NCERT Class 7 English Chapter 5 Travel and Adventure

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NCERT Class 7 English Chapter 5 Travel and Adventure

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Travel and Adventure

Chapter: 5

A HOMAGE TO OUR BRAVE SOLDIERS

LET US DO THESE ACTIVITIES BEFORE WE READ

I. Homage means ‘something that is said or done to show respect publicly for someone’. Whom should every Indian pay homage to? Share your answers with your classmates and the teacher. 

Ans: Every Indian should pay homage to the brave soldiers who defend the nation’s borders, protect the country’s sovereignty, and make the ultimate sacrifice for the safety and security of their fellow citizens.

II. Work in pairs to complete the table by writing any three ways in which we can celebrate the victories and honour the sacrifices of the soldiers. An example has been done for you. Share your answers with your classmates and the teacher.

Ans:

I. Complete the table given below. An example has been done for you. Check your answers with the teacher.

Ans: 

II. Find the paragraph(s) and sentences in the text that evoke the feelings given below. 

(i) Feeling of wonder.

Ans: “I was awestruck and humbled by his bravery.”

2. Heartening.

Ans: “It was heartening to know that our government has recognised the sacrifice of brave soldiers.”

3. Sense of motivation.

Ans: “It motivated me to live a life worthy of the sacrifices of our heroes.”

4. Pride.

Ans: “It truly is a majestic site that filled me with pride for our nation.”

5. Visually inspiring.

Ans: “The lighting design is planned in such a way that it transforms the monument’s landscape as sunlight changes from dawn to dusk.”

6. Sadness.

Ans: “It was sad to think about the massive devastation and loss of life caused by wars.”

7. Gratitude.

Ans: “The freedom and security we enjoy today is because of the many brave men and women who have served in the Indian Armed Forces over decades.”

8. Inspiration.

Ans: “I aspire to be courageous like him when I join the army!”

III. Which is India’s highest gallantry award? 

Ans: Param Vir Chakra (PVC).

IV. How would Ananda feel after reading this letter?

Ans: Ananda would feel a deep sense of pride, gratitude, and inspiration after reading the letter. The letter would also evoke emotions of respect and admiration for the brave soldiers who sacrificed their lives for the nation.

V. Do you think Soumya enjoyed writing this letter? Why or why not?

Ans: Yes, Soumya definitely enjoyed writing the letter. The excitement and passion in her words show that she was deeply moved and inspired by the visit to the National War Memorial. She felt proud of the bravery displayed by Indian soldiers and wanted to share her feelings and experiences with her friend Ananda.

I. Why was Ananda reminded of the poem ‘Pushp ki Abhilasha’? 

Ans: Ananda was reminded of the poem ‘Pushp ki Abhilasha’ while visiting the War Memorial in Chandigarh, where people were offering flowers to honor the soldiers, symbolizing the desire of flowers to be placed on the path where brave soldiers walk.

II. How does Soumya’s letter help Ananda in pursuing her hobby? 

Ans: Soumya’s letter came with an envelope that had a beautiful stamp celebrating India’s independence, which added to Ananda’s stamp collection, a hobby she enjoys.

III. Ananda is inspired to act after reading the letter from Soumya. What actions does she intend to take up? Fill in the table citing the sentences from the text.

Ans:

I. Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow.

1. You can see the obelisk surrounded by wreaths that have been placed as a mark of respect. The lighting design is planned in such a way that it transforms the monument’s landscape as sunlight changes from dawn to dusk. It truly is a majestic site that filled me with pride for our nation. I was also overwhelmed by the interminable flame as a metaphor for eternal stories of courage and valour.

(i) Complete the analogy with a word from the extract. f lame: valour:: wreath: ______________.

Ans: Respect.

(ii) How does the lighting design make the monument visually appealing? 

Ans: The lighting design is planned to transform the monument’s landscape as sunlight changes from dawn to dusk, creating a majestic and ever-changing visual effect throughout the day.

(iii) State whether the following sentence is a fact or an opinion. It truly is a majestic site… 

Ans: True.

(iv) What does the everlasting flame suggest? 

Ans: The everlasting flame suggests eternal stories of courage and valour, symbolizing the lasting remembrance of the sacrifices made by soldiers.

(v) Choose the correct option to complete the sentence:

The tone of the writer in this extract is ______________.

(a) Modest.

(b) Light-hearted.

(c) Admiring.

(d) Nostalgic.

Ans: (c) Admiring.

2. I was happy to hear that you got an opportunity to visit the National War Memorial. I have heard a lot about it. Some people might see a war memorial as just a monument, statue, an edifice to celebrate a war or victory and commemorate those who sacrificed their lives or got injured in the war. In my view, it is also an expression of deep gratitude for the supreme sacrifice made by our brave soldiers defending the sovereignty and integrity of the country.

(i) Choose a line from the extract which shows that Ananda was aware about the National War Memorial.

Ans: “I have heard a lot about it.”

(ii) What might be the most likely reason for people to consider a war memorial as a monument?

Ans: People might consider a war memorial as a monument because it serves as a statue or an edifice that commemorates a war or victory and honors those who sacrificed their lives or got injured.

(iii) Fill in the blank with a suitable word from the extract.

We conduct special competitions at school to ______________ our Independence day.

Ans: Celebrate.

(iv) Select a phrase from the extract showing that Ananda is expressing an opinion.

Ans: “In my view” shows that Ananda is expressing an opinion.

(v) Complete the sentence with a suitable reason.

Ananda refers to the sacrifice of soldiers as ‘supreme’ sacrifice because ____________.

Ans: Ananda refers to the sacrifice of soldiers as ‘supreme’ sacrifice because it was made for the defense of the country’s sovereignty and integrity.

II. Answer the following questions.

1. What is the significance of the National War Memorial?

Ans: The importance of the National War Memorial is to honour the sacrifices of the martyred soldiers of our country. This memorial reminds us of the brave soldiers who sacrificed their lives to protect the country. This memorial not only helps in understanding the value of freedom but also inspires the coming generations with the spirit of patriotism.

2. Lance Naik Albert Ekka is an example of selflessness, determination, and exceptional courage. Elaborate.

Ans: Lance Naik Albert Ekka displayed amazing courage while attacking the strong fort of enemies at Gangasagar. Despite being seriously injured, he disabled the enemy’s machine gun and provided a way for his comrades to move forward. His self-sacrifice and courage reflect his loyalty and dedication to the nation. He was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra for his bravery.

3. Explain how the National War Memorial and Museum app will be helpful in spreading awareness about war heroes.

Ans: The National War Memorial and Museum App is an interactive platform that provides information in 21 languages. This app presents the stories of valor of war heroes in digital form, which makes the younger generation and the general public aware of the sacrifices of our soldiers. It also offers a virtual tour of the memorial so that more and more people can connect with it.

4. Why is it our duty to pay homage to our brave soldiers?

Ans: Our brave soldiers give their all for the security of the country. It is because of their valor and sacrifice that we are able to enjoy freedom. Remembering the sacrifice of the soldiers and paying tribute to them is our duty as well as a symbol of our respect and gratitude. It also gives us the message to pass on the story of their sacrifice and courage to the next generation.

5. What is the main idea of this text? How does it justify the title, ‘A Homage to our Brave Soldiers’?

Ans: The main idea of this lesson is to remember the sacrifice of the soldiers and pay respect to them.  This lesson explains how our brave soldiers sacrificed their lives for the security of the country. The National War Memorial pays tribute to the brave soldiers who sacrificed their lives while protecting the motherland. Hence the title ‘Tribute to Our Brave Soldiers’ is perfectly apt.

6. Why were the students awestruck and humbled? Explain in your own words.

Ans: The students were amazed and humbled on hearing the stories of valour of the martyred soldiers at the National War Memorial. When they saw thousands of names dedicated to the sacrifice of the soldiers and came to know about the Veerta Chakras, they felt a sense of pride as well as deep humility in their hearts. These stories not only inspired them but also made them realise how great the value of freedom is.

Study the following words taken from the text.

Disregard, inconsequential, immortal, undaunted.

These words are made by adding word beginnings like dis-, in-, im- and un to the root words regard, consequence, mortal, and daunt respectively. Such word beginnings are called prefixes.

• Dis-+regard.

• Im-+mortal.

• In-+consequential.

• Un-+daunted.

I. Match the prefixes with their meanings and the root words to create a new word in the table given below. An example has been done for you.

Ans:

Now, complete the paragraph by using the new words created in the table. 

Soldiers undergo (i) extraordinary training to prepare for their challenging duties. They learn to (ii) ____________ explosives and handle (iii) ____________ equipment with precision. They stand as a powerful force against (iv) ____________ elements, displaying (v) ____________ bravery. (vi)________ members often share their experiences to inspire new recruits. Their service can continually (vii) ____________ the essence of commitment and sacrifice.

Ans: Soldiers undergo (i) extraordinary training to prepare for their challenging duties. They learn to (ii) reactivate explosives and handle (iii) malfunctioning equipment with precision. They stand as a powerful force against (iv) anti elements, displaying (v) undaunted bravery. (vi) Ex members often share their experiences to inspire new recruits. Their service can continually (vii) questionable the essence of commitment and sacrifice.

II. Find words associated with ‘brave’ by filling in the missing vowels in the boxes given below.

Ans: (i) Courageous.

(ii) Valiant.

(iii) Vulnerable.

(iv) Gallant.

(v) Fearless.

(vi) Bold.

(vii) Daring.

(viii) Undaunted.

III. Fill in the blanks with the correct opposite words of ‘brave’ from the box to complete the following sentences.

1. Ajay’s ____________ refusal to stand up for his friend was disappointing to everyone. 

Ans: Cowardly.

2. The ____________ child hid behind his mother, too scared to meet the new teacher.

Ans: Timid.

3. Anjali’s ____________ of heights prevented her from climbing the tall ladder. 

Ans: Fear.

4. Sushma felt ____________ as she entered the dark, abandoned building alone.

Ans: Afraid.

IV. Read the following sentences from the text and divide them into two parts. An example has been done for you.

1. I aspire to be courageous like him when I join the army!.

Ans:

2. They exchange letters and share their feelings of gratitude for the freedom they enjoy because of the sacrifices made by the bravehearts of the country. 

Ans:

3. Though seriously wounded in this encounter, he continued to fight alongside his comrades. 

Ans:

4. The sacrifices of the soldiers make monuments like the National War Memorial extremely important so that we should never forget the cost of freedom.

Ans: 

V. Combine the following pairs of sentences using suitable subordinating conjunctions given in the box below.

1. Wasi burst into tears. He heard the good news.

Ans: Wasi burst into tears when he heard the good news.

2. Himani was very nervous. She delivered a great presentation. 

Ans: Though Himani was very nervous, she delivered a great presentation.

3. This is the place. I was born.

Ans: This is the place where I was born.

4. The students performed very well. They studied diligently.

Ans: The students performed very well because they studied diligently.

5. Water the plants. They will die.

Ans: Unless you water the plants, they will die.

VI. Complete the following sentences with suitable main clause or subordinate clause. 

1. Farheen was late to work because __________. 

Ans: Farheen was late to work because her alarm did not go off.

2. The dog started barking when ______________.

Ans: The dog started barking when it saw a stranger at the gate. 

3. She completed the marathon although ______________.

Ans: She completed the marathon although she was feeling exhausted.

4. _____________ while they were hiking in the mountains. 

Ans: They spotted a rare bird while they were hiking in the mountains.

5. Abhishek received a promotion after ______________. 

Ans: Abhishek received a promotion after completing the critical project successfully.

6. ______________ before the deadline approached. 

Ans: They finished the assignment before the deadline approached.

7. We waited in the car until ______________. 

Ans: We waited in the car until the rain stopped.

8. ______________ as the waves rushed to the shore. 

Ans: The children laughed with joy as the waves rushed to the shore.

1. Work in pairs and identify the different professions displayed in the picture. 

Ans: (i) Carpenter.

(ii) Musician/Drummer.

(iii) Pilot.

(iv) Farmer.

(v) Farmer.

(vi) Doctor.

(vii) Artist/Painter.

(viii) Chef.

(ix) Dancer.

2. Imagine that you dream of or wish to pursue some of these professions and vocations. Take turns to express this along with a reason. Do not forget to include what preparation would be required to fulfill the dream. Speak about all the given professions and vocations.

Use the prompts given below.

• I would like to become… because… For this I would have to first…

• I dream of working as a… as… This would involve…

• To become a… has been a childhood dream. This is so because…In order to become a… I would have to…

• One day, I hope to become… Then I would be able to… However, first I would need to…

• It would be great if I could work as… as it would let me… For this I would have to…

Ans: I would like to become a doctor because I want to help people stay healthy and save lives. For this, I would have to first complete my medical education, including an MBBS degree, and then undergo internship and residency in a hospital to gain practical experience.

You have read about the sacrifices made by the Armed Forces during war. However, the Armed Forces also play a key role during peace time. Write a letter to your friend sharing how the Armed Forces contribute their services during the times of natural calamities (floods, earthquakes, etc.), infrastructure development (building bridges in remote areas, etc.) and for welfare initiatives (medical camps, establishment of libraries, etc.) 

Ans: House No. 12, Sector 4

New Delhi

15 May 20XX

Dear Ananda,

I hope you are doing well! I recently thought about how the Armed Forces not only protect us during wars but also serve during peacetime. They play a vital role during natural disasters like floods and earthquakes by rescuing people and providing medical aid. They also build bridges in remote areas, improving connectivity. Moreover, they conduct welfare initiatives like medical camps and set up libraries for communities.

Their dedication goes beyond just defending the nation, and we owe them immense respect for their selfless service. Take care, Soumya.

I. Complete the summary with an exact word from the poem. An example has been done for you. Share your answers with your classmates and the teacher. 

The poem is a tribute to the soldiers of the 1. land who defend the 2. _____________ of their country. It highlights their untiring commitment and sacrifices as they guard the nation. The soldiers remain vigilant and dedicated, whether it’s windy, snowy, or 3. _____________ hot. They walk on 4. _____________ stretches of land like the yogis. Their duty takes them to different terrains, including mountains, valleys, 5. _____________, and marshes. The poet acknowledges that they have given a major part of their 6. ______________ to protect the nation. The poet says the wind chimes show their respect to the soldiers’ 7. _____________. The poet concludes with prayers for their well-being and blessings. 

Ans: The poem is a tribute to the soldiers of the 1. land who defend the 2. borders of their country. It highlights their untiring commitment and sacrifices as they guard the nation. The soldiers remain vigilant and dedicated, whether it’s windy, snowy, or 3. scorching hot. They walk on 4. lonely stretches of land like the yogis. Their duty takes them to different terrains, including mountains, valleys, 5. deserts, and marshes. The poet acknowledges that they have given a major part of their 6. youth to protect the nation. The poet says the wind chimes show their respect to the soldiers’ 7. feat. The poet concludes with prayers for their well-being and blessings.

II. Select the correct option for the following questions.

1. The theme of the poem is ____________.

(i) Patriotism and sacrifice.

(ii) Heroism and awareness.

(iii) Nature and hardship.

(iv) Seasons and terrains.

Ans: (i) Patriotism and sacrifice.

2. The tone of the poem is ____________. 

(i) Admiring.

(ii) Sad. 

(iii) Respectful.

(iv) Grateful.

(v) Prayerful.

(a) Only (v).

(b) (i) and (iii).

(c) (ii), (iii) and (v).

(d) (i), (iii), (iv) and (v).

Ans: (d) (i), (iii), (iv), and (v).

III. Complete the following sentences by explaining why the poet has used the following poetic devices.

1. Imagery because _______________. 

Ans: To create vivid pictures of soldiers enduring harsh conditions.

2. Simile because the soldiers are likened to _____________. 

Ans: The soldiers are likened to yogis, showing their endurance.

3. Metaphor because the poet uses wind chimes ________________. 

Ans: Wind chimes symbolize respect for the soldiers’ bravery.

4. Repetition of the words ‘you’ and ‘we’ because _________________. 

Ans: Emphasizes unity and collective gratitude towards soldiers.

5. Alliteration such as ‘season or snowy’ and ______________ to create ______________. 

Ans: Phrases like “season or snowy” create a rhythmic effect.

I. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow.

When we are all asleep,

You still hold on to your deed,

Windy season or snowy days,

Or scorching sun’s sweltering rays,

You are there guarding all the time awake,

Treading the lonely expanses as yogis.

1. Identify a set of opposite words from the extract. 

Ans: Asleep and awake.

2. Complete the sentence appropriately. The phrase ‘still hold on to your deed’ refers to the soldier’s attitude of ______________.

Ans: The phrase ‘still hold on to your deed’ refers to the soldier’s attitude of perseverance and commitment.

3. Identify whether the following statement is true or false.

The soldiers walk across the deserted stretches of land.

Ans: True.

4. Give evidence from the extract to show that soldiers face harsh weather conditions.

Ans: The extract mentions “Windy season or snowy days, or scorching sun’s sweltering rays” as harsh weather conditions faced by soldiers.

5. Which quality of the soldiers is highlighted in this extract?

(i) Modesty.

(ii) Optimism.

(iii) Simplicity. 

(iv) Dedication.

Ans: (iv) Dedication.

II. Answer the following questions.

1. Who is the speaker of this poem? How can you say so?

Ans: The speaker of this poem is a patriotic person who is expressing deep respect and reverence for the soldiers of his country. The poem clearly shows a sense of gratitude and prayer towards the soldiers. Its author is Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, who often gave importance to patriotism and service in his works.

2. How is the theme of the poem conveyed through imagery? Support your answer with examples from the poem.

Ans: The theme of the poem revolves around the bravery and sacrifice of soldiers, conveyed effectively through vivid imagery.

For example:

(i) “Windy season or snowy days or scorching sun’s sweltering rays” – This line portrays the soldiers’ unwavering vigilance despite harsh weather conditions.

(ii) “Treading the lonely expanses as yogis” – This line symbolizes how soldiers, like meditative yogis, endure isolation while performing their duties.

(iii) “Climbing the heights or striding the valleys” – This line highlights the soldiers’ ability to face challenges in diverse terrains.

3. How does the poet highlight the commitment of the soldiers? Provide examples from the poem to support your answer. 

Ans: The poet highlights the unwavering commitment of the soldiers through various examples:

(i) “When we are all asleep, you still hold on to your deed” – This line shows that while the nation rests, soldiers remain vigilant and steadfast in their duty.

(ii) “You are there guarding all the time awake” – This line emphasizes that soldiers are always alert and dedicated to protecting the nation.

(iii) “Prime of your youth given to the nation!!” – This line signifies that soldiers dedicate the most precious phase of their lives to serving the country.

4. What is the significance of the line ‘Prime of your youth given to the nation!!’ with reference to sacrifice and service?

Ans: This line symbolizes the great sacrifice and service of the soldiers. Soldiers devote the most precious time of their youth, which is usually meant for family and personal life, to protect the country. The spirit of sacrifice and selfless service of the soldiers has been highlighted in this line.

5. The poem ends with a prayer for the soldiers’ well-being and blessings. Why is it important for each one of us to pray for the well being of soldiers?

Ans: Soldiers work day and night to protect the security and peace of our country. They perform their duties even in difficult circumstances. It is our duty to express gratitude towards their sacrifice and service. Praying for their health and safety is a symbol of our gratitude and respect. Apart from this, this prayer also reminds us how important the contribution of soldiers is behind our happy and safe life.

I. The poem mentions a few terrains (physical features of land)—valleys, deserts, and marshes. Identify the terrains from the box given below. There are two that you do not need.

Ans: Mountains and Plateau.

II. Study the following phrases from the poem. 

• Treading the lonely expanses. 

• Scorching sun. 

• Climbing the heights. 

Such phrases are word pairs that come together in combinations and are called collocations. 

Fill in the blanks by choosing the words given in the brackets that collocate appropriately. 

1. The hikers reached the ____________ (summit/peak) of the mountain after several days of trekking through challenging conditions. 

Ans: The hikers reached the summit of the mountain after several days of trekking through challenging conditions.

2. The ____________ (empty/barren) landscape of the desert made it nearly impossible to find any water sources. 

Ans: The barren landscape of the desert made it nearly impossible to find any water sources.

3. In the rainforest, the ____________ (heavy/dense) forest provides a habitat for a diverse range of wildlife. 

Ans: In the rainforest, the dense forest provides a habitat for a diverse range of wildlife.

4. Chitra is a very ____________ (heroic/adventurous) person and enjoys mountain climbing. 

Ans: Chitra is a very adventurous person and enjoys mountain climbing.

5. I’ll try to get back in time, but I’m not ____________ (doing/making) any promises.

Ans: I’ll try to get back in time, but I’m not making any promises.

I. An acrostic poem is the one in which the first letter of each line spells out a word, name or phrase when read vertically. Read the example given below and compose your own acrostic poem. 

Ans: Proud of motherland.

Serving with courage and pride.

Always alert I stand.

Oath to protect, never to hide.

Loyalty runs through my hand.

Defending the nation’s grace.

In battle, I never back down.

Every challenge I will face.

Resilience, my name and crown. 

II. We cannot thank our soldiers enough. To express your admiration, draft a note of gratitude for their selfless service to the nation. (Word limit: 50 words) 

You may begin this way: 

Dear Bravehearts, 

I would like to…

Ans: Dear Bravehearts,

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude for your unwavering dedication and courage. Your selfless service to protect our nation, enduring harsh conditions and putting your lives at risk, inspires us every day. We are forever indebted to you for safeguarding our freedom and peace.

Thank you!

I. Match the words in Column 1 with their meanings in Column 2. 

Share your answers with your classmates and the teacher.

Ans:

II. Complete the table given below based on your understanding of the story. An example has been done for you. Share your answers with your classmates and the teacher.

Ans:

I. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow. 

Portuguese envoy: Our Governor has sent me to remind you that the annual tribute from Ullal is long overdue and… 

Rani Abbakka: We are a sovereign country. We don’t pay tribute to Portugal. And we don’t take orders from the Portuguese! 

Portuguese envoy: Your Majesty, you will regret your stand. 

Abbakka ordered merchant ships to be built and in alliance with the Zamorin of Kozhikode, she defied the Portuguese and established a hugely profitable trading relation with Arabia. 

1. What does the word ‘tribute’ mean in this context? 

Ans: In this context, ‘tribute’ means a payment made by a weaker state (Ullal) to a more powerful state (Portugal) as a sign of submission or allegiance.

2. Complete the sentence with a suitable reason.

Rani Abbakka says, “We are a sovereign country” because __________. 

Ans: Rani Abbakka says, “We are a sovereign country” because she believed in Ullal’s independence and did not recognize Portugal’s authority over her kingdom.

3. Identify whether the following statement is true or false. 

The Portuguese envoy threatened Rani Abbakka. 

Ans: True.

4. Choose a word given in brackets to replace the underlined word. “… she defied the Portuguese and established a hugely profitable trading relation with Arabia.” (defeated/disobeyed).

Ans: Disobeyed.

5. Choose the option that lists the qualities of Rani Abbakka, based on this extract.

(i) Bold. 

(ii) Thoughtful. 

(iii) Capable.

(iv) Generous.

(v) Determined.

(a) (i), (ii), and (v).

(b) (ii), (iii), and (iv).

(c) (i), (iii), and (v).

(d) (ii), (iv), and (v). 

Ans: (c) (i), (iii), and (v).

II. Answer the following questions.

1. Rani Abbakka spoke to her mother on her deathbed. How might these words have made her mother feel? 

Ans: Rani Abbakka’s last words would have filled her mother with pride and satisfaction. Hearing her daughter’s bravery and unflinching resolve to protect the kingdom, the mother would have felt confident that Abbakka had kept up the family’s heroic tradition.

2. What does the support of the people of Ullal and the soldiers for Rani Abbakka suggest about their mindset? 

Ans: The support of the people and soldiers of Ullal to Rani Abbakka reflects their determination, unity and patriotism. It shows that they believed in the queen’s leadership and shared her determination to protect their motherland.

3. How might the people of Ullal have felt when the mighty Portuguese were defeated? 

Ans: When the mighty Portuguese were defeated, the people of Ullal would have felt immense pride, joy and satisfaction.  This victory boosted their confidence and further strengthened their faith in the leadership of Rani Abbakka.

4. Why do you think Rani Abbakka’s victory against the Portuguese would have inspired other rulers to go against a foreign power?

Ans: Rani Abbakka’s victory against the Portuguese proved that foreign powers can be defeated. This victory became an inspiration for other rulers, giving them confidence that they too can face foreign invaders with their courage and unity.

I. Study the following words from the text.

Seize, sovereign, their, soldiers.

The spelling of the given words have ‘ei’ and ‘ie’ in them.

Spelling tip: ‘i’ before ‘e’ except after ‘c’.

For example: receive, deceive.

Now, fill in the blanks with ‘ie’ or ‘ei’ for the following words.

1. C___ling.

Ans: Ceiling.

2. Bel___ve.

Ans: Believe.

3. Th___f

Ans: Thief.

4. Ach___ve.

Ans: Achieve.

5. Perc___ve.

Ans: Perceive.

6. Prot___n.

Ans: Protein.

7. Soc___ty.

Ans: Society.

8. Sh___ld.

Ans: Shield.

9. W___ght.

Ans: Weight.

10. Fr___nd.

Ans: Friend.

II. Study the highlighted word in the following sentence from the text. 

…; and Bangadi too may have to face their wrath. 

Was the initial letter ‘w’ pronounced? 

There are many words in the English language where certain letters are not pronounced but are spelt. They are called ‘silent letters’. 

For example: 

Campaign, knowledge, pneumonia, honour, calm.

Now, find more words with silent letters.

Ans: (i) Honest (silent ‘h’).

(ii) Knee (silent ‘k’).

(iii) Knife (silent ‘k’).

(iv) Wrist (silent ‘w’).

(v) Hour (silent ‘h’).

(vi) Castle (silent ‘t’).

(vii) Half (silent ‘l’).

(viii) Knock (silent ‘k’).

(ix) Debt (silent ‘b’).

(x) Silent (silent ‘t’ in fast speech).

Rewrite the following sentences in direct speech to indirect speech. Remember to make the necessary changes. 

1. The teacher said, “Women of valour have made significant contributions throughout history.” The teacher remarked that _______________.

Ans: The teacher remarked that women of valour had made significant contributions throughout history.

2. “I enjoy reading historical novels,” said Smitha. Smitha shared that _____________.

Ans: Smitha shared that she enjoyed reading historical novels.

3. The captain said to the coach, “Our team won the championship last year.” The captain told the coach that ______________.

Ans: The captain told the coach that their team had won the championship the previous year.

4. The class teacher said, “Please turn off the lights when you leave.” The class teacher requested ____________.

Ans: The class teacher requested to turn off the lights when they left.

5. “Finish the work before dinner,” said mother to Ravi. Mother advised ______________.

Ans: Mother advised Ravi to finish the work before dinner.

6. The vet said to the pet owner, “Take the dog for a walk.” The vet instructed _______________.

Ans: The vet instructed the pet owner to take the dog for a walk.

V. Read the conversation between the Captain and the team. 

Captain : We need to focus on our strategy for the final match. 

Player : I have some ideas on how we can improve our strategy. 

Captain : Make sure to share those ideas with the team during practice. 

Complete the following paragraph by transforming the dialogue in the indirect form of speech. 

The Captain remarked that 1. _______________. To which one of the players replied that 2. _______________. The Captain advised the player to 3. _______________. 

Ans: The Captain remarked that they needed to focus on their strategy for the final match. To which one of the players replied that he had some ideas on how they could improve their strategy. The Captain advised the player to share those ideas with the team during practice.

You will listen to the teacher speak about a braveheart. As you listen, complete the bio-table given below. (Transcript for the teacher on pg. 224)

Ans: 

India’s past was heroic, and at present, the pace of her development is inspiring. Women play a significant role in it. These women are around us, inspiring us all the time. With these thoughts, write a conversation between two students, Pratap and Tarana, discussing the role played by women in forming India’s identity as a strong nation.

You may begin like this:

Pratap : Tarana, I have a lot of respect for women like…

Tarana : I believe in the capabilities of women. Did you…?

Complete the conversation in about six to eight sentences for each of them and share your answers with your classmates and the teacher.

Ans: Pratap: Tarana, I have a lot of respect for women like Rani Abbakka and Rani Gaidinliu who fought bravely to protect our country. They are true inspirations for all of us.

Tarana: I believe in the capabilities of women. Did you know that women today are also excelling in science, politics, and sports? It’s amazing how they balance multiple roles.

Pratap: Absolutely! I recently read about Mary Kom and Kalpana Chawla. Their achievements make me proud. Women truly shape our nation’s identity.

Tarana: Yes, and women like Sudha Murthy and Tessy Thomas are making remarkable contributions in literature and defense technology. They prove that women can succeed in any field.

Pratap: True. It’s important to support and encourage women to take leadership roles. Their success stories motivate many young minds.

Tarana: Exactly! I think schools should highlight the achievements of women more often to inspire both boys and girls.

Pratap: That’s a great idea. Celebrating women’s achievements will help build a more respectful and equal society.

In groups of five, find facts about any one brave woman who we remember because of her achievements and present in class. For example, Rani Chennamma of Kittur, Rani Durgavati, Ahilyabai Holkar, Jhalkari Bai, Captain Lakshmi Sahgal, Kanaklata Barua, Kalpana Chawla, or anyone else.

Include the following in your presentation:

1. Childhood.

2. Training / Education.

3. Achievements.

4. Contributions.

5. What you have learnt from her.

Ans: Students do it yourself.

Parimol

Hi! my Name is Parimal Roy. I have completed my Bachelor’s degree in Philosophy (B.A.) from Silapathar General College. Currently, I am working as an HR Manager at Dev Library. It is a website that provides study materials for students from Class 3 to 12, including SCERT and NCERT notes. It also offers resources for BA, B.Com, B.Sc, and Computer Science, along with postgraduate notes. Besides study materials, the website has novels, eBooks, health and finance articles, biographies, quotes, and more.