NCERT Class 9 Arts Chapter 14 Exploring the Fundamentals of Visual Arts

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NCERT Class 9 Arts Chapter 14 Exploring the Fundamentals of Visual Arts

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Exploring the Fundamentals of Visual Arts

Chapter: 14

TEXTUAL SOLUTIONS

Activity 14.1

Explore artists’ journals in groups.

Step 1: Make five groups.

Step 2: Use books or digital resources to search for artists’ journals. You could also choose from the examples given in Fig. 14.1.

(i) Leonardo Da Vinci’s notebooks.

(ii) Frida Kahlo’s diary.

(iii) Rabindranath Tagore’s doodles.

(iv) Painting of birds and animals by Ustad Mansur.

(v) Nandalal Bose’s illustration.

Step 3: Share your findings about how visual artists recorded various experiences and ideas in their journals.

Ans: Based on the provided sources, here are the findings on how the specific visual artists recorded their experiences and ideas in their journals, as well as the different methods visual artists use generally.

Findings from the Specific Artists in Fig 14.1:

Leonardo Da Vinci’s notebooks: He combined incredibly detailed observational sketches with extensive handwritten notes to document his scientific studies, such as anatomy (like his drawing of a foetus), mechanics, and nature.

Frida Kahlo’s diary: She used her diary as a deeply personal space to record her emotions and thoughts, blending handwritten text and poetry with evocative, surreal drawings.

Rabindranath Tagore’s doodles: He famously recorded his artistic ideas by transforming mistakes or scratched-out words in his written poems and manuscripts into rhythmic, flowing doodles and patterns.

Ustad Mansur: As a Mughal artist, he created highly detailed, realistic visual documents of natural phenomena by observing and painting various birds and animals.

Nandalal Bose’s illustration: He combined visual art with literature by creating quick, gestural sketches and brushstrokes to illustrate poems, such as Rabindranath Tagore’s poem ‘Rikto’.

How Visual Artists Generally Record Experiences in Journals:

Mixed Mediums: Artists do not limit themselves to just writing; their journals contain a mix of text, drawings, pictures, tactile materials (like textile scraps), and even moving images and sounds in digital formats.

Capturing Nascent Ideas: Journals are used to capture live moments and experiences as they happen, recording ideas and emotions in their earliest forms, often noting the exact date and time.

Visualizing Solutions: Artists, architects, and designers use drawing and sketching in their journals to visualize ideas, make small studies, and work out solutions to problems before creating a final piece.

Tactile and Printed Collections: Artists who are interested in textures might use collage, collecting and pasting items like newspaper clippings, food wrappers, and woven fibers directly into their journals.

Tracking Growth: By documenting their everyday observations—whether it is an object at home, a landscape, or a sequence of thoughts—artists use their journals to reflect on their personal growth and how their thoughts and feelings evolve over time.

Ultimately, these journals serve as vital historical records that provide profound insights into how these individuals thought, felt, and responded to their surroundings.

Activity 14.2

Apply the elements of art.

The elements of art are basic components that are used to create a visual artwork.

(i) Dedicate a page in your journal for each of the seven elements of art.

(ii) Create the element in many varieties using different materials.

(iii) Create designs and patterns, and fill the entire page.

Day	Element	Mediums andTechniques	Suggestions
1.	Point	Pencils, pens, sketch pens, markers	Make dots of varying sizes.
2.	Line	Pencils, pens, colourpencils, crayons,pastels, charcoal,chalk	Draw curvy, wavy, zigzag,dotted, dashed, and other types of lines in varying thickness.
3.	Shape and Form	Pencils, pens, markers, crayons, paints	Doodle and createdifferent shapes. Addlight and shade to create a three-dimensional form.
4.	Texture	Collage, frottage	Collect and paste textured materials.Create rubbings oftextured surfaces andobjects.
5.	Colour	Crayons, colourpencils, water colours,poster colours	Play with blotches ofcolour in differentmediums.
6.	Value	Crayons, colourpencils, water colours,poster colours	Create colour tints,tones, and shadesto show value.
7.	Space	Any of the abovemediums	Draw lines to demarcate the space on the page in interesting ways.Play with positive andnegative space.

Ans: This activity is a fantastic way to familiarize yourself with the foundational building blocks of visual artwork. By dedicating a specific page in your art journal to each of the seven elements of art, you will actively practice the core concepts needed to create, structure, and analyze visual compositions.

Here is why this activity is so important to your growth as a visual artist: 

Familiarity with Mediums: Using different materials—such as pens, pastels, watercolours, or textured collage items—helps you understand how each medium uniquely interacts with different elements of art.

Building a Daily Habit: The curriculum heavily emphasizes practicing basic visual art processes regularly, such as spending 10 to 15 minutes a day creating art. Breaking this activity into a 7-day challenge encourages you to build a consistent daily routine.

Developing Your Most Important Tool: Your art journal is considered the most essential item in your art bag. Filling entire pages with these diverse patterns, doodles, and colour blotches turns your journal into a valuable, personal reference book to help you work out solutions for future projects.

Tips for completing this 7-day activity: 

Embrace the messiness: The goal is to experiment and explore unknown terrains. It is entirely natural for your initial steps to feel messy or lead to dissatisfaction. The key is to have the courage to try new ideas, experiment without fear, and persevere.

Document your process: Remember to treat these pages like true journal entries. Focus on being authentic, and be sure to write the date, time, and your thoughts or observations alongside your designs. For example, if you are working on the ‘Texture’ page by doing frottage (surface rubbings), note down what objects you used and why their tactile surfaces interested you.

Push your boundaries: Try not to just make one dot or one line. As the activity suggests, fill the entire page with varieties. Overlap your mediums, like adding light and shade with pencils over a painted shape, to create dynamic three-dimensional forms.

Would you like to dive deeper into how to apply any specific element, such as Value or Space, or would you like me to create a quick quiz to test your knowledge of these fundamental art components?

Activity 14.3

Daily sketching schedule.

1. The table below can help you schedule regular sketching with weekly targets. Aim to spend more than the minimum time mentioned here.

Note: Sketch in your journal or on any paper which you can later paste into your journal. Write the date, time, and place.

Minimum time per sketch	Themes	Sketches per day
5 minutes	Objects in your school or home	2
10 minutes	Plants/ landscapes in your school/ home	2
10 minutes	Animals, insects, birds, and other life forms in your natural surroundings	1
10 minutes	Different actions/ postures	2
15 minutes	Buildings and architectural details	1
Weekly target		8 sketches

Ans: Activity 14.3 provides a highly effective framework to help you build a consistent daily sketching habit. By breaking down the practice into manageable 5 to 15-minute sessions with specific themes, the schedule ensures you are constantly challenging your observational skills across different subjects.

As the sources explain, regular sketching is meant to be a spontaneous exercise, much like the warm-up stretches that sportspersons do before a game.

To get the most out of your weekly target of 8 sketches, here are some essential sketching tips from the curriculum to guide your daily practice:

Ditch the eraser: Draw lightly and quickly, and draw multiple times over the same image without erasing. This allows you to visually track your mistakes, corrections, and improvements over time.

Don’t aim for perfection: Because these are quick 5 to 15-minute exercises, you do not need to capture every single detail. Instead, focus on capturing the basic structure, proportions, and actions of your subject. Only darken your lines and add details once you are satisfied with the basic form.

Visualize shapes and space: Position yourself at a reasonable distance so you can see your subject clearly. Before putting your pencil to paper, visualize the basic shapes of the object, and observe the “negative space” (the empty space around the object) to ensure your sketch fits perfectly on the page.

Avoid copying: It is crucial to draw from real-life observation of your surroundings rather than copying from existing photographs or pictures.

Remember your journaling rules: Whether you are sketching an insect for 10 minutes or a building for 15 minutes, remember to log the date, time, and place next to your drawing. You should also add personal notes about your thoughts, feelings, or the challenges you faced while making the sketch.

Finally, do not be discouraged if your first few days feel messy or disappointing. The curriculum notes that this is completely natural; if you rely on perseverance and keep up with your daily targets, you will visibly see your sketches improve in just a few weeks.

Which of the themes from the schedule—objects, plants, animals, postures, or buildings—would you like to tackle for your first sketch today?