NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 1 Geography as A Discipline Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 1 Geography as A Discipline and select need one. NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 1 Geography as A Discipline Question Answers Download PDF. NCERT Geography Class 11 Solutions.
NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 1 Geography as A Discipline
Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 11 Geography Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 11 Geography Part I: Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Part II: Indian: Physical Environment, Part III: Practical Work in Geography. NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 1 Geography as A Discipline Notes, NCERT Class 11 Geography Textbook Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Geography as A Discipline
Chapter: 1
GEOGRAPY [ PART – I ]
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.1. What is Geography?
Ans. The word Geography is a combination of two Greek words. Geo meaning the earth and graphis meaning to write or describe. Thus the literal meaning of geography could be to write about the earth including all that upon it. It does not provide complete picture of nature and of geography. scope
Q.2. What do Geographers study?
Ans. They study the variation and association of the features on the earth surface e.g., cropping pattern differs from place to place and it is due to difference in the climate soil demand transport facility capacity of the farmer.
A geographer also studies the cause and effect relationships. The interaction between man and nature is highly dynamic and not static, so it is also called as the study of the relation between unstable earth and untrusting man.
Q.3. Geography is linked with ‘Astronomy’. Explain.
Ans. Geography studies latitudes and longitudes. It is linked with maps and geoi(d) Map is a two dimentional representation. Globe is a three dimentional representation. Geography is an art preparing maps.
Q.4. Who introduced systematic geographical approach?
Ans. Alexander Von Humboldt (a German Geographer) introduced systematic geography.
Q.5. Name the four main branches of Physical Geography.
Ans. (i) Geomorphology.
(ii) Climatology.
(iii) Hydrology.
(iv) Pedology.
Q.6. Name the branches of Human Geography.
Ans. (i) Physical Geography.
(ii) Human Geography.
(iii) Interaction of the two.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.1. You have seen elephants, deer, earthworms, trees and grasses. Where do they live or grow? What is the name given to this sphere? Can you describe some of the important features of this sphere?
Ans. The elephants, deer, earthworms, trees, and grasses grow in the physical environment.
The important feature of the physical environment are:
1. Physical environment includes natural phenomena such as climate, soil and vegetation.
2. Physical environment is also called us ecosystem.
Q.2. You have seen a tennis ball, a cricket ball, an orange and a pumpkin. Which one amongst these resembles the shape of the earth? Why have you chosen this particular item to describe the shape of the earth?
Ans. An orange resembles the shape of the earth. As the orange is bit flat on the top. The earth is also flat on its poles. The shape of the earth is Geoids.
Q.3. What important cultural features do you observe while going to school? Are they similar or dissimilar? Should they be included in the study of geography or not? If yes, why?
Ans. We observe the different features such as roads, railways, markets and other elements created by human beings. They are dissimilar. All these cultural features should be included in the study of geography because all these features are on the earth. The earth has always been seen as the home of human beings and we study all these features about the earth.
Q.4. How does technology help man?
Ans. The technology helps the man in the following ways:
(i) It helps the man to loosen the shackles of the physical conditions.
(ii) To develop resources and utilized them.
(iii) Technology helps man to reach the higher needs of the life. It increased the production of the crops and mobility of labour.
Q.5. How can we say the geography is an integrated discipline?
Ans. The geography is an integrated discipline is proved in the following ways:
(i) It is a discipline of synthesis. It includes spatial and temporal synthesis.
(ii) Its approach is holistic in nature. It recognises the fact that the world is a system of inter dependence. The present world is a global village.
(iii) The efficient transport and communication helped the world to become unified village.
(iv) The audiovisual media helped the data to be enriched.
(v) Technology provided better chances of monitoring natural phenomena as well as the economic and social parameters.
Q.6. How much time do you take to reach your school from your house? Had the school been located across the road from your house, how much time would you have taken to reach school? What is the effect of the distance between your residence and the school on the time taken in commuting? Can you convert time into space and vice versa?
Ans. The time is related with distance between the house and the school. The effect of the distance is on time. If the distance is longer the time taken will be more.
Time can be converted into space and the vice-versa. It depends on the mode of journey.
Suppose the distance is 2 km. and the time taken is 10 minutes. It can also be said that school is 10 minutes away (if one travels on foot).
Q.7. Define geography according to Richard Hartshorne and Alfred Hettner.
Ans. According to Richard Hartshorne, geography aims at the description and analysis of areal differentiation on the surface of the earth. According Alfred Hettner, geography studies that areal differences in different aspects on the surface of the earth.
Q.8. Why is geography known as body of knowledge?
Ans. In ancient times the aim of geography was to collect all general information concerning the earth. This knowledge was to collect all general information concerning the earth. This knowledge was based on travels by traders travellers settlers and conquerors. Geography included in knowledge about the shape and size of earth. Latitudes longitudes solar system etc. The subject of geography gathered much knowledge from other subjects. Therefore it is known as body of knowledge.
Q.9. Distinguish between Systematic and Regional Geography.
Ans.
| Systematic Geography | Regional Geography |
| 1. The study of a specific geographical factor over the earth or its part is called systematic approach in geography. | 1.Regional geography studies a particular region with reference to all geographical factors. |
| 2. It presents an integrated form of the area. | 2. It presents isolated form of area. |
| 3. The geographical factor may be climate. Then the climate of the world as a whole is studied. The climatic types and sub-types are recognised over the globe. Similarly the study of agriculture of India may be done. | 3. Each region is studied in its total setting, in every aspect, physical as well as human. |
Q.10. Do you celebrate Van Mahotsava in your school? Why do we plant so many trees? How do the trees maintain ecological balance?
Ans. Yes, we celebrate Van Mahotsava in our school. We plant so many trees because the trees are natural resources and are helpful to us in many ways.
The trees maintain ecological balance in the following ways:
1. Plants and animals are interlinked and interdependent on each other and the physical environment.
2. They together constitute ecosystem.
3. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen.
4. Add water vapour to atmosphere through transpiration.
5. Prevent soil erosion and provide shelter to animals.
Q.11. World is a system of interdependence. Discuss.
Ans. World is a system of interdependence. The present world is being perceived as a global village. The distance has been reduced by better means of transportation increasing accessibility. The audio visual media and information technology have enriched the database. The technology has provided better chances of monitoring natural phenomena as well as economic and social parameters. Geography as integrating discipline has interface with numerous natural and social sciences. Modern scientific techniques like G.I.S. and computer cartography keep us in development of natural level.
Q.12. What are the two ways of studying geographical problems?
Ans. There are two ways of studying geographical problems. One of the way is to select a geographical factor such as climate and study its mechanism to study the topology and to examine the causes and consequences of their spatial distribution on the surface of the earth. Alternately one can start with a region, a state or a river basin and study it from different perspectives to understand the uniqueness to diagnose its problems and to suggest policies and plans to solve the problems. In similar case, region is a common denominator. Scientific study of the causes and consequences of the spatial structure at the earth’s surface forms therein, a part of geography.
Q.13. Differentiate Physical Geography and Biogeography.
Ans. Physical Geography:
1. Physical geography deals with the natural features.
2. Under physical geography we study the things like mountains, rivers, natural vegetations and animal life, etc.
3. The subfields of physical geography are landforms, climate, water, soil, etc.
Biogeography: It is linked with economic geography, life science (botany and zoology). Biogeography is the study about plants and animals found on the earth’s surface and in hydrosphere.
LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.1. You observe every day in your surroundings that there is variation in natural as well as cultural phenomena. All the trees are not of the same variety. All the birds and animals you see, are different. All these different elements are found on the earth. Can you now argue that geography is the study of “areal differentiation”?
Ans. Variations in the natural as well as cultural phenomena provides a clue in understanding the relationship between physical environment and cultural features.
Geography studies the causes of these differences. According to Richard Hartshorne “Geography aims at the description and analysis of the area differentisation on the surface of the earth.”
According to Alfered Hettrur, “Geography studies the real differences in different aspects on the earth on the basis of causes and effect.”
According to Vidal de la Black the exact picture of a region is formed by the cooperation of actions of social and areal differences. Therefore Geography studies each factor separately and thin makes an integrated study of all this factors. This concept was also supported by Richard Hartshorne in 1950. According to him Geography is the studies of differentiation on the surface of the earth. It includes climate relief soil population land use and industries.
The existing variations over the surface of the earth in physical as well as cultural environment. A number of phenomena are similar and many are dissimilar. It is, therefore, logical to perceive geography as the study of a real differentiation.
Q.2. Discuss the scope of geography with changing times.
Ans. Ancient viewpoint of geography: The word Geography is a combination of two Greek words- (Geo+Graphes) which means ‘the earth and to write or describe’. Hence geography means to write about the earth including all that appears upon it. Geography is the description of the earth. In earlier times, its aim was to know facts about places and its people so as to get acquainted with the world. So the description concerning earth and people were catalogued under geography. These descriptions were brought through the narratives of conquerors, explorers, travellers and traders. Some Greek, Arab and Indian scholars laid the foundation of Geography as a science by studying the shape and size of the earth, latitude and longitude and the solar system. These scholars tried to understand the universe around us and the place of our planet within it.
Modern view-point of geography: Geography as a discipline, is a separate branch of science which describes the earth. Just as Geology is a study of rocks; Zoology, of animals, Botany, of plants, Geography is the study of an area and its environment. Geography is concerned with real differences and distributional relationship. It is, therefore, known as a chronological science also. Geography studies differences of places and people. It studies areas and all its natural and human features. Geography deals with the general environmental study of a region along with its chief characteristics.
Q.3. What do you mean by regionalization? Explain this method with the help of an example.
Ans. The process of identifying various regions is often called regionalization in geography. It is a study of a region at different levels continents, countries, local areas etc. in all its geographical aspects. It identifies the main geographical characteristics of a region. This aspect also includes the study of the status, that is the place of various regions, sub-regions, even smaller regions and the linkages between them in their interactions.
We may take Rajasthan as a geographical region for our example. Broadly the most prominent geographical factors operating in the area delimited by boundary of the state are its rocky and sandy terrain, its soils and arid climate, the expanses of desert, low lying base and occasional strips of agricultural land supported by local wells. The density of population is low, the means of communication are few and far between and most of them connect the important towns of state like Jaipur and Jodhpur. The human life and pattern of living are highly influenced by its arid and semi-arid climate.
We further try to identify sub-regions and their smaller regions on the basis of relevant factors. Thus Rajasthan may be divided into the arid north-west region and the partly forested hilly region of the south-east. The south-eastern region can be further classified into:
1. Nexmado hills.
2. the Udaipur hill complex.
3. the Luni border lands. and
4. the Aravalli hill complex on the basis of terrain and land use characteristics.
Each of these smaller regions can be further broken down into still smaller geographical regions. Thus regionalization is the technique of identifying and demarcating regions on the basis of factors which are regarded as most relevant at each stage of classification.
Q.4. You have already studied geography, history, civics and economics as parts of social studies. Attempt an integration of these disciplines highlighting their interface.
Ans. All the social science disciplines such as history, civics and economics study different aspects of social reality. Geography is closely linked with these disciplines. The core concerns of civics is territory, people and sovereignty while political geography is linked with the state of a spatial unit. Economics deals with economy such as production, distribution etc. and the economic geography to study the spatial aspect of production, distribution and consumption. It shows that the geography has strong interference with natural and social sciences.
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