NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education Important Chapter 3 Growth and Development During Adolescence

NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education Important Chapter 3 Growth and Development During Adolescence Solutions English Medium As Per New Syllabus. to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education Important Chapter 3 Growth and Development During Adolescence and select need one. NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education Additional Question Answers Download PDF. CBSE Class 10 Health and Physical Education Important Solutions.

NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education Important Chapter 3 Growth and Development During Adolescence

Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 10 Health and Physical Education Important Notes English Medium are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education Additional Notes, CBSE Class 10 Health and Physical Education Additional Question Answer for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Growth and Development During Adolescence

Chapter: 3

IMPORTANT QUESTION ANSWER

Short Questions and Answers

1. What is the duration of the adolescence stage?

Ans: Adolescence generally lasts from 10 to 19 years of age.

2. Which hormones’ secretion increases in males and females during puberty?

Ans: There is an increase in the secretion of testosterone in males, and estrogen and progesterone in females.

3. What causes the development of breasts in girls during adolescence?

Ans: Breasts begin to develop in girls due to the release of the estrogen hormone.

4. What is a “growth spurt” in adolescents?

Ans: The changes during adolescence that occur speedily and alter the body size and shape of an individual are called a growth spurt.

5. By what age is adult height generally reached?

Ans: Generally, adult height is already reached between the ages of 14 to 18 years.

6. What is the first menstruation in girls termed as?

Ans: The first menstruation is termed as menarche.

7. What is the normal age of menarche in India?

Ans: In India, the average age of menarche is 12-13 years.

8. What does the term ‘menopause’ mean?

Ans: Menopause is the term used when menstruation generally stops between the ages of 45 and 55 years.

9. Which instrument is used to measure blood pressure?

Ans: Blood pressure is measured by an instrument called a “Sphygmomanometer”.

10. What is the normal blood pressure for a healthy young adult?

Ans: In a normal healthy young adult, the blood pressure is 110/75 mm Hg.

11. What is abnormally high blood pressure called?

Ans: Abnormally high blood pressure is called hypertension.

12. How is Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated?

Ans: BMI is calculated by dividing your weight in kilograms by the square of your height in meters.

13. What is the normal BMI range?

Ans: The normal BMI range is 18 to 25.

14. What does pharmacology deal with?

Ans: Pharmacology deals with the biological effects of drugs, which are chemical substances used for healing, curing, slowing down, or preventing diseases.

15. Which muscle is used to measure the mid-arm circumference?

Ans: The mid-arm circumference is measured by placing the tape in the middle of the biceps (midway between the shoulder and elbow joint).

Long Questions and Answers

1. What are the major physical changes in body size and structure during adolescence?

Ans: Under the influence of growth hormones, body size increases and sex hormones stimulate the maturity of reproductive organs (gonads). In males, testes grow and start producing sperms, while in females, eggs begin to mature. The long bones, vertebrae, and limbs grow, causing the adolescent to gain height. The heart, lungs, and other internal organs also grow, and the muscle mass undergoes a spurt that peaks around 14 to 16 years of age. In females, the pelvis region undergoes a growth spurt and becomes wider.

2. What practices should be followed to maintain proper menstrual hygiene?

Ans: Regular bathing and washing are important to avoid infections during menstruation. Undergarments should be changed at least once a day, and synthetic cloth should be avoided. Cloth pads or sanitary napkins should be changed every four to six hours. If a reusable cloth is used, it must be washed thoroughly with soap and dried in the sun, as sunlight is an excellent disinfectant. Used sanitary pads must be wrapped in paper and safely disposed of in trash bins, deep pits, or incinerators.

3. Describe the psychosocial changes that occur during adolescence.

Ans: Psychosocial changes involve changes in thoughts, moods, attractions, and friendships as the adolescent becomes psychologically aware of self and society. During this transitional phase, adolescents build their own identity and personality but may get confused regarding their role in the family and society. They get attracted to the opposite sex and become highly dependent on peer groups, which can sometimes create stressful relationships with parents and elders. Identifying a ‘safety net’ among friends, parents, and teachers becomes very important during this phase.

4. What are the health and educational risks associated with adolescent or teenage pregnancy?

Ans: An adolescent mother is not mentally prepared for motherhood and is highly prone to anemia, maternal death, and developing complications during childbirth. The reproductive tract may also be damaged during delivery. Furthermore, infant death rates are higher among teenage mothers. Educationally and socially, early pregnancy and motherhood delay the development of the mother’s education and career, often causing economic and psychological problems that hamper the proper care of the infant.

5. How is a physical examination of the tongue conducted and why is it important?

Ans: Examining the tongue helps detect nutritional deficiencies, infections, nerve dysfunctions, or even cancer. A normal tongue is pink-red, rough on the upper surface due to taste buds (papillae), and fits comfortably inside the mouth without swelling. The examination involves making the tip of the tongue touch the roof of the mouth to inspect the ventral surface. Then, it is protruded to note its color and texture. Finally, using gloves and gauze, the protruded tongue is held between the index finger and thumb to feel for any tender areas.