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NIOS Class 10 Home Science Chapter 13 Safety in the Home
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Safety in the Home
Chapter: 13
[Book – II] HOME SCIENCE
TEXTUAL QUESTION WITH ANSWERS
Intext Questions 13.1.
Answer the following questions along with answers:
Q.1. Kartik cut his hand while chopping vegetables. What could be the possible reasons? Write down three such reasons.
Ans: (i) Keep her hand flat while chopping vegetables on board/not curled finger.
(ii) Cutting with hand/Not using chopping board.
(iii) Knife not sharp/using blunt knife.
Q.2. Suggest two safe methods of picking up broken pieces of glass on the kitchen floor.
Ans: Anything sticky will pick up fine remnants of glass and the person handling the broken glass does not cut his/her hands.
Q.3. Which is a safer way to open a window with its handles or by pushing the glass?
Ans: Glass, when pushed, can break and cut your hand.
Q.4. Your younger brother wants to sharpen his pencil. What will you give him? A sharpener or a blade? Why?
Ans: Sharpener, reason – as there is no chance of cutting his hand with it or he may cut his hand with a blade.
Intext Questions 13.2.
Q.1. Fill in the blanks using either of the given clues in the bracket, to suggest ways to prevent fires. You can check the correct answers later.
1. Keep the matchbox and chemicals __________ reach of children. (within/out of)
Ans: out of.
2. Before sleeping __________ burning candle or lighted fire.(extinguish/continus)
Ans: Extinguish.
3. Store inflammable liquids in __________ containers (labelled/unlabelled)
Ans: Labelled.
4. Put two electric appliances in __________ socket/s.(two/one)
Ans: Two.
5. All worn out wires and cables should be __________ (replaced/repaired)
Ans: Replaced.
6. Wear __________ clothes in the kitchen.(loose/well fitted)
Ans: Well fitted.
7. Knob on the gas cylinder should be __________ at night.(put off/ kept on)
Ans: Switched off.
8. Buy Only __________ appliance and gas pipes.(branded/ISI certified)
Ans: ISI certified
Intext Questions 13.3.
Q.1. A fire broke out in your neighborhood. You have volunteered to help the fireman. What would you use or do? Choose the correct out of the two options given in the bracket.
(a) Throw (sand/water)on open flame caused by electricity.
Ans: Throw sand on open flame caused by electricity.
(b) Throw (Cold water/hot water) on the fire.
Ans: Throw Cold water on fire.
(c) Use (single Ladder/multiple ladder) to rescue people.
Ans: Use multiple ladder to rescue people.
(d) To come out from building (crawl on floor/run out).
Ans: You will crawl on floor to come out from building
(e) Use (wet / dry. handkerchief) to breathe.
Ans: Use wet handkerchief to breathe.
(f) (Open /close) all windows.
Ans: Open all windows
(g) Use (Blanket / bed sheet) to douse the flames from a victim’s clothes.
Ans: Use Blanket to douse the flames from a victim’s clothes.
Q.2. Choose the correct answer from the following options given below:
(a) Careless handling of which liquid can cause a fire?
(i) Petrol.
(ii) Aerated drinks.
(iii) Hot water.
Ans: (i) Petrol.
(b) Do not put more than one electrical appliances in one electric socket because:
(i) It leads to overheating of wires.
(ii) It does not look nice.
(iii) It entangles the wires.
Ans: (i) It leads to overheating of wires.
(c) Wearing clothes made of which fabric is dangerous in the kitchen?
(i) Cotton.
(ii) Silk.
(iii) Nylon.
Ans: (iii) Nylon.
(d) When a fire breaks out in the house, clean air is at the:
(i) Ceiling level.
(ii) Ground level.
(iii) Window level.
Ans: (ii) Ground level.
(e) In case you smell cylinder gas leaking in the kitchen, what should you do?
(i) Light a matchstick.
(ii) Switch on a light.
(iii) Open the windows.
Ans: (iii) Open the windows.
Intext Questions 13.4
Q.1. Identify the wrong habits given below and give appropriate suggestions to correct them.
(a) Kerosene oil is stored in a used vegetable oil container.
Ans: Kerosene oil should be stored in a Labeled bottle or container or in its original container as someone can mistake it to be oil and use it.
(b) Medicines should be kept in the upper shelves of a cupboard.
Ans: Medicines should be kept in the upper shelves of locked cupboard, out of reach of children.
(c) Cupboard where pesticides are kept is left open.
Ans: Cupboard, where all pesticides are kept, should be locked at all times.
Intext Questions 13.5.
Q.1. Some situations have been presented below:
Each has one right and one wrong answer (underlined). Choose the right answer from the options given below:
Q.1. Rahul got electric shock because of following reasons:
(a) He was using too many electric appliances on one socket/ only one appliances on one socket.
(b) He touched the electric heater with wet/ dry hands.
(c) He pulled the radio with it’s wirel/plug.
(d) Wires of the television were frayed/ new.
(e) He used a 2 pin plug/3 pin plugs.
(f) He was wearing rubber slippers or was barefoot while handling electrical/appliances.
(g) Appliance was kept on a wooden plank/marble counter.
Ans: Rahul got electric shock because of following reasons:
(a) He was using too many electric appliances on one socket.
(b) He touched the electric heater with wet hands.
(c) He pulled the radio along with it’s wire.
(d) Wires of the television were frayed.
(e) He use a 2 pin plug.
(f) He was barefoot.
(g) Appliances was kept on a marble counter.
Intext Questions 13.6.
Q.1. Fill in the blanks with a suitable word:
(a) Burning of soft coal or wood can produce ___________ (carbon monoxide/oxygen) which can cause death.
Ans: Carbon monoxide.
(b) ___________ (plastic/cloth) bags are the most common cause of suffocation in infants.
Ans: Plastic.
(c) A child can choke if swallows ___________ (big/small) objects.
Ans: Small.
(d) Children should be ___________ (unattended/supervised) while they play.
Ans: Supervise.
Intext Questions 13.7.
Q.1. Describe any two desirable qualities you would want in a person administrating first aid on you.
Ans: (a) Kind/Empathy.
(b) Quick.
Intext Questions 13.8.
Q.1. Choose the correct answer:
(a) If a victim has a fracture and is bleeding as well as, the bleeding part should ______________.
(i) Be raised.
(ii) Not be raised.
(iii) Be treated first.
(iv) Be tied to a splint first.
Ans: (iii) Be treated first.
(b) The fractured area can be tied to a ____________.
(i) Wooden stick.
(ii) Rolled up magazine.
(iii) Scale.
(iv) All of the above.
Ans: (iv) All of the above.
(c) While treating a sprain, cold water is applied to ____________.
(i) Lower the body temperature.
(ii) Lesson pain and swelling.
(iii) Calm the victim.
(iv) All of the above.
Ans: (ii) Lesson pain and swelling.
(d) A person suffering from shock needs a ____________.
(i) Blanket.
(ii) Damp sheet.
(iii) Hot water bottle.
(iv) Thin saree.
Ans: (i) Blanket.
(e) Victim of shock should be made to lie down ____________.
(i) With the legs raised.
(ii) With the head raised.
(iii) Flat on the ground.
(iv) On the side.
Ans: (i) With the legs raised.
(f) To disconnect a victim from electric shock, it is advisable to use ____________.
(i) You hands.
(ii) Any object nearby.
(iii) Hockey stick.
(iv) A metal stick.
Ans: (ii) Any object nearby.
Q.2. Arrange the order in which first aid should be given:
(a) In case of electric shock:
(i) Pull the victim from the wire.
(ii) Treat the victim’s burns.
(iii) Switch off the current.
(iv) Treat the victim for shock.
Ans: (ii, iv, i, iii,)
(b) In case of fracture:
(i) Tie a splint.
(ii) Tell the patient not to move.
(iii) Give something warm to drink.
(iv) call the doctor.
Ans: (iii, i, ii, iv,)
Terminal Exercise
Q.1. Little shalu fell off the roof. Her grandmother advised to message her foot and put some ointment. By the evening her foot had swollen. They waited for a few hours for the pain to subside but there was no relief. Finally, when the pain was unbearable they took her to a doctor. The doctor took an X- ray and informed that she had fractured her foot. If you were shalu’s sister or brother how would you given her first aid? Analyse the mistakes the family members had made.
Ans: Treatment: 1. When the bone is broken, it should be kept in fixed position this prevents more damage.
2. Tie the broken bones with splints and bandages before moving the person.
3. If the wound is bleeding, try to stop it immediately.
4. One should not move the bones and call for the doctor immediately.
5. The injured person should be taken carefully to the hospital for plastering on stretcher.
Q.2. Inform your friend about ways to prevent getting an electric shock.
Ans: Prevent:
• Buy ISI marked electrical appliances only.
• No electric wire should cross any heating device.
• Electrical sockets should not be directly exposed to water to prevent electrocution.
• Cover all unused sockets with safety plugs or sticking tapes.
• Wear rubber slippers while handling electrical appliances.
• Keep electrical appliances on a wooden board as wood is a bad conductor of electricity.
Q.3. Advise your friends on how to give first -aid treatment in case of
(a) Bleeding.
(b) Burn.
Ans: (a) Bleeding: Press the bleeding part with the help of sterile gauze, for 20 minutes. In case bleeding does not stop, ice bag should be applied on the dressing.
• Wash the spot with antiseptic.
• In case, blood is flowing in jerks, then tie a bandage tightly on the side, closest to the heart.
• In case bleeding continues, raise the bleeding part to slow down the flow of blood and tie the bandage on the side which is away from the heart.
(b) Burns: Remove victim away from fire.
• Place burnt area under running cold tap water.(do not use ice, as it causes blisters)
• Pat dry and apply antibiotic .(silver sulphadiazine)
• Put clean gauge and bandage on the burnt part.
• Give water to drink.
• For serious burns, rush to the hospital.
• Home remedy (egg or peeled aloe vera leaf applied on burnt area also helps to prevent blisters and eases pain)
Q.4. A lady has dropped hot oil on herself. How will you help her?
Ans: 1. Burn should be treated very carefully.
2. Burnol, toothpaste, or any other antiseptic cream should be applied on burn skin.
3. Ice cubes should be applied on scald skin till it reduces pain.
4. If the blisters are formed, they should not be pricked.
5. If the person is to shock state, he should be treated for shock first.
6. Person should be given water with salt to drink.
7. Immediately send for doctor’s aid.
Q.5. Saleem was driving a car at a very high speed when it went out of his control and hit the motor cyclist. The boy became unconscious. Seeing no one around he decided to flee. He thought he was lucky to escape until he come home and realizad he had hit his own son, who could have been saved had he got timely medical attention!
• If you were the driver, what would you have done?
• If you were a passer by would you have taken the victim to the hospital or just looked the other way?
• Had you been the victim, what would you have expected – To be left lying on the road or to be immediately taken to the hospital?
Ans: 1. First aid should be given quickly without wasting time and call the doctor.
2. Yes, I have taken the victim to the hospital in patient.
3. I have expected any person immediately taken to the hospital and call the doctor.
SOME OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION
Multiple Choice Questions
Tick (✔) the correct answer:
1. Which of the following is a source of accident due to fall?
(a) Slipping over wet floors.
(b) Slipping on railings of staircase.
(c) Playing at unsafe places.
(d) All of the above.
Ans: (d) All of the above.
2. Accident due to fire may take place because of the following:
(a) Misuse of matches.
(b) Filling oil in a lighted stove.
(c) Naked oil lamps.
(d) All of the above.
Ans: (d) All of the above.
3. A sudden unexpected unfortunate event without any clear visible cause is termed as:
(a) Illness.
(b) Mental illness.
(c) Accident.
(d) None of the above.
Ans: (c) Accident.
4. Electrocution may take place due to:
(a) Leaving an electric appliances, e.g., iron, connected and switched on.
(b) Touching switched off electric appliance.
(c) Pulling out the plug by the plug.
(d) Using electrical appliances with a three-pin plug.
Ans: (a) Leaving an electric appliances, e.g., iron, connected and switched on.
5. Poisoning may occur due to:
(a) Consuming detergents.
(b) Consuming insecticides.
(c) Eating unwashed fruits and vegetables.
(d) All of the above.
Ans:(d) All of the above.
6. Falls can be prevented by:
(a) Keeping the floor dirty and wet.
(b) Keeping the floor clean and dry.
(c) Wear slippery footwear.
(d) Switching off light in stair-case.
Ans: (b) Keeping the floor clean and dry.
7. Poisoning can be prevented by:
(a) Labeling all chemicals.
(b) Storing them with food items.
(c) Eating unwashed fruits and vegetables.
(d) Keeping poisonous chemicals on the table.
Ans: (a) Labeling all chemicals.
