Class 12 Geography Important Chapter 17 Mineral and Fuel Resources of India

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Class 12 Geography Important Chapter 17 Mineral and Fuel Resources of India

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Mineral and Fuel Resources of India

Chapter: 17

Group Seven: Resources and Resource Management

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER

Short Answer Questions:

1. Write the three common geographical characteristics of all types of mineral resources with different origins and features.

Ans: The three common geographical characteristics of all types of mineral resources with different origins and features are:

(i) Uneven regional distribution of minerals in India’s landmass.

(ii) The quantity of high-grade mineral resources is very limited compared to low-grade minerals.

(iii) Most mineral resources are the result of geological processes spanning millions or, in many cases, billions of years.

2. How are metallic minerals classified in India?

Ans: Metallic minerals are classified into ferrous and non-ferrous categories.

3. Give examples of non-renewable resources.

Ans: Coal, mineral oil, hematite, bauxite, etc.

4. Into how many categories are mineral resources in India divided, and what are they?

Ans: Mineral resources in India are mainly divided into two categories—metallic minerals and non-metallic minerals.

5. How is the Deccan Plateau region of India identified?

Ans: The Deccan Plateau region of India is identified as one of the most mineral-rich regions in the world.

6. Name the ores included in the ferrous mineral category in India.

Ans: In India, the ferrous mineral category includes iron ore (Fe₂O₃ or hematite) and manganese ore.

7. Name the three distinct regions where various types of mineral resources are concentrated in India’s mineral-rich areas.

Ans: The three distinct regions where various types of mineral resources are concentrated are the northeastern part of the Deccan Plateau, southwestern plateau region, and the northwestern region.

8. Name the main coal-bearing regions in India.

Ans: Damodar Valley, Son–Mahanadi Valley, Godavari Valley, and Cauvery Delta region.

9. Why is the Mumbai High region famous?

Ans: The Mumbai High region is famous for petroleum extraction.

10. What is monazite sand, and where is it found?

Ans: Monazite sand is a special type of mineral sand containing uranium and thorium, found along the southern coast of India.

11. Name the main minerals of the northwestern mineral region.

Ans: Copper, zinc, limestone, marble, gypsum, dolomite, petroleum, and natural gas.

12. In which basins of Upper Assam are petroleum and gas found?

Ans: Petroleum and gas are found in the Dhansiri and Buri Dihing basins.

13. How many types of iron ore are mainly found in India?

Ans: Two main types of iron ore are found in India—hematite and magnetite.

14. What type of mineral is bauxite, and where is it found?

Ans: Bauxite is a non-ferrous metallic mineral and an ore of aluminum. It is generally found in the laterite rock strata of the Tertiary period in highland and coastal areas.

15. Where are the main bauxite deposits located in Gujarat?

Ans: In Gujarat, the main bauxite deposits are located in Bhavnagar and Jamnagar.