NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 2 Early Childhood in India

NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 2 Early Childhood in India Solutions English Medium As Per New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 2 Early Childhood in India Notes and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 2 Early Childhood in India Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Notes Paper 376.

NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 2 Early Childhood in India

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Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Early Childhood Care and Education Notes for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Early Childhood in India

Chapter: 2

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.1

Match Column A with Column B. 

Ans:

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.2

Fill in the blanks. 

(a) Malnutrition refers to the deficiencies or imbalances in an individual’s intake of ______________.

Ans: Nutrients.

(b) Sanitation systems aim to protect ______________ by providing a clean environment.

Ans: Human health.

(c) Hygiene is the practice of keeping ______________ and the ______________ clean to prevent illness or spread of disease.

Ans: Oneself, surroundings.

(d) Neighborhoods play an important role in shaping children’s ______________ and _________________.

Ans: Interests, competence.

(e) ___________________ and ______________ stimulation can play a significant role in the development of children.  

Ans: Physical, psychological.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 2.3

Match column A with column B

Ans:

1. Highlight the meaning and significance of childhood.

Ans: Childhood is the time for children to be in school and at play, to grow strong and confident with the love and encouragement of their family and an extended community of caring adults. Childhood means much more than just the space between birth and the attainment of adulthood. It is a period of rapid physical, cognitive, emotional, social and language development of children. There are many social issues that affect children, such as education, bullying, child poverty, dysfunctional families, child labor, hunger, and child homelessness. Childhood is usually a mixture of happiness, wonder, anxiety and resilience. It is generally a time of playing, learning, socialising and exploring in a world without much adult interference, aside from parents. It is a time of learning about responsibilities without having to deal with adult responsibilities.

2. What is the impact of early childhood on subsequent life?

Ans: Early childhood is a sensitive period in human development, shaped by the child’s genes (nature) and experiences (nurture). Nature means the influence of an individual’s genes on development and learning. Nurture means the impact of various environmental factors like family, care, opportunities to explore, education, upbringing etc. on the development and learning of children. Both nature and nurture influence the development of the child. During the early years, the children need to grow in a stimulating, happy, caring and healthy environment that provides opportunities for exploration, experimentation, freedom of movement, interactions, good food and nutrition, toys and objects for proper development and learning. Research on early child development and education have established the positive impact of such an environment on the development of the children. On the other hand, if the child is brought up in a dull environment, does not get proper nutrition, faces abuse or neglect or falls sick frequently, it will have adverse effects on the development of the child.

Research provides evidence that children who face adversities like poverty and deprivation early in life are more likely to experience a broad range of impairments later. These harsh circumstances can lead to social, emotional, behavioral, interpersonal or school-adjustment problems and even more severe difficulties, such as mental health problems, delinquency and criminal behavior. It is not necessary that adverse childhood experiences that influence children’s development are only one-time dramatic events. These can be daily routine events where children face chronic daily exposure to maltreatment, poor parenting and other adversities that damage developmental health of children. Such situations can be avoided and the effects of early adversity can be moderated by a wide range of factors, from sensitive parenting, extended family support, counseling, provision of facilities, community-level social support and supportive childcare services. 

Individuals exposed to adverse childhood experiences tend to be less equipped to take on a parenting role when they are adults and, in the context of adverse circumstances and the absence of some form of social support and/or intervention, they are more likely to adopt inappropriate parenting behaviors and perpetuate a cycle of negative and adverse parenting across generations.

Parimal

Hi! my Name is Parimal Roy. I have completed my Bachelor’s degree in Philosophy (B.A.) from Silapathar General College. Currently, I am working as an HR Manager at Dev Library. It is a website that provides study materials for students from Class 3 to 12, including SCERT and NCERT notes. It also offers resources for BA, B.Com, B.Sc, and Computer Science, along with postgraduate notes. Besides study materials, the website has novels, eBooks, health and finance articles, biographies, quotes, and more.