NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education Chapter 2 Effects of Physical Activities on Human Body

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NCERT Class 10 Health and Physical Education Chapter 2 Effects of Physical Activities on Human Body

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Effects of Physical Activities on Human Body

Chapter: 2

ASSESSMENT

I. Answer the following Questions

1. Give one example to show that organ systems work in unison. You may mention two or more organ systems to support your point.

Ans: When we perform any physical activity, multiple organ systems work together as an integrated whole. For example, during motor movements, the brain (part of the nervous system) gives the command to move. The energy required for this movement comes from food digested in the intestine (part of the digestive system). Finally, this energy-giving food and oxygen are transported to all body parts by the heart (part of the circulatory system).

2. Ravi is a good athlete. Give one permanent effect of being an athlete on of systems his muscular system, and respiratory system.

Ans: (i) Effect on Muscular System: Because Ravi is a regular athlete, he will experience a long-term increase in muscle strength, and his muscle fibres will enlarge (increasing by up to 60 percent in size).

(ii) Effect on Respiratory System: Regular athletic training requires more oxygen, which exercises the lungs. As a permanent effect, the size of his lungs and the volume of his chest will increase because his diaphragm and rib muscles have strengthened.

3. “Physical activities are necessary for developing a healthy body and healthy mind.” Give two examples in support of this statement.

Ans: Example 1: Weight-bearing physical activities preserve bone mass and protect the body against bone degeneration (osteoporosis), keeping the skeletal system strong and healthy.

Example 2: Regular physical activities help in reducing bad cholesterol (LDL) and increasing good cholesterol (HDL), which prevents cardiac diseases and high blood pressure, keeping the heart and mind stress-free and healthy.

4. Complete the sentence—

The respiratory system gets positively affected by undertaking yoga exercises regularly because _______________.

Ans: The respiratory system gets positively affected by undertaking yoga exercises regularly because these asanas develop muscles of the chest, abdomen and lungs and make them active.

5. Mention two changes that take place in each of the circulatory and respiratory systems due to regular physical activities.

Ans: Changes in the Circulatory System:

(i) The size and capacity of the heart increase because the cardiac muscles develop and the walls of the heart thicken.

(ii) The resting heart rate decreases because the heart becomes highly efficient and can fulfill the body’s requirements with fewer heartbeats.

Changes in the Respiratory System:

(i) Unused or inactive alveoli (air sacs) become active, which increases the vital capacity of the lungs up to 5500cc.

(ii) The reaction time and efficiency of the respiratory muscles (diaphragm and ribs) improve, increasing overall lung power.