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NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 29 Life In The Temperate Grasslands
Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 7 Social Science Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 29 Life In The Temperate Grasslands and After, NCERT Class 7 Social Science Textbook of Our Pasts – II: History, Social and Political Life – II: Civics, Our Environment: Geography. for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Life In The Temperate Grasslands
Chapter: 29
Our Environment [Geography]
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
1. Answer the following questions:
Q.1. What are the Temperate Grasslands of North America called?
Ans: The temperate grasslands of North America are called Prairies.
Q.2. What are the cattle farms in the North American Grasslands known as?
Ans: The cattle farms in the North American Grasslands are called ranches.
Q.3. Name the rivers that drain the Veldts.
Ans: The tributaries of rivers Orange and Limpopo.
Q.4. When is the rainy season in the Veldts?
Ans: The Veldts enjoy rainy season mainly in the summer months from November to February.
Q.5. What is the major occupation of the people of the South African grasslands?
Ans: The major occupation of the people of the South African grasslands is sheep rearing.
2. Tick the correct Answer:
1. River Mississippi drains
(a) Canada.
(b) Africa.
(c) USA.
Ans: (c) USA.
2. Drakensberg Mountains bound the
(a) Prairies.
(b) Veldts.
(c) Pampas.
Ans: (b) Veldts.
3. Merino is a species of
(a) Fish.
(b) Elephant.
(c) Sheep.
Ans: (c) Sheep.
4. Kimberley is famous for.
(a) Diamonds
(b) Silver.
(c) Platinum.
Ans: (a) Diamonds.
3. Match the following:
| (i) Cowboys | (a) Iron and Steel |
| (ii) Gold | (b) Prairies |
| (iii) Kuda | (c) Hot wind |
| (iv) Chinook | (d) Johannesburg |
| (v) Coal | (e) Animal |
Ans:
| (i) Cowboys | (b) Prairies |
| (ii) Gold | (d) Johannesburg |
| (iii) Kudu | (e) Animal |
| (iv) Chinook | (c) Hot wind |
| (v) Coal | (a) Iron and Steel |
4. Give reasons:
1. The Prairies are known as the ‘Granaries of the world’.
Ans: The Prairies are known as the ‘Granaries of the world’ due to the huge surplus of wheat production.
2. Rise of wool industry in the Velds.
Ans: Sheep rearing is the most important occupation in the Velds. Merino sheep is a popular species and their wool is very warm. Sheep is bred and reared mainly for wool. This has given rise to wool industry there.
5. Map Skill:
(i) On an outline map of North America, mark the Rocky Mountains, the Great Lakes, river Mississippi, river Saskatchewan, the cities-Chicago and Winnipeg.
Ans:
6. For Fun:
Make a grass whistle
(i) You will require a blade of grass about 5 cm in length. Be sure to choose the grass blade longer than your thumbs. The thickness of the grass should be about 0.5 to 0.7 cm. Choose the grass that is broad and wide. Narrow blade is difficult to hold. Put your thumbs together as your nails are facing you. Stretch the blade of grass lengthwise between the thumbs and the base of the hand. Your hands should be cupped to create a hollow or a narrow opening between your palms. You should just be able to see the edge of the grass only through the narrow opening. Place your lips over the opening and blow gently into the palm. You may even feel the grass blade vibrating as you blow. As you gradually blow you will hear sound of whistle created by grass.
Ans: Do it yourself.
SOME OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. What is a grassland?
Ans: A region where grasses form the dominant type of plant life is called a grassland.
Q.2. What is the meaning of word Prairie?
Ans: The word Prairie originated from Latin word Priata which means meadow.
Q.3. What are the different names of the temperate grasslands?
Ans: The temperate grasslands are known by different names in different continents – Prairies in North America, Pampas in South America, Steppes in Eurasia, Pustaz in Hungary, Veldt in South Africa and Downs in Australia.
Q.4. Describe the extent of Prairie grassland.
Ans: Prairie grassland is in the middle of the North America continent. Major part lies in the U.S.A. and extends in Canada.
Q.5. What type of soil is found in Grassland?
Ans: Grassland soils are the original soils and have developed from the parent material like limestone, sandstone and shale. They are very deep and therefore are suitable for crop production.
Q.6. Who is a cowboy?
Ans: People who herd cattle or ranches are called cowboy.
Q.7. What do you know about Parkland vegetation?
Ans: Grassland vegetation can be classified into tall, mixed and short grass. This type of vegetation is also known as Parkland vegetation.
Q.8. What are Ranches?
Ans: Cattle are reared in the Prairies in big farms known as Ranches. The horse astride people who look after the cattle are known as cowboys.
Q.9. What lead to the development in Canadian Prairie?
Ans: In the Canadian Prairie region, the introduction of the Canadian Pacific Railway in 1885 led to the development of the region and settlement of people there.
Q.10. State briefly the climatic conditions of Prairies.
Ans: In the western part the climate is very dry, in the eastern part it snows in winter and winds from west melt the snow. In summer and autumn warm winds blow.
Q.11. What are Prairies?
Ans: The temperate grasslands of North America are known as the Prairies.
Q.12. Which Canadian city is called the ‘Gateway of Canadian Prairies’?
Ans: Winnipeg is a modern city and is called the ‘Gateway of Canadian Prairies’.
Q.13. Who were Red Indians?
Ans: The grasslands of Prairies were the home of native Americans often called “Red Indians”.
Q.14. What are Velds?
Ans: The Veldts are the temperate grasslands of South Africa.
Q.15. Who coined by the Dutch settlers of South Africa?
Ans: The name Veldt was coined by the Dutch settlers of South Africa.
Q.16. What do you know about Paddocks?
Ans: An enclosure used specially for pasturing and keeping horses is called Paddocks.
Q.17. Why grasslands were cleared in the Prairies?
Ans: These grasslands were cleared to practise agriculture.
Q.18. Write the importance of Winnipeg.
Ans: Winnipeg is called the ‘Gateway’ of Canadian prairies. It is an important city and railway junction.
Q.19. Which city is known as ‘Gold capital of the world’?
Ans: South Africa is world famous for its rich-gold resources. Johannesburg is called the ‘Gold capital of the World.
Q.20. What are Chinooks?
Ans: Chinook is a hot wind that blows in winter and therefore raises the temperature with- in a short time.
Q.21. Name the animals found in Prairies.
Ans: Bison or the American bull is the most important animal of Prairies. Other animals found here are – rabbits, coyotes, gophers and prairie dog.
Q.22. Name the crops grown in Prairies.
Ans: Major crop of Prairies is maize. Other crops include – potatoes, soyabean, cotton and alfa-alfa.
Q.23. Name the factors which play an important role in the formation of grasslands.
Ans: Climate and type of soil are the two major factors which play an important role in the formation of grasslands.
Q.24. Name the rivers that drain the Prairies.
Ans. Prairies is drained by the tributaries of Mississippi and the tributaries of Saskatchewan rivers.
Q.25. Name the factor that led to the establishment of trade ties of South Africa with Britain.
Ans: Mining of diamond and gold in South Africa led to the establishment of trade ties with Britain.
Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. Describe the location of Prairies.
Ans: The Prairies are located in the Great Plains, with geographic coordinates of 37°N and 97°W to 105°W covering an area of 13,00,000 sq km. They include the states of Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Lowa, South and North Dakota of the United States and Alberta, Saskatchewan and Manitoba of Canada.
Q.2. How is Veld grassland region divided?
Ans: The Veld grassland region is divided into three physiographic divisions.
(i) High-Veld between 1,200 m and 2,500 m,
(ii) Middle-Veld between 600 m and 1200 m.
(iii) Low-Veld between 150 m and 600 m above sea level.
Q.3. By what different name temperate grasslands are known?
Ans: The temperate grasslands are known by different names in different continents – Prairies in North America, Pampas in South America, Steppes in Eurasia, Pustaz in Hungary, Veldt in South Africa and Downs in Australia.
Q.4. Describe the climatic region of the temperate grasslands of North America.
Ans: Temperate grasslands of North America are known as Prairies. The climatic conditions of this region are as follows:
(i) Being located in the heart of a continent, the climate is of continental type with extreme temperatures.
(ii) The summers are warm with temperatures of around 20°C, while in winter -20°C has been recorded in Winnipeg, Canada.
(iii) In winters a thick blanket of snow covers this region.
(iv) The annual rainfall is moderate and is ideal for the growth of grass. Due to the absence of the north-south barrier, a local wind “Chinook” blows here.
Q.5. What do you know about vegetation of Velds?
Ans: The vegetation cover is sparse. Grasses dominate the landscape. Red grass grows in bush Velds. In the high Velds acacia and maroola are seen to be growing.
Q.6.Give reason for each of the following:
(i) Prairies have moderate rainfall.
Ans: Prairies have moderate rainfall due to the rainshadow effect.
(ii) Grassland soils are very deep.
Ans: Grassland soils are the original soils and have developed from the parent material like limestone, sandstone and shale. They are very deep and therefore are very suitable for crop production.
Q.7. Describe the location and surrounding of Velds.
Ans: (i) The Velds lies in the Southern Hemisphere.
(ii) The Velds is bound by the Drakensberg mountains on the east.
(iii) Kalahari deserts lies to the west of the Velds.
(iv) High-Velds are located on the north-eastern part.
Q.8. Describe the economic activities carried by the people of Prairies.
Ans: The people in Prairies have two major occupations – dairy farming and Coral agriculture. Wheat production is also done here at an extensive form with modern technology and equipment.
Q.9. What type of climate is experienced by Prairies? Give reasons for the same.
Ans: Prairies experience continental type of climate with extreme temperatures. This is so because, Prairies is located in the heart of a continent.
Q.10. Name the trees grown in Prairies.
Ans: Prairies are practically tree less. Where water is available, trees such as willows, alders and poplars grow.
Q.11. Why is Prairies regarded as the most industrialized region in the world?
Ans: Prairies is regarded as the most industrialized region in the world because of the following reasons:
(a) Large mineral deposits particularly coal and iron are found here.
(b) Availability of a good network of roads, railways and canal in the Prairies.
Q.12. Name two factors that promote setting up of food processing industries in Prairies.
Ans: Dairy farming and extensive agriculture promote setting up of food processing industries.
Q.13. What type of wildlife in found in the Veld?
Ans: Wildlife in Veld includes animals such as – lions, leopards, cheetah and kudu.
Q.14. Why is agriculture not an important occupation in the Velds?
Ans: As soils are not very fertile in the Velds due to the presence of discontinuous grasses exposing barren surface, agriculture is not an important occupation in the velds.
Long Answer Type Questions
Q.1. Write a brief note on Life of the People of Temperate grasslands.
Ans: Temperate grasslands are located in the mid-latitudes. There are six large areas of temperate grasslands namely Pampas of South America, Velds of Africa, Prairies of North America, Canterbury plains of New Zealand and Murray-Darling basin of Australia. People of temperate grassland practise livestock farming and cereal farming. Dairy farming and cattle ranching are prevalent because of the presence of huge amount of grasses. It is more famous in New Zealand. In many places like in Australia, wheat-sheep farming is practised.
Q.2. Veld of South Africa gets moderate rainfall. Explain.
Ans: The vast grasslands have a continental type of climate. Temperature varies between 15°C and 25°C. Rainfall decreases westward and the annual rainfall is between 350 and 750 mm. The south and south-west have winter rainfall. Hence the Veld region of South Africa forms the eastern half of the plateau and receives moderate rainfall.
Q.3. What are Prairies and Velds? List their similarities and differences.
Ans: Prairies are the temperate grasslands of North America while Velds are the temperate grasslands situated in South Africa.
Similarities:
(i) Dry climate, most of the rainfall occurs in summer.
(ii) Restoration of ecology through human efforts.
Differences:
(i) In Prairies and Velds seasons opposite each other.
(ii) Tall, mixed and short grasses are found in Prairies but Rangeland grasses are found in Velds.
Q.4. What do you know about the climatic conditions of Velds?
Ans: (i) Velds experiences mild climate due to influence of Indian climate.
(ii) Winters are cold and dry. During winter temperature vary between 5°C to 10°C.
(iii) Summers are short and warm.
(iv) Velds receives most of the rainfall in the months from November to February.
Q.5. Explain the flora and fauna of the Velds.
Ans: Flora and fauna of velds:
(i) The vegetation cover is sparse.
(ii) Grasses dominate the landscape. Red grass grows in the bush Velds.
(iii) In the high Velds, acacia and marcoola are seen to be growing.
(iv) The main animals of the Velds are primarily lions, leopards, cheetah and kudu.
Q.6. What factors support large scale farming in the Prairies?
Ans: Factors that support large scale farming in the Prairies are:
(a) Light rainfall of over 50 cms are ideal for growing crops.
(b) Scientific method of cultivation and use of tractors, harvesters and combines have made North America a surplus food producer.
(c) Soil, here is very fertile.
Q.7. “Velds have rich reserve of minerals.” Justify the statement.
Ans: Yes, it is true that Velds have rich reserve of minerals. This can be seen because of the following evidences:
(a) Iron and Steel industry has developed where coal and iron are present.
(b) Gold and diamond mining are major occupations of people of this region. Johannesburg is known for being the gold capital of the world.
(c) Kimberley is famous for its diamond mines.
(d) Velds has a well developed network of transport.
Higher Order Thinking Skill
Q.1. Why is South Africa known as ‘Gold country of the world’?
Ans: South Africa is known as gold country of the world because gold and diamond mining is the major occupation of the people.
Q.2. Justify the statement, ‘The Prairies are highly productive regions when it comes to conventional forms of agriculture and cattle rearing.’
Ans: (i) In the American Prairies, wheat is the major crop. It is grown in winter and harvested in summer. While in the Canadian Prairies it is sown in summers and harvested in August.
(ii) In the western part of the Prairies, animal rearing is the chief occupation because of its dry climate.
(iii) The domesticated animals including the Bison, deer and antelopes.
(iv) Canadian grasslands are famous for beef production.
(v) Besides this, poultry and dairy farming is also done.
(vi) Dairy farming is a major industry.
Q.3. “The Prairies of North America are very important region of the world”. Justify the statement by giving four examples.
Ans: (i) The people of this region are very hardworking. They have successfully harnessed technology to utilise their rich natural resources. Two of the most developed countries in the world – the USA and Canada are located in this region.
(ii) Scientific methods of cultivation and use of tractors, harvesters and combines has made North America a surplus food producer. The Prairies are also known as the “Granaries of the world,” due to the huge surplus of wheat production.
(iii) Dairy farming is another major industry. The dairy belt extends from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Coast in the east. Dairy farming and extensive agriculture both promote setting up of food processing industries.
(iv) Large mineral deposits particularly coal and iron and a good network of roads, railways and canals in this region have made it the most industrialised region in the world.
Value Based Questions
Q.1. Prairies and Velds situated in different region of world. Which four values according to you differentiate between them. Prepare a chart to distinguish between them.
Ans: These values are:
(i) Their Geographical location.
(ii) Their flora and fauna.
(iii) Their flora and fauna.
(iv) Occupation of the people.
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Multiple Choice Questions:
Choose the correct option:
1. Prairies because has an extreme climate because _______.
(a) It is located close to the equator.
(b) It is located in the interior.
(c) It is located on a higher altitude.
(d) It is located close to poles.
Ans: (b) It is located in the interior.
2. The Prairies are found in _______.
(a) The USA and Canada.
(b) South Africa.
(c) Australia.
(d) Brazil.
Ans: (a) The USA and Canada.
3.The Prairies are also known as _______.
(a) Granary of the world.
(b) Roof of the world.
(c) Meat factory of the world.
(d) Industrial region of South Africa.
Ans: (a) Granary of the world.
4. Which one of the following cities is not situated in American Prairies?
(a) Calgary.
(b) Kansas.
(c) Denver.
(d) Chicago.
Ans: (a) Calgary.
5. The temperate grasslands of South Africa are called the _______.
(a) Pampas.
(b) Velds.
(c) Prairies.
(d) Steppes.
Ans: (b) Velds.
6. The Drakensberg mountain lies to the ______ of the veld.
(a) West.
(b) South.
(c) East.
(d) North.
Ans: (c) East.
7. A Kudu is a kind of _______.
(a) Antelope found in the Veldt.
(b) Bird found in the Veldt.
(c) Buffalo found in the Prairie.
(d) Tree found in the Prairie.
Ans: (a) Antelope found in the Veldt.
8. What is Kimberly famous for?
(a) Gold.
(b) Silver.
(c) Diamond.
(d) Platinum.
Ans: (c) Diamond.
II. Fill in the blanks:
1. The Prairie originated from a _______ word Priata which means _______.
Ans: Latin, meadow.
2. The Prairies are bounded by the _______ in the west and ______ in the east..
Ans: Rocks mountains, Great Lakes.
3. ______ is a machine which sow, plough and work as a thresher all by itself.
Ans: Combine.
4. The important cities in Canadian Prairies are _______, _______, _______and winni peg.
Ans: Edmunton, Saskatoon, Calgary.
5. Large cattle farms are called _______.
Ans: Ranches.
6. The grasslands of Prairies were the home of ______.
Ans: American Indians.
III. Look at the given picture and answer the questions that follows:
1. Identify and name this animal.
Ans: Bison or the American Buffalo.
2. Where it is found?
Ans: In the Prairies of North America.
3. Why it was on nearly extinct?
Ans: This animal was nearly got extinct due its indiscriminate hunting. Now its a protected animal.
4. Name two other animals found in the region mentioned by you also.
Ans: Rabbits, Coyotes, Gophers and Prairie dog.
