NIOS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Emergency Provisions

NIOS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Emergency Provisions, Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Emergency Provisions and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Emergency Provisions Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Political Science Notes Paper 317.

NIOS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Emergency Provisions

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Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Political Science Chapter 9 Emergency Provisions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Political Science Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Emergency Provisions

Chapter: 9

POLITICAL SCIENCE

TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS AND THEIR ANSWERS

INTEXT QUESTIONS 9.1

Q. Fill in the blanks:

1. Proclamation of National Emergency gives power to the ………….. (Union Government, President, Supreme Court) 

Ans. Union Government.

2. National Emergency can be declared under Article ………….. (232, 352, 360) 

Ans. 352.

3. During this period of National Emergency Lok Sabha can extend its term by ……….. at a time. (one year, three years, five years) 

Ans. One year.

4. During the period of National Emergency, the Right …………. to can be restricted. (Equality, Freedom, Constitutional Remedies)

Ans. Freedom. 

5. On 25 June 1975, National Emergency was declared on the ground of ………… (external aggression, internal disturbances, financial crisis)

Ans. Internal disturbances.

6. The President can declare National Emergency only if …………

(a) The Prime Minister gives written advice. 

(b) The Cabinet recommends in writing.

(c) He himself is otherwise satisfied.

Ans. The Cabinet recommends in writing.

7. Once approved by the Parliament, the National Emergency ordinarily remains in force for a period of ……………. (six months, 1year, 2years)

Ans. Six months.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 9.2

Q. Fill in the blanks:

1. The proclamation of emergency due to the breakdown of Constitutional machinery in a State is covered under Article ………….. (352, 356, 360)

Ans. 365.

2. The imposition of President’s Rule in a State can continue for ………… months without the approval of the Parliament. (one, two, six) 

Ans. Two.

3. President’s Rule in a State can be extended upto a maximum period of ………… (1 year, 2 years, 3 years)

Ans.1 year.

4. The declaration of emergency due to the failure of Constitutional machinery in a State is made on the advice of the ……………. (Chief Minister, Speaker of Legislative Assembly, Governor)

Ans. Governor.

5. The Parliament can approve the imposition of President’s Rule in a State for a period of ………… at a time. (three months, six months, nine months) 

Ans. Six months.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 9.3

1. Article ………… Emergency provisions. covers the Financial. (352, 356, 360)

Ans. 365.

2. Financial Emergency has been imposed in our country only …………. (once, twice, never) 

Ans. Never. 

3. Financial Emergency can be imposed for a period of ………… at a time. (two months, six months, desired length)

Ans. Desired length.

4. Financial Emergency has to be passed by the Parliament within …………… (two months, four months, six months) 

Ans. Two months.

5. Under Financial Emergency, the President may give directions to reduce the salaries and allowances of …………. (Union Government employees, States Government employees, All Government functionaries including judges.)

Ans. All Government functionaries including judges.

TERMINAL EXERCISES

Q. 1. Describe briefly the emergency provisions contained in the Constitution of India.

Ans. To protect the security, integrity and stability of the country, the President of India has been given extraordinary powers to deal with the various types of emergency situations.

1. National Emergency (Article 352) can be imposed due to war or external aggression or by armed rebellion within the country.

2. Emergency due to failure of Constitutional machinery in a state (Article 356). 

3. The third type of Emergency is Financial Emergency provided under Article 360.

Q. 2. How does the imposition of National Emergency affect the life of citizens?

Ans. The Fundamental Rights under Article 19 are automatically suspended in case of proclamation on the ground of war or external aggression. The transport can also suspend the right of the individual to move to the courts for the enforcement of any other fundamental right except those of Articles 20 and 21.

Q. 3. Under what conditions can the President’s Rule be imposed in a State?

Ans. Under Article 356, the President’s Rule can be imposed in a state, if the President funds that a situation has arisen under which the government of the state cannot be carried on smoothly. Such a proclamation must also be placed before both the Houses of Parliament for approval within two months if passed by the *Parliament the proclamation remains valid for six months at a time. For first time in 1951 President’s rule was imposed in Punjab. In 1957 it was imposed in Kerala. In 1977 as many as nine states were put under the President’s Rule. In 1986 emergency was imposed in Jammu and Kashmir due to terrorism. In all abcut 101 times emergency has been imposed upon various states for one reason or the other upto December, 2000.

Q. 4. How are the executive and legislative powers of a state-exercised during the President’s Rule?

Ans. During the imposition of President’s Rule, the President can assume to himself all functions of the state government or he may vest all or any of those functions with the Governor or any other executive authority.

The President can suspend or dissolve the State Legislative Assembly. He may authorise the Parliament to make laws on behalf of the State Legislative Assembly.

Q. 5. Mention the effects of Financial Emergency.

Ans. The consequences of the Financial Emergency are:

(i) The Union Government may give direction to any of the state regarding financial matters.

(ii) President can ask the states to reduce the salaries and allowances of all or any class or persons in government services.

(iii) The President may ask the states to reserve all the money bills for consideration of the Parliament after they have been passed by the State Legislative Assembly.

(iv) The President may also give directions to reduce the salaries and allowances of the Central Government employees including the Judges of Supreme Court and High Courts.

SOME OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q. 1. How can the President of India declare National Emergency?

Ans. The President of India has the power to declare National Emergency. According to Article 352 National Emergency may be declared due to war, external aggressions or armed rebellion or its possibility.

Q. 2. What is the importance of the 44th Amendment of the Constitution in regard of a case of emergency?

Ans. The 44th Amendment of the Constitution provides that ten per cent or more members of the Lok Sabha can requisition a meeting of the Lok Sabha and in that meeting, it can disapprove or revoke the emergency by a simple majority. In such a case emergency will immediately become inoperative.

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

I. Choose the correct answer:

Q. 1. India faced the following problem/ problem just before and after independence:

(a) partition of the country.

(b) communal riots.

(c) the problem concerning the merger of princely states.

(d) all the above mentioned problems. 

Ans. (a) all the above mentioned problems.

Q. 2. Why were some emergency provisions made in Indian Constitution? 

(a) to safeguard and protect the security.

(b) to maintain integrity and stability of the country.

(c) for effective functioning of State Government.

(d) all the above mentioned.

Ans. (d) all the above mentioned..

Q. 3. Under which Article National Emergency can be declared?

(a) 232.

(b) 352.

(c) 360.

(d) 368.

Ans. (b) 352.

Q. 4. For how many years / year during the days of National Emergency Lok Sabha can extend its term at a time?

(a) One year. 

(b) Three years.

(c) Five years. 

(d) Four years.

Ans. (a) One year.

Q. 5. The President can declare National Emergency only if:

(a) The Prime Minister gives written advice. 

(b) The Cabinet recommends in writing. 

(c) He himself is otherwise satisfied.

(d) Chief Justice of India and Chief of the Army Staff given written request to him / her. 

Ans. (b) The Cabinet recommends in writing.

II. Fill in the blanks:

1. The Constitution of India is ………….. in nature having a bias.

Ans. Federal unitary.

2. In India the …………. is more powerful than the States.

Ans. Center.

3. Proclamation of National Emergency gives enlarged powers to the …….……….

Ans. Union Government.

4. On 25 June 1975 National Emergency was declared on the ground of ………….

Ans. Internal Disturbance.

5. During the period of National Emergency the Right to ………… can be restricted.

Ans. Freedom.

6. Once approved by the Parliament, the National Emergency ordinary remains in force for a period of ………….

Ans. Six Months.