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NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 16 Understanding Media
Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 7 Social Science Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 16 Understanding Media and After, NCERT Class 7 Social Science Textbook of Our Pasts – II: History, Social and Political Life – II: Civics, Our Environment: Geography. for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Understanding Media
Chapter: 16
Social And Political Life-II [Civics]
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Q.1. In what ways does the media play an important role in democracy?
Ans: Media plays an important role in a democracy. It provides news and discusses events taking place in the country and the world. It is on the basis of this information that we learn how the government works.
(i) Media also criticises the unpopular policies and programmes that the government takes.
(ii) Media form public opinion.
(iii) Media acknowledges us with several current issues.
(iv) Media provides awareness among masses.
Q.2. Can you give the diagram shown below a title? What do you understand about the link between media and big business from this diagram?
Ans: Title of the diagram: Products and money flow through media.
In this diagram there are two types of links indicated between the media and big business.
(a) Some big business houses have their own media. Sometimes media gets business through big business house.
(b) Big business houses advertise their products in media to sell.
Q.3. You have read about the ways in which the media ‘sets the agenda’. What kind of effect does this have in a democracy? Provide two examples to support your point of view.
Ans: Media ‘sets agenda’ because media has its great importance of its own.
It is the media through which the public can raise voices.
Media decides which subjects to highlight and hence ‘sets the agenda’.
For example:
(i) News of major public events is highlighted.
(ii) The visit of a famous political party is highlighted.
(iii) Alarming level of adulterations in food items is highlighted.
Q.4. As a class project, decide to focus on a particular news topic and cut out stories from different newspapers on this. Also watch the coverage of this topic on T.V. news, compare two newspapers and write down the similarity and differences in their reports. It might help to ask the following questions:
(a) What information is this article providing?
(b) What information is it leaving out?
(c) From whose point of view is the article being written?
(d) Whose point of view is being left out and why?
Ans: Students are suggested to do this project themselves.
[Hints: To do it yourself take this help: To do this project, take two different newspapers, for example, “The Times of India” and “Hindustan Times”. Go through both the papers of the same day. Choose any particular news heading in both the papers. Also watch the different T.V. Channels for this particular newsheading. And answer the questions given with help of newspaper’s cutting and news watched in different T.V. Channels.]
INTEXT QUESTIONS
Q.1. Look at the Collage given below and list six various kinds of media that you see.
Ans: The six various kinds of media are as under:
(i) Radio.
(ii) Mobile Phone.
(iii) Cyber Cafe.
(iv) Newspaper.
(v) Television.
(vi) Internet.
Q.2. Ask older members of your family about what they used to listen to on the radio when there was no TV around. Find out from them when the first TV came to your area. When was cable TV introduced?
Ans: They used to listen news of national importance on the radio. Various programmes on science, agriculture etc. were also broadcast time-to-time. There were cricket commentaries too but in particular months. There were entertainment programmes also such as songs, dramas, bal mandali etc. which were very popular among the common mass.
The first TV came to my area in the late 1960s, Cable TV was introduced in 1984.
Q.3. How many people in your neighbourhood use the Internet?
Ans: There are many people in my neighbourhood use the internet.
Q.4. List three things that you know about some other parts of the world from watching television.
Ans: (i) Barack Obama’s Oath Ceremony in U.S.A.
(ii) Modi’s Oath Ceremony in India with its minister in Cabinet.
(iii) Disasters-Natural or Man-made.
(iv) Fashion-shows.
(v) International Cricket Matches.
Q.5. Can you list three different products that are advertised during your favourite TV programme?
Ans: (i) Meggi Noddles.
(ii) Chocolates.
(iii) Raymond Clothes.
(iv) Washing Powder Nirma.
(v) Brooke Bond Tea.
Q.6. Take a newspaper and count the number of advertisement on it. Some people say that newspapers have too many advertisements. Do you think this is true and why?
Ans: Hints: Students have to do this to do this questions themselves.
Q.7. Are the stories in the two newspapers given below similar? And if not, why not? What in your view, are the similarities and the differences?
Crackdown on polluting factories:
Protestors block roads and disrupt traffic
Radhika Malik | INN
Violent protests by owners and workers brought the city to a standstill today. People getting to work could not do so on time because of huge traffic jams. The owners and workers are protesting the government’s decision to close down polluting factory units. Although the government did take this decision rather hastily, the protestors have known for quite some time that their units are not legal.
Moreover the levels of pollution in the city will be greatly reduced by this closure. Mr. Jain a wellknown figure in the city said, “With our city gradually becoming India’s new business hub, it is important that it be a clean and green city. Polluting factories should be moved. The factory owners and workers should accept the relocation being offered by the governments instead of protesting.”
Closure of factories causes unrest:
Dally News Service
The closure of one lakh factories in the city’s residential areas is likely to become a serious issue. On Monday, thousands of factory owners and workers took to the streets to strongly protest this closure. They said that their livelihoods would be lost. They say that the fault lies with the municipal corporation because it continued to issue licences for new factories to be set up in residential areas. They also say that there were no adequate relocation efforts. The owners and workers plan a one-day city bandh to protest against this closure. Mr. Sharma, one of the factory owners said, “The government says that it has done a lot to relocate us. But the areas they have sent us to have no facilities and have not been developed for the last five years.”
Ans: No. These two stories are not similar. Both have some similarities and differences.
Similarities:
(i) Both these reports are about the protests due to the closure of factories.
(ii) In both these reports, government assures the protestors to relocate the factories somewhere else.
Differences:
(i) The News of India reports that closure of factories will result in clean and green city while the India Daily reports that closure of factories will lead to loss of livelihoods for many people living in that area.
Q.8. If you read the story in the News of India, what would you think about the issue?
Ans: The government’s decision about closure of factories is apt because it would reduce the pollution. The angry owners and workers protest the decision and cause unrest.
Q.9. Do you think it is important to know both sides of the story?
Ans: It is important to know both sides of the story, because by doing this only we shall be able to develop our own views.
Q.10. What is the consequence of the media ‘Setting the agenda’ by reporting on the Fashion Week rather than the slum demolitions?
Ans: By reporting on the Fashion Week the media earned a huge amount of money.
Q.11. Can you think of an issue that does not seen important to you because it is never featured in the media?
Ans: Ever-rising prices of essential commodities of daily uses.
SOME OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. What do you understand by media?
Ans: All means of communications are collectively referred to as media.
Q.2. Write any two objectives of the media.
Ans: (i) Not to highlight one sided (aspect).
(ii) To separate news from opinion.
Q.3. Name the inventor of television.
Ans: J. L. Baird was an inventor of television.
Q.4. How does mass media earn money?
Ans: They earn money by publishing advertisements.
Q.5. Define the local media.
Ans: Local media is the media run by local groups intended to cover local issues of people in remote areas. These help local people to raise their voice, which otherwise does not reach the concerned authorities.
Q.6. What do you understand by the media propaganda?
Ans: Media propaganda refers to manipulation of public opinion by reporting news in a manner that it influences people and effectively persuades them for or against a cause.
Q.7. Explain the term ‘censorship’.
Ans. When the government prevents media from making a news or programme or their parts public, it is known as censorship.
Q.8. Define Signature Campaign.
Ans: Signature Campaign is a letter or petition signed by many people to show support for a cause or an action.
Q.9. Name the lighthouse of democracy.
Ans: Press (Printing Press) is known as the lighthouse of the democracy.
Q.10. What does an independent media mean?
Ans: An independent media means that no one should control and influence its coverage of news.
Q.11. Why are newspapers called print media?
Ans: Newspapers called print media, because these newspapers use print technology in reporting their news, etc.
Q.12. Describe the term “Jan Sunwai”.
Ans: People organise themselves into public hearing where anybody would come and have his say on certain matters is known as Jan Sunwai.
Q.13. What is the need of RTI?
Ans: The Right to Information Act was passed by Indian government to give people access to information relating to public authorities.
Q.14. The technology help media. How?
Ans: It helps media to reach more people. It also improves the quality of print, sound and the images that reaches to the public.
Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. Explain how the credibility of the media could be maintained.
Ans: Media credibility could be maintained if media does not resort to unethical means for raising its circulation. Media should not try to make money through a string operation. The media should also not conduct trials and pronounce people guilty or innocent since it is not their job.
Q.3. What do you mean by mass media?
Ans: Those forms of media that reaches millions of people or the masses, across the country and the world, are called mass media. For example, Television, ratio and newspapers.
Q.4. List five things for which media needs money.
Ans: Here are five things for which media needs money:
(i) Infrastructure: like buildings, studies, cameras, lights etc.
(ii) Employees: manage a network correspondents, staff etc.
(iii) Technology: electronic equipment to transmit the programmes through satellites to the televisions in people’s homes.
(iv) expenditures on electrical bills, machinery, up-gradation etc. on a regular basis.
(v) Broadcasting companies are required to pay huge amounts of people or films, songs which they show on the television.
Q.5. Explain balanced media report.
Ans: A report that discuss all points of view of a particular story and then leave it to the readers to make up their minds is called a balanced media report.
Q.6. Why are most newspapers not able to provide a balanced story before the readers?
Ans: Most of media are controlled by big business houses in India and many business houses, provide advertisement to the newspapers. How can they publish anything against them when they run at their expenses. That’s why most newspapers are not able to provide a balanced story before readers.
Q.7. What is Electronic media? Give two examples.
Ans: Media that uses electronics to access the content is referred to as electronic media. For example, T.V., Radio.
Q.8. Give some ways by which citizens can take action against the government.
Ans: Ways through which citizens can take actions against the government are:
(a) By writing letters to the concerned ministers.
(b) By organising a public protest.
(c) By starting a signature campaign.
(d) By asking the government to rethink its programme.
Long Answer Type Questions
Q.1. What role does media play in a democracy?
Ans: Media’s role in a democracy can be highlighted as follows:
(a) Media plays a very important role in providing news and discussing events taking place in the country and the world.
(b) It is on the basis of information provided by media, that citizens can learn how the government works.
(c) If citizens wish so, they can take action against the government on the basis of news stories.
Q.2. How can you say that media does not give a balanced report?
Ans: Media has close association with business houses. They give money to the media for advertisements. Sometimes, to favour the business houses, they only publish that side of the story which is favourable to them. It is difficult for media to go against the public houses which give them advertisements. Media also tends to focus on a particular aspect of the story because they believe that this makes the story interesting. If they want to increase public support for an issue, they often do this by focusing on one side a story.
Q.3. How can you say that television has reduced the distances and proved that “world is a family?” Explain.
Ans: Television news and images travel huge distances through satellites and cables. This allows us to know about the news and events that happen worldwide. We see cartoons on our television sets which are mostly from Japan and the United States. While sitting in Indian cities, we could watch the disaster at WORLD TRADE CENTER. Thus, television has enabled us to think of ourselves as members of a large global world.
Q.4. What do you mean by ‘media sets the agenda’?
Ans: (i) Media decides the issues to focus on.
(ii) By highlighting a particular issue, the media influence our thoughts, feelings and actions.
(iii) Thus, it brings to our attention the issue and shapes our thought.
(iv) Because of the important influences that media shows on our lives, it is generally said that the ‘media sets the agenda’.
Q.5. ‘Which events needs to be published’ how does media decide this?
Ans: 1. Media tends to focus on those events that they believe will make interesting stories.
For examples:
(i) The news of ‘A Fashion show’ will attract many people to read.
(ii) The news of cricket will be of interest to many readers. However, the news of an annual day at a school does not need media attention.
2. Media also publishes only those news which are in favour of the political party which supports them or the big business houses which render them financial support.
Q.6. What do you understand by the term Independent Media? Why is it important for democracy?
Ans: An independent media means that no one should control and influence its coverage of news. No one should tell the media what can be included and what should not be included in a news story.
An independent media is important in a democracy because it is on the basis of the information that the media provides that we take actions as citizens. So, it is important that the information provided by media is reliable and not biased.
Higher Order Thinking Skill
Q.1. Why are advertisements shown repeatedly between each over of cricket match on T.V.?
Ans: Advertisements are shown repeatedly between each over so that you can watch the same image again and again. It is repeated in the hope that you will go out and buy the products of advertised.
Q.2. Describe the role of T.V. in our lives.
Ans: (i) We can see live telecast of any event, natural calamities, etc., happening in one corner while sitting in other corner of the world.
(ii) At present we cannot imagine our lives without T.V. It has made us the members of the world community.
(iii) It allows us to view news and entertainment channels across the world through satellites and cables. Thus, T.V. has changed the world into a small village.
Q.3. Why media is not independent?
Ans: Media is not independent because of two reasons:
(a) The first is the control that the government has on the media. When the government prevents either a news item or scenes from a movie, or the lyrics of a song from being shared with the larger public, this is referred to as censorship.
(b) Media is no longer considered independent because of its close links to business. Media’s continual need for money and its links to advertising means that it becomes difficult for media to be reporting against people who give them advertisements.
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
I. Multiple Choice Questions
Tick (✓) the correct option:
1. Which of the earliest form of mass media?
(i) Print media.
(ii) Digital media.
(iii) Both (i) and (ii).
(iv) None of these.
Ans: (i) Print media.
2. Mass media gets money from _______.
(i) People.
(ii) NGOs.
(iii) Advertisements.
(iv) None of these.
Ans: (iii) Advertisements.
3. Prasar Bharti includes _______.
(i) All India Radio.
(ii) Doordarshan.
(iii) Both (i) and (ii).
(iv) All of these.
Ans: (iii) Both (i) and (ii).
4. Which of these is not an example of digital media?
(i) Television.
(ii) Internet.
(iii) Cellular Phones.
(iv) Books.
Ans: (iv) Books.
5. In which year was the Right to Information Act passed?
(i) January 2005.
(ii) October 2005.
(iii) September 2005.
(iv) February 2005.
Ans: (ii) October 2005.
6. Which of these newspapers are published in Hindi in India?
(i) Dainik Bhaskar.
(ii) Punjab Kesari.
(iii) Dainik Jagran.
(iv) All of these.
Ans: (iv) All of these.
7. Which one of the following is broadcast Media?
(i) Magazines.
(ii) Journals.
(iii) Journals.
(iv) Newspaper.
Ans: (iii) Radio.
8. Mass media needs money for ________.
(i) Infrastructure.
(ii) Upgradation of technology.
(iii) OB Vans.
(iv) All of these.
Ans: (iv) All of these.
II. Fill in the blanks:
1. Mass media is classified as broadcast media, ________ media and the web media.
Ans: Print.
2. Any news reported in a biased manner can cause _______ and disharmony.
Ans: Communal discord.
3. The broadcasters charge the rate of advertisement as per the ________ of the programme.
Ans: Popu-larity.
4. Right to ________ means that people have the right to express their views freely.
Ans: Information.
5. If the media is not sensitive then there could be a need for _______.
Ans: Censorship.
III. True-False Statements:
1. Right to Information Act was passed in the year 2004.
Ans: False.
2. Media gets money from advertisements.
Ans: True.
3. Media is only provides entertainment.
Ans: False.
4. In the democracy media does not play an important role.
Ans: False.
5. Mass media can work without money.
Ans: False.
