Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Politics Of Planned Development The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters Assam Board HS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Politics Of Planned Development and select needs one.
Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Politics Of Planned Development
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board HS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 12 Politics Of Planned Development Solutions for All Subjects, You can practice these here…
VERY LONG ANSWER
Q. 1. Discuss the ideas of development ?
Ans : Development means increase in national economy. It also means change coupled with economic growth and socio economic progress it refers to to increase the capacity to make a rational use of natural and human resources for social economic progress. It is a process of improving living standards and attaining an economic viable level of Industrial Production. It has to be judged by the improvement it makes in quality of life of people of both material and spiritual creation of a harmonious equality best society and a Self Reliant action.
Q. 2. When was the planning commission set up in India? Discuss its scope.
Ans : In India the Planning Commission was set up in the year 1950. It covered a widespread scope in the Planning and development process of India.
It’s main scope are :
(i) To make an assessment of the material complete capital and human resources of the country including technical personnel and investigate the possibilities of augmenting such resources are found to be deficient in relation to the Nation’s requirement.
(ii) To formulate a plan for the most effective and balanced utilisation the country’s resources.
(iii) Determination of priorities define stage in which the plan should be carried out and propose the allocation of resources for the due completion of each stage.
(iv) To determine the nature of the machinery which will be necessary for securing the successful implementation of each stage of the plane in all its aspects.
(v) To appraise from time to time the progress achieved in the execution of each stage of the plan and recommend the adjustments of policy and measures that such appraisal may show to be necessary.
Q. 3. Discuss the decentralised planning ?
Ans : Planning that penetrates to The grass root level is called decentralised planning. It is not necessary that all planning always has to be centralised nor it is that planning is only about Big industries and large projects. It can be better explained through the Kerala Model of decentralisation which is regarded as the path of planning and development charted by the state of Kerala.
This decentralised model focused on education, health, land Reform, effective food distribution and poverty alleviation. Despite low per capita incomes, and a relatively weak industrial base, Kerala achieved nearly total literacy, a long life expectancy, low Infant and female mortality, low birth rate and high access to medical care. Between 1987 and 1991 the government launched the new democratic initiative which involved campaigns for development designed to involve people directly in development activities through voluntary citizen’s organisations. The state has also taken initiative to involve people in making plans at the panchayat block and district level.
Q. 4. What do you mean by land reforms ? Discuss the provision of Land Reforms ?
Ans : It is not possible to take care of the technical problems without institutional reforms. Institutional policies can increase the agricultural productivity. After independence our government had adopted various institutional policies. The main institutional policies or Land Reforms are as under.
(i) Abolition of Zamindari System :- After independence in law is an intermediators had the right on 40% of the land of a country. This bold act not only release land from the clutches of a class that had little interest in agriculture, it also reduces the capacity of the landlords to dominate politics. Attempts at consolidation of land – bringing small pieces of land together in one place so that the farm size could become viable for agriculture.
(ii) Ceiling of land holding :- This system determine the maximum limit for ceiling on cultivable land for a person or a family. Surplus land is distributed among the landless. Government implemented the laws with the objective is to determine ceiling on land in different states in India.
(iii) Tenancy Reforms :- In this process the tenants who work on someone else’s land were given greater legal security against eviction. Windows minor military men or disabled could get their land cultivated by the tenants.
(iv) Bhoodan Movement :- This movement was launched by Vinoba Bhave in 1951. It is one of the great events in the land reforms of independent India. An appeal is made to the people for land donation by wooden movement. In this way the acquired land is distributed among the landless farmers.
Q. 5. Explain the food crisis which appeared in Bihar during 1965 and 1967. Give a brief account of its.
Ans : In 1960’s the agricultural situation went from bad to worse in all over the world. The rate of growth of food grain production in 1940’s and 1950’s was barely staying above rate of population growth. Between 1965 and 1967,severe droughts occurred in many parts of the country. It was in Bihar that the food prices was most acutely felt as the state faced a near famine situation.
The food shortage was significant in all districts of Bihar, with a districts producing less than half of their normal output. Five of these districts, in fact, produced less than one third of what they produced normally. Food deprivation subsequently led to acute and widespread malnutrition. It is estimated that the calorie intake dropped from 2200 per. capital per day to as low as 1200 in many regions of the state. Death rate was 34% times higher in 1967. Food prices also were quite high. Prices of wheat and rice were two times or more than that of normal prices in prosperous Punjab and other North Indian states. The government had “zoning” policies that prohibited trade of food across states; which reduce the availability of food in Bihar dramatically. In such a situation, the poorest section of the society suffered the most.
Q. 6. What do you mean by planning ? What is its importance for development ?
Ans : Planning can be defined as a systematic regulation of an activity which is undertaken by the government to set up and reduce the wastage of time and resources.
Paining is very much important to ensure development of a country. Planning is an instrument of bringing desired social economic change as well as progress. Planning is important to distributive justice which means to establish adjust society with development for all section of people in the society.
Q. 7. Discuss the economic and political result of Green Revolution ?
Ans : Same as Ans of Q. No. 4. (Long answer)
Q. 8.Write a note on the land reforms during the planning period ?
Ans : Same as Ans of Q. No. 4. (Very Long Answer)
Q. 9.Describe the machinery of planning in India ?
Ans : Same as Ans of Q. No. 2. (Very Long Answer)
Q. 10.What is the relevance of planning in the era of market economy ?
Ans : Same as Ans of Q. No. 6. (Very long answer)
Hi, I’m Dev Kirtonia, Founder & CEO of Dev Library. A website that provides all SCERT, NCERT 3 to 12, and BA, B.com, B.Sc, and Computer Science with Post Graduate Notes & Suggestions, Novel, eBooks, Biography, Quotes, Study Materials, and more.
