Class 10 History Elective Chapter 8 Foreign policy of India Question answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters Assam Board Class 10 History Elective Chapter 8 Foreign policy of India and select needs one.
Class 10 History Elective Chapter 8 Foreign policy of India
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Foreign policy of India
Chapter: 8
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
[Mention the dates of the following events]
(a) The Indo- China Bilateral Treaty.
Ans: The Indo- China Bilateral Treaty : 29 may 1954.
(b) Formation of the SAARC.
Ans: Formation of the SAARC : 1985.
(c) SAARC stands for what?
Ans: Formation of the SAARC : 1985 South Asian Association for Regional cooperation.
(d) Liberation of Bangladesh.
Ans: Liberation of Bangladesh : 1971.
(e) Girl child Year.
Ans: Girl child Year : 1990.
(f) Youth Year.
Ans: Youth Year : 1994.
(g) Indo-Bangladesh treaty on Tin Bigha.
Ans: Indo-Bangladesh treaty or Tin Bigha : 26 March 1992.
(h) Ido- Pakistan treaty on Simal.
Ans: Indo- pakistan treaty of Simla : 1972.
Short Answer Type Questions
Q 1. India’s relations with China.
Ans: India’s relation with China was cordial from the beginning. The two’ countries approved each other’s national pride and followed a principal of peaceful co-existence and cooperation for developments under the terms of the Panchshil. But by 1962, the relationship was strained and a war broke out between the two countries. The rise of India and China as two major economic and political actors in both regional and global politics has caught global attention. The two emerging and enduring powers representing two modes of civilization signify a complex and dynamic relationship in world politics. The Wuhan meeting (April 2018, “informal summit”) between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Chinese President Xi Jinping is being hailed as a ‘new chapter’ in relations as the two countries engage in the wake of post-Doklam rhetoric.
Q 2. India’s relations with Pakistan.
Ans: India-Pakistan relations are convoluted and primarily adversarial, with origins in a plethora of historical and political events, most famously the partition of British India in August 1947. In accordance with its “Neighborhood First Policy,” India desires to maintain normal relations with Pakistan in an atmosphere free of terror, hostility, and violent behaviour. However, India would not make concessions on national security matters and will respond aggressively and sternly to any attempt to jeopardise its security and territorial integrity.
Two years after World War II, the United Kingdom formally dissolved British India, dividing it into two new sovereign nations: the Union of India and Pakistan. The third war between the two ñations took place in 1971 during the war of liberation of Bangladesh and finally pakistan attacked India in Kargil sector in 1999. All the Wars resulted in the defeat of the Pakistan army.
Q 3. India’s relations with Bangladesh.
Ans: India has been the first nation to recognize Bangladesh as an independent country, and diplomatic ties were established shortly after its independence in December 1971. Bangladesh–India relations are the bilateral relations between the People’s Republic of Bangladesh and the Republic of India, both of which are South Asian neighbours. Diplomatic relations between the two countries formally began in 1971 with India’s recognition of an independent Bangladesh (which was formerly known as East Pakistan) following India’s military intervention helping Bangladesh secure independence following the Bangladesh Liberation War. On 6 December, Bangladesh and India celebrate Friendship Day commemorating India’s recognition of Bangladesh and the continued friendship between the two countries.
Q 4. India’s relations with Nepal.
Ans: Nepal and India enjoy excellent bilateral ties. Founded on the age-old connection of history, culture, tradition and religion, these relations are close, comprehensive and multidimensional and are pronounced more in political, social, cultural, religious and economic engagements with each other. To add up the formal flavor to such historic relations, the two countries established diplomatic relations on 17 June 1947. Nepal-India relations are, in essence, much more than the sum of treaties and agreements concluded between the two countries. The frequent high level visits by the leaders of the two countries at different points of time and the interactions constitute the hallmark of the ties between the two countries. Furthermore, such visits have helped promote goodwill, trust, understanding and cooperation between the two countries and, have injected fresh momentum to further consolidate age-old and multi-faceted bilateral relations of friendship and cooperation on a more mature and pragmatic footing.
Essay Type Questions
Q 1. What are the fundamental aims and objectives of India’s Foreign policy?
Ans: The foreign policy of India has certain importantfeatures. The policy of the country was formulated in the year 1930, in conformity with programmes of the freedom struggle of the country.
The fundamental aims and objectives of India’s foreign policy are:
(i) National Security: National security, or national defence in American is the security and defence of a sovereign state, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, which is regarded as a duty of government. Originally conceived as protection against military attack, national security is widely understood to include also non-military dimensions, such as the security from terrorism, minimization of crime, economic security, energy security, environmental security, food security, and cyber-security.
(ii) Promotion of Economic Interests: Enhancing economic growth, trade, and investment opportunities is crucial. India seeks to engage with other nations to promote its economic interests, access new markets, and attract foreign investment.
(iii) Regional Stability: India’s focus has remained on framing the debate in normative terms by focusing on enhancing maritime cooperation, promoting connectivity and building partnerships with like-minded nations to ensure regional stability and security in the Indo-Pacific.
(iv) Global Influence: India seeks to enhance its influence on the global stage. This involves participating in international forums, shaping global agendas on issues such as climate change, terrorism, and trade, and projecting itself as a responsible global actor.
(v) Promotion of Democracy and Human Rights: India emphasizes the importance of democracy, human rights, and rule of law in its foreign policy. It supports initiatives that promote these values globally and engages with international organizations to uphold them.
(vi) Energy Security: India needs a reliable supply of energy to keep growing and developing. India aims to secure energy resources through diplomatic engagements, energy partnerships, and investments in alternative energy sources.
(vii) Cultural Diplomacy: Cultural diplomacy is a type of public diplomacy and soft power that includes the “exchange of ideas, information, art, language and other aspects of culture among nations and their peoples in order to foster mutual understanding”.
(viii) Strategic Autonomy: India pursues an independent foreign policy that safeguards its national interests while maintaining strategic autonomy. This involves balancing relationships with major powers and diversifying partnerships to avoid dependency on any single country.
Q 2. Discuss the historical circumstances leading to the emergence of Panchshil as the guiding principles of India’s foreign policy.
Ans: Panchsheel Agreement is the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence. It was first formally enunciated in the Agreement on Trade and Intercourse. The agreement was between the Tibet region of China and India. The agreement was signed on April 29, 1954.
The five principles of the Panchshil were:
(i) mutual respect for the territorial integrity and national sovereignty of nations.
(ii) Non-aggression of each other’s territory.
(iii) mutual non-intervention in each other’s internal affairs.
(iv) mutual cooperation for mutual benefit.
(v) peaceful co-existence. These five principles were taken from Buddhism. The concept of Panchsheel was first expounded by chairman Mao zadong and later by pt Jawaharlal Nehru. On the basis of these five principles, India and China signed a Bilateral Treaty on 28 may 1954. This Treaty applied these principles with respect to Tibet.
This was followed by formation of similar union called the Warsaw pact made local issues such as korean problem, Vietnam ciris, Congo issue, ect. Became opportunities for both groups to play their fame if convert proxy war. By the 1950s and 1960s, the tug of war between the two power blocs had reached a dangerous level making the third world war a possibility.
Q 3. Discuss the circumferences leading to the formation of the SAARC.
Ans: SAARC stands for South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. SAARC was established in the year 1985. It seeks to hasten the process of economic and social development in its member nations.
South Asia has a shared history, culture, and civilization, but it also witnessed colonial rule, partition, and conflicts. Post-independence, there was a growing recognition among South Asian countries of the need for regional cooperation to address common challenges and promote mutual development. However, after the second World war there occurred a shift in this trend.
Many Regional organisations came up during the post-Second World war period to harmonise relationship among them as well to offer collective security and cooperation in areas such as development of science, agricultural, trade, baking, eradication of diseases, etc. Something the functional jurisdiction of these types of regional organisations remained confined to the territorial limits of a Continent or sub- Continent.
Some of the examples of these types of organisations are:
(i) The organisation of African unity (OAU).
(ii) The organisation of American states (OAS).
(iii) The Arab league, the European Economic Communist (EEC).
(iv) The Latin American free trade area (LAFTA).
(v) The Central African custom Union (CACU).
(vi) The Caribbean free Trade area ( CFTA).
(vii) The The Arab common Market ( ACM).
(viii) The association of the south east Asian nations (ASEAN).
Q 4. Mention the principal Amis and objectives of the SAARC.
Ans: SAARC aims to promote economic growth, social progress and cultural development within the South Asia region. In order to bring about better cooperation and mutual understanding among the countries of the Indian sub-continent seven countries of the region got together and formed an organisation named the south Asian Association for Regional the SAARC was held in Decca, the capital of Bangladesh on December 7-8 1985.
The main aims and principles of this organisation are:
(i) Promote the welfare of the peoples of South Asia and improve their quality of life.
(ii) To accelerated the process of economic and social development through the optimum utilisation of human and material resources.
(iii) Promote and strengthen collective self-reliance among the countries of South Asia.
(iv) Contribute to mutual trust, understanding and appreciation of one another’s problems.
(v) Strengthen co-operation with other developing countries.
(vi) To maintain peace and security among the countries of the region.
(vii) To discuss and implement plans on agriculture, telephone, public health, education, science and technology, woman problem, poverty, etc.
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