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Class 12 Political Science Chapter 6 International Organisations
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International Organisations
Unit -6
PART – 1
VERY SHORT ANSWER
Q.1. “Jaw_Jaw 8s better than war_war”who made this comment ?
Ans : “Jaw_Jaw is better than war_war”_was commented by Shashi Tharoor, the former UN Under Secretary_General for communication and public Information.
Q.2. How many members signed the UN charter when it was set up ?
Ans : 51 members signed the UN charter when it was set up.
Q.3. What is the main objective of UN ?
Ans : The main objective of UN is to maintain internation peace and security.
Q.4. At present how many member states are there in the UN ?
Ans : At present there are 192 members in the UN.
Q.5. Fill in the blanks :
There are___permanent members in the UN security council.
Ans : Five.
Q.6. Who is the present Secretary General of UNO ?
Ans : Ban_ki_Moon is the present Secretary General of the UNO.
Q.7. Write the full form of IAEA.
Ans : The Full form of IAEA is International Atomic Energy Agency.
Q.8. What is meant by veto power ?
Ans : ‘Veto Power’ is a negative power which is entrusted in the hands of the permanent member of security council.
Q.9. Who was the first Secretary General of the UN ?
Ans : Trygue Lie was the first Secretary General of the UN.
Q.10. Which Country is the single largest contributor to the UN ?
Ans : United States of America (USA) Is the single largest contributor to the UN.
Q.11. Which date is celebrated as United Nations Day ?
Ans : 24th October is celebrated as United Nations Day.
Q.12. In which year UN launched the peace Building Fund ?
Ans : In 2006 UN Launched Peace Building Fund.
Q.13. Who was first Woman President of the UN Assembly ?
Ans : Smt.Vijay Laxmi Pandit was the first woman president of the UN Assembly.
Q.14. What do you mean by the ‘Big three’ ?
Ans : Big three means Roosevelt, Churchill and Stalin.
Q.15. Name the international agency relating to environmental programme ?
Ans : United Nation’s Environment programme established in 1972 relating to environmental programme.
Q.16. Name the highest functionary of the UN ?
Ans : General assembly is the highest functioning agency of UN.
Q.17. When the peace building commission was established ?
Ans : Peace Building commission was formed in December 2005.
Q.18. Who was the main mover in the Main Ban Treaty of 1997 ?
Ans : An NGO coalition was the prime mover on the Mine Ban Treaty of 1997.
Q.19. When UN millennium Declaration was ratified ?
Ans : In 2000 U.N. Millennium Declaration was ratified.
Q.20. What is the relevance of United Nations in a unipolar world ?
Ans : United Nations is playing an important role in establishing peace and security in the world.
Q.21. Write the weakness of NGOs ?
Ans : UNO has no power to enforce it’s decisions.
Q.22. When India become a member of UN ?
Ans : India become member of U.N. in 1945.
SHORT ANSWER
Q.1. What is the need for international organisations ?
Ans : International Organisation’s importance can be laid down in the following two points:
(a) International Organisations are helpful in finding peaceful solution of a dispute between countries.countries show a tendency to co-operate and make better living conditions for all the people. Thus, it helps member states to find an amicable solution to their outstanding problems.
(b) International Organisations are helpful in another way. There are issues that are so challenging that they can only be dealt with when everyone work together. For example, some disease,can only be eradicated if everyone in the world cooperates in vaccinating their population.
Q.2. Do you think that the international organisations is a super state? Justify your answer.
Ans : No, I don’t think that International Organisations is a super state with authority over its members. It is created by and responds to states. It comes into being when states agree to its creation. Once created,it can help members states resolve their problems peacefully. Therefore, it would be more acceptable to say that it is a super state.
Q.3. Write the names of the permanent members of UN Security Council.
Ans : The names of the permanent members of Security Council are Russia, USA, China, Britain and France.
Q.4. Mention two privileges enjoyed by the permanent members of the Security Council.
Ans : The two privileges enjoyed by the permanent members of the Security Council are:
(i) The five permanent members enjoy veto power.
(ii) The permanent members has the power to take all important issues of international arena relating to peace and security.
Q.5 What is Amnesty international ?
Ans : Amnesty international is a non governmental organisation (NGO) which was established with the aim of protecting human rights all over the world.
Q.6. What is the relevance of the UN in the present day world ?
Ans : Relevance of the UN in present day world are:
(i) With the growing interaction and interdependence all over the world,it is hard to think that seven billion people throughout the world could survive without an international organisation.
(ii) International Organisations are given a platform to the countries of the world to discuss their tension and problems by sitting together. It has allowed the process of discussion and conciliation which are peaceful ways to resolve a disputed matter.
Q.7. Write the names of two NGOs which are concerned with protection of human rights all over the world.
Ans : Human Rights watch and Amnesty international are two famous NGOs which are concerned with protection of Human Rights all over the world.
Q.8. Mention the names of two agencies of the UN which deal with Social & economic issues.
Ans : UNESCO ans World Health organisation are the two agencies of the UN which deal with Social and economic issues.
Q.9. What has been India’s stand on disarmament ?
Ans : India’s stand for disarmament is very strong. India was always against war. India always support peace and non-violence. India adopts the policy of non_alignment India adopts the policy of cooperation and understanding in International affairs.
Q.10. Where Secretariat of the UN is situated? Who is the first Secretary_General of UN ?
Ans : Secretariat of the UN situated at New York City of the USA and Trygue Lie was the first General Secretary of the UNO.
Q.11. What are the function of the Secretary Council ?
Ans : Same as Ans of Q.No. 1(Long Answer)
Q.12. When was the charter of the UN signed? By 2006 how many member states are there ?
Ans : The charter of United Nations was signed on 26th June 1945, By 2006,the UN had 192 members.
Q.13. The UN Security Council has…………….. permanent and……………non permanent members ?
Ans : The UN Security Council has 5 permanent and 10 non_permanent members.
Q.14. Write the composition of the security council ?
Ans : The Security yis composed by two type of members. There is five permanent members and ten non_permanent members.
Q.15. Write the name of agencies which deal with Social and economic issues ?
Ans : Economic and Social Council deals with Social and economic issues.
Q.16. Why are reforms in the UN required ?
Ans : The reform is UN is required so tha more countries can be accommodated in the security council.
Q.17. What makes the UN an indispensable Organisation ?
Ans : United Nations is an indispensable Organisation because it can settle International dispute with peaceful methods and thus can promote world peace and security.
Q.18. Name any two military alliances.
Ans : The two military alliances are:
(i) NATO. and
(ii) SEATO.
LONG ANSWER
Q.1. What are the functions of the Security Council ?
Ans : Security Council is the most powerful organ of the UN. The following are the main functions of Security Council: The admissions of new states to the organization and the expulsion there from can only be done on the recommendation of the Security Council. It makes recommendations to the general Assembly for the appointment of the General Secretary. It can take any measure necessary to maintain or restore international peace and security. It shares with the General Assembly the function of electing judges to the International Court of justice and right or request the court for advisory opinion on legal matters.
Q.2. Do you think that the UN is a perfect International Organisations ? Give reason.
Ans : To some extent UN is an imperfect body, but without it the world would be worse off. Given the growing connections and links between societies and issues ‘interdependence’__it is very hard to imagine how more than seven billion people would live together without an organisation such as the UN Technology promises to increase planetary interdependence,and therefore the importance of the UN will only increase. People’s and governments will have to find ways of supporting and using the UN and other international organisations in ways that are consistent with their own interests and the interests on the international community more broadly.
Q.3. Write a short note on WTO.
Ans : The World Trade Organisation (WTO) is an international organisation which sets the rules of global trade. This Organisation was set up in 1995 as the successor to the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT) created after the Second World War. It has 150 members. All decisions are taken unanimously but the major economic powers such as the US, EU and Japan have managed to use the WTO to frame the rules of trade to advance their own interests. The developing countries often complain of non__transparent procedures and being pushed around by big powers.
Q.4. Do you support India’s candidature for permanent membership in the UN security Council ? Justify your answer.
Ans : As a citizen of India I will support whole hearted India’s candidature for the permanent Membership of the Security Council. India rightly deserves a permanent membership as it fulfil almost all the criteria laid down by the UN. India is the second most populous country in the world comprising almost one fifth of the world population. India is also the world largest democracy. India has participated in virtually all of the initiatives of the UN. It’s role in the UN’s peace keeping efforts is a long and substantial one. India has emerged as a potential economic power in the world. India has also made regular financial contributions to the UN and never faltered on its payments.
All these factors justifies India’s claim to a permanent seat in the Security Council.
Q.5. In which year the World Bank was created? Discuss it’s activities.
Ans : The World Bank was created immediately after the Second World War.
The following are the functions of the World Bank:
(i) The World Bank works for human development, agriculture and rural development, environmental protection, infrastructure and governance.
(ii) It provides loans and grants to the member countries.In this way it exercises enormous influence on the economic policies of developing countries.
(iii) The World Bank promotes the long range balanced growth of international trade and maintanence of equilibrium in the balance of payments by encouraging international investment of productive resources.
(iv) To assist in the reconstruction and development of the territories of the members by facilitating investment of capital.
Q.6. Discuss the composition of the General Assembly.
Ans : The General Assembly is the principal organ of United Nations. Each member of United Nations is also the member of General Assembly. Each member has one vote in this organ. It is like a world parliament and is also the general policy making body of the United Nations.
Q.7. Name some specialised agencies of the UN ?
Ans : The following are specialized agencies of the UN are:
(i) FAQ : Food and Agricultural Organization.
(ii) WHO: World Health Organisation.
(iii) ILO: International Labour Organisation.
(iv) UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation.
(v) UNICEF: United Nations Children’s Emergency Fund.
Q.8. Name the four architect of the non_ aligned Movement ?
Ans : Four architects of Non_alignment movement:
(i) Josip Broz Tito.
(ii) Jawaharlal Nehru.
(iii) Gamel Abdul Naser.
(iv) K wame Nkrumah.
Q.9. Why do only the permanent members of the Security Council have the right of veto power ?
Ans : The charter of United Nations has made this provision that only the permanent members of the security council shall have the right to veto. Thus the big_five members enjoy special status in UN.
Q.10. Why is an International Organisations required in the world arena? Explain its role.
Ans : An International Organisations is required in the world arena for the following reasons:
(i) International Organisations are helpful in finding peaceful solution of a dispute between countries. Countries show a tendency to co-operate and make better living conditions for all the people. Thus International Organisations helps member states to find an amicable solution to their outstanding problems.
(ii) International Organisations are helpful in another way. There are issues that are so challenging that they can only be dealt with when everyone work together. For example, some disease, can only be credicated if everyone in the world cooperates in vaccinating their population.
Q.11. Write the changes that have occurred in the functioning of the UN after the Cold War ?
Ans : After the end of cold war America , no doubt, has become the only superpower in the world. There is no serious rival who can prevent America from doing whatever it wants. In such a situation, the United Nations is the only body which can prevent arbitrary actions of America. United States power cannot be checked easily because UN is located in US and many officials of UN are United States Nationals. UN is located at New York, US. Moreover US contributes huge amount to UN as grant and even US enjoys the veto power in the United Nations Security Council. The UN is not therefore a great balance to US.
Nevertheless,. In a unipolar world in which US is dominant, the UNO can and has served to bring the USA and the rest of the world into discussions over various issues, US leaders, in spite of the frequent criticism of the UN, do see the organisation as serving a purpose in bringing together over 190 nations in dealing with conflict and social and economic development. The UN provides an arena in which it is possible to modify US attitudes and policies. While the rest of the world is rarely United against Washington, and while it is virtually impossible to balance US power, the United Nations does provide a space within which arguments against specific US attitudes and policies are heard and compromises and concessions can be shaped.
Conclusion :- In conclusion it can be said that importance of UN cannot be undermined though it is an imperfect body to US. In a globalised world importance of UN is ever-increasing. People and government will have to find ways off supporting and using the UN and other international organisations in ways that are consisted with their own interests and the interest of the international community more broadly.
| Sl. No. | CONTENTS |
| Unit 1 | PART – 1 |
| Chapter 1 | The Cold War Era |
| Chapter 2 | The End of Bipolarity |
| Chapter 3 | US Hegemony in World Politics |
| Chapter 4 | Alternative Centres Of Power |
| Chapter 5 | Contemporary South Asia |
| Chapter 6 | International Organisations |
| Chapter 7 | Security In The Contemporary World |
| Chapter 8 | Environment And Natural Resources |
| Chapter 9 | Globalisation |
| Unit 2 | PART – 2 |
| Chapter 1 | Era of One-Party Dominance |
| Chapter 2 | Challenges of Nation Building |
| Chapter 3 | Politics Of Planned Development |
| Chapter 4 | India’s External Relations |
| Chapter 5 | Challenges to and Restoration of Congress System |
| Chapter 6 | The Crisis of Democratic Order |
| Chapter 7 | Rise of Popular Movements |
| Chapter 8 | Regional Aspirations |
| Chapter 9 | Recent Developments in India Politics |
Q.12. Discuss the activities of the World Bank. Who is the President Secretary. General of the World Bank ?
Ans : The activities of the World Bank are mentioned in the following ways:
(i) The World Bank provides workers for human development, agriculture and rural development, environmental protection and microstructure development.
(ii) World Bank provides and grants to the member countries.
(iii) The World Bank workers for balanced growth of international trade and encourages International investments in developing countries.
(iv) The World Bank assists in the reconstruction and development of the territories of the members by facilitating investment of capital.
Q.13. What are the major Global Challenges which are faced by the World today ?
Ans : The major global Challenges which are faced by the World today are:
(i) Poverty.
(ii) Unemployment.
(iii) Spread of HIV/AIDS.
(iv) Terrorism.
Q.14 Name the international agencies of the UN.
Ans : The International agencies of the UN are:
(i) World Health organisation.
(ii) International Monetary Fund.
(iii) International Atomic Energy Agency.
(iv) International Labour Organisation.
Q.15. What changes have taken place in the world after the Cold War ?
Ans : Same as Ans of Q.No.4 (Very Long Answer)
Q.16. What is IMF ?
Ans : IMF means International Monetary Fund. It regulates global financial system.
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