Class 12 Political Science Important Chapter 2 Contemporary Centres of Power Solutions English Medium As Per AHSEC New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters ASSEB Class 12 Political Science Additional Solutions in English and select need one. AHSEC Class 12 Political Science Additional Solutions Download PDF. HS 2nd Year Political Science Important Solutions.
Class 12 Political Science Important Chapter 2 Contemporary Centres of Power
Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. ASSEB Class 12 Political Science Additional Question Answer are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given HS 2nd Political Science Important Solutions English Medium for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Contemporary Centres of Power
Chapter: 2
| PART – A: CONTEMPORARY WORLD POLITICS |
| IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER |
Answer the Following Question:
1. What led to the emergence of new centres of power after the end of the bipolar world?
Ans: The end of the bipolar structure of world politics in the early 1990s led to the emergence of alternative centres of political and economic power. This was primarily due to the need to limit America’s dominance in global affairs. The European Union (EU) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) emerged as significant players in regional and global politics.
2. How did the European Union (EU) evolve after World War II?
Ans: After World War II, Europe faced the challenge of rebuilding. With the help of the United States through the Marshall Plan, European countries began economic cooperation. The formation of the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957 eventually led to the establishment of the European Union (EU) in 1992, which included political and economic cooperation, a common currency (Euro), and a common foreign and security policy.
3. What is the significance of the European Union in world politics?
Ans: The EU is the world’s second-largest economy, with a GDP of more than $17 trillion. It has significant diplomatic, economic, and military influence. It also has a role in international trade disputes and maintains a foreign and security policy, while its combined armed forces are the second-largest in the world. The EU’s influence is substantial in international negotiations, particularly in issues related to human rights and environmental concerns.
4. What are the main objectives of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)?
Ans: ASEAN was established in 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand to accelerate economic growth, promote social progress, and ensure regional peace and stability. Its objective has evolved over the years to create an ASEAN Community consisting of the ASEAN Security Community, ASEAN Economic Community, and ASEAN Socio-Cultural Community.
5. How has ASEAN contributed to regional peace and economic growth?
Ans: ASEAN has fostered regional cooperation through informal and non-confrontational means, respecting national sovereignty. It has helped resolve conflicts like the Cambodian conflict and the East Timor crisis. ASEAN also focuses on creating a Free Trade Area (FTA), encouraging investment, and establishing stronger economic ties, particularly with countries like China and India.
6. What role does China play as an emerging economic power?
Ans: China’s economic rise has significantly impacted global politics. Since implementing reforms in 1978 under Deng Xiaoping, China has transformed from a closed, centrally planned economy into a major global player. By 2040, it is expected to overtake the US as the world’s largest economy. China’s integration into the global economy through trade, foreign investments, and its accession to the WTO in 2001 has elevated its status as a global power.
7. How have India and China attempted to improve their relations post-1990s?
Ans: Since the 1990s, India and China have worked towards improving their relations by signing agreements to resolve border issues, enhancing cultural exchanges, and increasing trade. The bilateral trade between India and China has grown rapidly, and both countries now cooperate in international economic institutions like the World Trade Organization (WTO).
8. What were the key developments in the European Union post-Second World War?
Ans: The EU evolved from economic cooperation to a political and security union. It started with the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957 and later transitioned into the European Union (EU) in 1992. The EU’s focus expanded to include a common foreign policy, a single currency (Euro), and collective security measures. However, challenges persist with some countries hesitant to give up national sovereignty.
9. What are the advantages and challenges of regional organisations like the EU and ASEAN?
Ans: Regional organizations like the EU and ASEAN help maintain peace, promote economic growth, and foster cooperation among member states. However, challenges such as differences in national interests, cultural discrepancies, and resistance to shared sovereignty limit the ability of these organizations to act cohesively on global issues.
10. What was the role of the Marshall Plan in the economic reconstruction of Europe?
Ans: The Marshall Plan, initiated by the United States in 1948, provided massive financial assistance to Western Europe to help rebuild its economies after World War II. It facilitated the economic integration of European capitalist countries, laying the groundwork for future cooperation and the eventual formation of the European Economic Community (EEC) and later the European Union (EU).
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