NCERT Class 4 Environmental Studies Chapter 18 Too Much Water, Too Little Water

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NCERT Class 4 Environmental Studies Chapter 18 Too Much Water, Too Little Water

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Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. NCERT Class 4 Environmental Studies Textual Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 4 Environmental Studies Textbook Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Too Much Water, Too Little Water

Chapter: 18

DISCUSS

1. How can unclean or dirty water harm our body?

Ans: Our body can suffer from various diseases due to contaminated water.

2. Have you ever got dirty or unclean water in your area? What was the reason for this?

Ans: I received contaminated tap water in my neighborhood after a major pipeline rupture allowed tainted water to enter the system.

3. Do you know anyone who has fallen sick because of such water? Talk about this.

Ans: My grandmother once suffered from diarrhea after drinking contaminated tap water at our house.

4. When the guest came to Suguna’s house, they offered him a cold drink, because they thought he should not drink such water. What do you think Suguna’s family must be doing for their own drinking water?

Ans: Suguna’s family must either be boiling the water before drinking or using chlorine tablets. Boiling eliminates various disease-causing microbes in the water, while chlorination purifies it, making it safe for consumption.

5. The guest said he did not drink cold drinks. Why do you think he said this?

Ans: I believe he said this because cold drinks are high in sugar, and he might be diabetic. Or perhaps he was unwell with a cold.

1. Have you ever faced a shortage of water in your house? When?

Ans: Yes, we experienced water scarcity at home when a pipeline in our neighborhood broke, disrupting the water supply.

2. What did you do then?

Ans: We managed by using stored water carefully and collected water from nearby sources until the supply was restored.

3. Have you ever played in water? Where and when?

Ans: Yes, I have played in water at a nearby river during a family picnic and also at a water park during summer vacation.

4. Are there times when you are not allowed to play in water? What are the reasons for this?

(a) ______________.

Ans: When there is a water shortage, we need to conserve water.

(b) ______________.

Ans: During the rainy season, when the water might be dirty or unsafe.

5. Have you seen wastage of water in your area? Discuss.

Ans: Yes, I have seen water being wasted in my area, such as leaking taps, overflowing water tanks, and people using excess water while washing cars or watering plants. This should be avoided to conserve water.

6. The water park had a lot of water to play in but the nearby village people did not have water even to drink. Think about it and discuss.

Ans: This is an example of water being used unequally. While some people enjoy plenty of water, others struggle to meet their basic needs. More efforts should be made to ensure fair distribution of water.

7. If you go to a water park, find out where the water comes to the park.

Ans: The water in a water park usually comes from underground borewells, municipal water supply, or nearby reservoirs. It is treated and recycled to reduce wastage.

1. Why was Raziya worried when she read the newspaper?

Ans: Raziya was worried because the newspaper reported that the water supply in her area was contaminated and unsafe for drinking.

2. Raziya asked that all the water that was filled the previous day should be thrown. Could this water have been used for something else? What kind of things?

Ans: Yes, the water could have been used for purposes other than drinking, such as watering plants, cleaning the house, washing utensils, or flushing the toilet.

3. In what way did she plan to clean the water?

Ans: She planned to clean the water by boiling it to kill germs or by using chlorine tablets to purify it.

4. Do you know of different ways to clean the water? Describe them.

Ans: Yes, there are several ways to clean water:

(a) Boiling: Kills germs and bacteria in the water.

(b) Chlorination: Adding chlorine tablets or liquid to disinfect the water.

(c) Filtration: Using water filters to remove dirt, impurities, and harmful particles.

5. Suppose, Raziya had not read the news and everyone had drunk the water without boiling it, what could have happened?

Ans: If they had drunk the contaminated water without boiling it, they could have fallen sick with diseases like diarrhea, cholera, typhoid, or stomach infections.

1. Where Deepak lives, everyone has to stand in a queue to fill water from the common public tap. In Raziya’s house, water comes all day in the tap. Why is this? 

Ans: This difference is due to the unequal distribution of water. Deepak’s area might have limited water supply, poor infrastructure, or fewer pipelines, requiring people to depend on a common tap. On the other hand, Raziya’s house might be in an area with better water facilities, continuous municipal supply, or private water connections.

2. Raziya read news about the water in the newspaper. Have you read any news about water in the newspapers? What kind of news?

Ans: Yes, I have read news about water in newspapers. Some common topics include water shortages in different cities, contamination of drinking water, droughts affecting farmers, floods causing damage, and efforts to conserve water through rainwater harvesting and water recycling.

1. Look through the newspapers of the last one month. Look for all news-items related to water. Cut them out. Stick all the cuttings together on a big paper to make a big collage. Talk about what you have collected. Discuss in the class.

Ans: We collected news articles related to water issues such as water shortages, pollution, waterborne diseases, floods, and conservation efforts. Some articles talked about lakes and rivers getting polluted, while others focused on drought-affected areas. 

Water Survey in School Make three groups of students in your class.

1. One group will find out about the arrangements of drinking water in the school.

Ans: Our group observed that the school provides clean drinking water through water coolers and RO filters. However, some taps need repairs, and the water supply is sometimes irregular. We suggest checking and maintaining the water filters regularly to ensure safe drinking water for students.

2. The second group will find out about the arrangement of toilets in the school.

Ans: The school has separate toilets for boys and girls. Most toilets are clean, but some need better maintenance. Water availability is sometimes an issue, and handwashing facilities should be improved. We suggest regular cleaning and ensuring a steady water supply.

3. The third group will find out about illness affecting children in the class.

Ans: Our group found that some children in the class have suffered from waterborne diseases like diarrhea and jaundice. Others have fallen sick due to viral infections and seasonal flu. We discussed how proper hygiene, clean drinking water, and good sanitation can help prevent these illnesses.

The questions given below will help the groups to collect information.

Group 1 

Observe and Note –

(i) Put a (✓) in right box or boxes

(a) Where does the water in your school come from?

Tap: ____________.

Tank: ____________.

Handpump: ____________.

Any other: ____________

Ans: The water in our school comes mainly from taps and tanks. The supply is managed by the municipality or stored in overhead tanks.

(b) In your school, where do you take water to drink?

Tap: ___________.

Tank: ____________. 

Handpump: ____________.

Any other: ______________.

Ans: We drink water from taps and storage tanks. 

2. If there is no tap, matka or hand pump, then how do you get drinking water?

Ans: If there is no tap or matka, students bring water from home or buy bottled water from nearby shops.

3. Is there water in all the taps or handpumps?

Ans: Most taps have water, but some taps run dry during certain hours of the day.

4. Is there any tap which is leaking or dripping?

Ans: Yes, a few taps are leaking, and they need to be fixed to prevent water wastage.

5. Are all the matkas filled with water and are they covered?

Ans: Most matkas are filled and covered, and they are covered.

6. Are the matkas and other water containers cleaned regularly?

Ans: Yes, they are cleaned regularly, but more frequent cleaning would ensure better hygiene.

7. How is water made safe for drinking?

Ans: Water is filtered using an RO system and stored in clean tanks. Some schools also use chlorination or boiling methods.

8. Is there a long-handled ladle to take water from the matka or container? How many ladles are there per container?

Ans: Yes, a ladle is provided for some matkas. There are two ladles per container.

9. Is the place around the drinking water–taps or matkas cleaned regularly?

Ans: Yes, the area is cleaned regularly.

1. Why do the drinking water places get dirty?

Ans: Drinking water places get dirty due to spilled water, improper disposal of waste, people washing hands near the taps, and lack of regular cleaning. 

2. What can we do to keep these places clean?

Ans: (a) Close taps properly after use to prevent water from spilling.

(b) Avoid throwing waste like wrappers or food near water sources.

(c) Clean the area regularly to prevent dirt buildup.

1.  How often (once a day, once in two days, etc.) are the containers or matkas and ladles cleaned? Who cleans them?

Ans: The containers or matkas and ladles are usually cleaned once a day. The school staff, including the cleaning workers, are responsible for cleaning them.

2. How many children are there in your school? How many taps, matkas or hand pumps are there? Are these sufficient for children?

Ans: There are around 500 children in our school. The school has 100 taps, 100 matkas, and 5 hand pumps. Sometimes, the available water sources are not enough, especially during break time when many students need water at the same time.

3. Who cleans the places near the water?

Ans: The school cleaning staff is responsible for maintaining cleanliness near the water taps and matkas. 

4. Where does the water that is spilt go?

Ans: The spilled water usually drains through small pipelines or flows into the school drainage system.

Group 2

Observe and Note –

1. Put (✓) in the box and write wherever it is required —

(a) What are the toilet arrangements in your school?

Built toilet: ____________.

Open area: _____________.

Ans: The school has built toilets for students and staff.

2. How many toilets are there?

Ans: There are 6 toilets in the school.

2. Are there separate toilets for girls and boys?

(a) Yes.

(b) No.

Ans: (a) Yes, there are separate toilets for girls and boys.

3. Is there water in the toilets?

(a) Yes.

(b) No.

Ans: (a) Yes, water is available in the toilets most of the time.

4. Where does the water come from?

(a) The tap.

(i) Yes. 

(ii) No.

Ans: (i) Yes.

(b) Filled containers.

(i) Yes.

(ii) No.

Ans: (ii) No.

(c) Has to be brought from home.

(i) Yes.

(ii) No.

Ans: (ii) No.

5. Is there water for washing hands near the toilet?

(a) Yes.

(b) No.

Ans: (a) Yes.

6. Do you wash your hands after using the toilet?

(a) Yes.

(b) No.

Ans: (a) Yes.

7. Is there any tap that is leaking or dripping?

(a) Yes.

(b) No.

Ans: (b) No.

8. Are the toilets kept clean?

(a) Yes.

(b) No.

Ans: (a) Yes.

1. How many boys and girls are there in your school?

(a) Girls.

(b) Boys.

Ans: 300 boys and 200 girls.

2. How many toilets are there for girls, and how many for boys?

(a) Girls.

(b) Boys.

Ans: 3 toilets for boys and 3 toilets for girls.

3. If there are no taps, who brings the water for the toilet? From where does the water have to be brought?

Ans: If there are no taps, the school staff or students may have to bring water in buckets from the nearest available water source, such as a hand pump or taps. 

4. Who keeps the place clean?

Ans: The school cleaning staff is responsible for keeping the toilets and surrounding areas clean.

1. What can be done to keep the toilets clean?

Ans: (a) Toilets should be cleaned regularly by the school cleaning staff.

(b) Students should use them properly and avoid making them dirty.

2. What can each of us do for this?

Ans: (a) Flush after using the toilet.

(b) Wash hands properly with soap after using the toilet.

(c) Avoid throwing waste like paper or plastic in the toilet.

3. Have you seen toilets at bus stands or railway stations? How are they different from the toilets at home?

Ans: Yes, I have seen toilets at bus stands and railway stations. They are not properly clean as compared to my school toilet.

Group 3

Talk with the children in your class and fill in the table given below. In the last few months, how many children in the class have suffered from any of these?

Discuss with your teacher what you have found out from your survey. Now make a report with your findings and suggestions. Read your report in the assembly. Put it up on the notice board.

Ans: Students, do yourself. 

Parimol

Hi! my Name is Parimal Roy. I have completed my Bachelor’s degree in Philosophy (B.A.) from Silapathar General College. Currently, I am working as an HR Manager at Dev Library. It is a website that provides study materials for students from Class 3 to 12, including SCERT and NCERT notes. It also offers resources for BA, B.Com, B.Sc, and Computer Science, along with postgraduate notes. Besides study materials, the website has novels, eBooks, health and finance articles, biographies, quotes, and more.