Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 31 Flood Drought and Cyclone

Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 31 Flood Drought and Cyclone Solutions English Medium As Per AHSEC New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters ASSEB Class 11 Geography Important Solutions and select need one. AHSEC Class 11 Elective Geography Additional Notes English Medium Download PDF. HS 1st Year Finance Important Solutions in English.

Class 11 Geography Important Chapter 31 Flood Drought and Cyclone

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Flood Drought and Cyclone

Chapter: 31

TENTH UNIT : NATURAL DISASTERS AND HAZARDS

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER

Answer The Following Questions:

1. At what speed did the wind blow during the 1977 Andhra cyclone?

Ans: The wind blew at a speed of 175 kilometres per hour during the 1977 Andhra cyclone.

2. How many people died in the 1977 cyclone?

Ans: About 50,000 people died in the 1977 cyclone.

3. On which date did the first cyclone of 1999 occur?

Ans: The first cyclone of 1999 occurred on 18 October.

4. How many people died in the first cyclone?

Ans: Around 200 people died in the first cyclone.

5. After how many years does the occurrence of such cyclones increase slightly?

Ans: Every five years.

6. What is the name of the devastating cyclone that occurred recently on the eastern coast?

Ans: The Odisha Super Cyclone.

7. Why do floods occur?

Ans: Floods occur due to deforestation, change in river courses, or a combination of multiple causes.

8. What percentage of India’s land is highly flood-prone?

Ans: About 12% of India’s land is highly flood-prone.

9. How many sq. km. of area in India gets flooded every year?

Ans: Around 79,000 sq. km. area gets flooded annually.

10. How many people suffer every year in India due to floods?

Ans: Nearly 2.5 crore (25 million) people suffer every year.

Long Question & Answer:

1. What is a flood? Explain India’s major flood-prone regions and impacts.

Ans: A flood is a natural disaster in which excessive rainfall causes rivers to overflow and canals to fill up. About 12% of India’s area (around 4 lakh sq. km.) is flood-prone. Major flood-affected states include Bihar, West Bengal, Assam, Odisha, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh—mainly along the Ganga, Brahmaputra, Mahanadi, Kosi, and Godavari rivers.

Every year, about 79,000 sq. km. remains submerged and nearly 2.5 crore people are affected. Around 1,500 people die annually. Major impacts include homelessness, food shortage, water-borne diseases, transport disruption, and loss of crops.

2. Describe the 1999 Odisha Super Cyclone.

Ans: The Odisha Super Cyclone of October 1999 is one of the most devastating cyclones in India’s history. A cyclone formed on 18 October with winds of 200 km/h, killing about 200 people. Another depression formed on 25 October in the Andaman Sea and intensified into a super cyclone. On 28 October, it struck Paradip with a speed of 260 km/h.

Lakhs of houses were destroyed, lakhs of people became homeless, agriculture and infrastructure collapsed, and the region suffered three days of extreme devastation.

3. Mention the long-term impacts of floods.

Ans: Floods cause long-term damage such as loss of soil fertility, salinity deposition, reduced crop yield, and increased farmer debt. Reconstruction of homes and infrastructure takes years. Psychological stress spreads among people. Water contamination, disease outbreaks, environmental pollution, and unemployment also rise. Thus, the impacts are economic, social, psychological, and environmental.

4. Describe the results of the 1977 Odisha cyclone.

Ans: The 1977 cyclone struck Odisha with a speed of 175 km/h and hit four times consecutively. The sea level rose by 6 metres, flooding areas up to 20 km inland. Nearly 50,000 people died and around 20 lakh people became homeless. About 12,000 sq. km. of agricultural land was destroyed, and salinity made farmlands infertile for up to three years. The cyclone severely affected Odisha’s economy and society.