportation management systems improve supply chain efficiency by automating and optimising shipping processes, such as route planning, carrier selection, and shipment tracking. It results in cost savings, increased visibility and control, and improved delivery times.
12. Explain all the areas do the Logistic Manager consider reducing the cost of operation?
Ans: The Logistic Manager considers reducing the cost of operation by Implementing layout and space utilisation improvements is crucial for reducing logistics costs. By optimising storage arrangements, equipment placement, and workflow, businesses can maximise space utilisation, minimise travel distances, and improve operational efficiency.
