Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 32 Earthquake, Tsunami and Landslide

Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 32 Earthquake, Tsunami and Landslide Solutions English Medium As Per AHSEC New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters ASSEB Class 11 Geography Important Solutions and select need one. AHSEC Class 11 Elective Geography Additional Notes English Medium Download PDF. HS 1st Year Finance Important Solutions in English.

Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 32 Earthquake, Tsunami and Landslide

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Earthquake, Tsunami and Landslide

Chapter: 32

TENTH UNIT : NATURAL DISASTERS AND HAZARDS

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER

Answer The Following Questions:

1. What is called a landslide?

Ans: When a portion of the surface layer consisting of soil, sand and rocks on a mountain slope or steep area becomes loose due to heavy rainfall or earthquake vibrations and suddenly slips downward, it is called a landslide.

2. On which highly earthquake-prone European belt is the entire northern frontier of India located?

Ans: The entire northern frontier of India lies on the highly earthquake-prone European Alpine–Himalayan seismic belt.

3. What is an earthquake?

Ans: The sudden shaking caused by deformation or rupture within the rock layers beneath the Earth’s crust is called an earthquake.

4. A tsunami occurred on the Gujarat coast during the Kutch earthquake of which year?

Ans: A tsunami occurred on the Gujarat coast during the 1819 Kutch earthquake.

5. What is a landslide?

Ans: The falling down of a portion of a mountain or rock layer is called a landslide.

6. Which region of India is identified as an earthquake-prone region?

Ans: The Himalayan region and the adjoining southward plains are identified as earthquake-prone regions.

7. What happened due to the Kutch earthquake of 1819?

Ans: A tsunami was generated and a 24-km long uplifted ridge called the “Allah Bund” was formed.

8. From where does the shaking on the Earth’s surface originate?

Ans: Shaking on the Earth’s surface originates from endogenic forces.

9. What was the main cause of loss of life and property in the 1950 earthquake?

Ans: The main cause of loss of life and property in the 1950 earthquake was flooding.

10. What are the causes of man-made landslides?

Ans: Unscientific soil cutting, deforestation, and misuse of land resources.

Long Question & Answer:

1. What are the main causes of earthquakes in the Himalayan region?

Ans: The Himalayan region is among the most earthquake-prone parts of the world. The main cause is the collision between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The Indian Plate moves northward from the Indian Ocean and pushes against the stationary Eurasian Plate. This collision, continuing for millions of years, formed the Himalayas.

The plate movement releases enormous energy along faults or fractures. When this energy is suddenly released, an earthquake occurs. Because the Himalayan region lies close to this collision zone, frequent earthquakes occur in Northeast India, Nepal, Bhutan, and nearby areas.

2. How does damage increase during or after an earthquake?

Ans: Earthquakes cause immediate destruction, but secondary effects often increase the damage. Earthquakes block river channels, trigger landslides, and create temporary dams.

For example, during the 1950 Assam earthquake, the Subansiri River’s flow was blocked for three days. When the blockage broke, massive floods caused severe devastation.

In cities, earthquakes damage electricity, water, roads, and communication systems, increasing long-term destruction. Thus, secondary effects often become more harmful than the initial quake.

3. Describe the comparative situation of the Himalayan region and South India regarding earthquakes.

Ans: The Himalayan region experiences frequent earthquakes due to the continuous collision of the Indian and Eurasian plates. Major earthquakes in 1897, 1905, 1934, and 1950 occurred here.

Earlier, South India was thought to be stable and earthquake-free. But the 1819 Kutch earthquake, the 1993 Latur earthquake, and the 2001 Bhuj earthquake proved otherwise. Even old and stable geological regions of South India can also experience destructive earthquakes.