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Class 9 Computer Science Chapter 10 Recent Developments in It
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Recent Developments in It
Chapter – 10
COMPUTER SCIENCE
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Fill in the blanks.
(a) A multicore system has only one processing element within it.___(TRUE/FALSE).
Ans. FALSE.
(b) Processor temperature ____with a decrease in operating clock speed.
Ans. decreases.
(c) GPU stands for____.
Ans. Graphics Processing Unit
(d) In order to facilitate communication, the cores are embedded with _____in case of NoC.
Ans. router.
(e) Alexa is an example of_____.
Ans. Personal assistant applications.
(f) IVR stands for_____.
Ans. interactive voice response.
(g) The expected number of Io T devices connected to the Internet soon is ____ crores.
Ans. 2600.
(h) Amazon web service is____.
Ans. cloud service provider.
(i) Sending part of an application from the mobile device to powerful machines for its efficient execution is known as ____.
Ans. offloading.
DESCRIPTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
2. Short answer questions.
1. Define a multicore system. Is Intel i7 a multiple system? Explain briefly.
Ans. It is a system with multiple CPUs that allows processing programs simultaneously. These cores can individually read and execute program instructions.
Yes, Intel i7 is a multicore system. An Intel Corei7 is the fastest version of the Intel processor for consumer-end computers and devices.
Corei7 is embedded with Intel Turbo Boost Technology. The Intel Corei7 is available in two- to six-core varieties, and can support up to 12 different threads simultaneously.
2. What is GPU? Why do we need GPU in our computer system?
Ans. A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a computer chip that renders graphics and images by performing rapid mathematical calculations.
The GPU of our device is so important mainly because it makes games run more efficiently and makes them look better with higher resolution graphics and improved frame rates, or how many frames per second the game runs at.
3. Define 3D NoC architecture. What technology is typically used for connecting one layer with another in case of 3D NoC architecture?
Ans. The 3D architecture comprises 16 processors split into two tiers connected using a 4×2 NoC mesh network in each tier. Real measurements of applications running on 3D NoC can be performed after the chip is fabricated.
The technology that is typically used for connecting one layer with another in case of 3D NoC architecture is called through silicon via (TSV).
4. What is NLP? Mention one of the critical challenges of NLP.
Ans. Natural language processing (NLP) is a branch of artificial intelligence that helps computers understand, interpret, and manipulate human language.
One of the main challenges of NLP is finding and collecting enough high-quality data to train and test your models.
5. What is utility computing? Write one of the primary reasons for its popularity in recent times.
Ans. Utility computing is a service provisioning model where a provider makes computing resources, infrastructure management and technical services available to customers as they need them.
For most clients, the biggest advantage of utility computing is convenience. The client doesn’t have to buy all the hardware, software, and licenses needed to do business. Instead, the client relies on another party to provide these services.
6. What is mobile cloud computing? How does this technology become handy for the mobile phones to run several applications?
Ans. Mobile cloud computing uses cloud computing to deliver applications to mobile devices. These mobile apps can be deployed remotely using speed and flexibility and development tools. Mobile cloud applications can be built or revised quickly using cloud services.
7. Write one the major challenges of MCC while running critical user applications.
Ans. Several common problems encountered by MCC are privacy, personal data management, identity authentication, and potential attacks. The security issues are a major hindrance in the mobile cloud computing’s adaptability.
3. Long answer questions.
1. Is multicore system a good choice? Explain with its merits, demerits and challenges.
Ans. Yes, multi-core system is a good choice.
Let me now discuss some of the Merits and Demerits of multicore processors.
Merits of Multicore Processors
(1) Multicore processors can complete more work than single-core processors.
(2) It plays the best performance for multi-thread applications.
(3) Multicore processors can tolerate faults to a greater extent compared to unicore processor.
(4) They can process more data than single-core processors.
(5) They can complete more work while consuming low energy as compared to the single-core processor.
Demerits of Multicore Processors
(1) They are difficult to manage as compared to single-core processors.
(2) Expensive compared to single-core processors.
(3) Even though multiple cores are present in a multicore processor, the speed does not increase significantly compared to simple processors.
(4) The performance of the multicore processor depends upon how the user uses the computer.
(5) They consume more electricity.
2. What is near memory computation? How is it different from traditional computation? Why are scientists doing research on memory computation?
Ans. Near-memory computing (NMC) moves compute logic near the memory and thereby reduces data movement. NMC provides high bandwidth and energy efficiency by implementing computations in memory.
The traditional approach is to move data up to caches from the storage and then process it. However, NMC aims at processing close to where the data resides.
Computer scientists have long recognized that naive implementations of algorithms often result in a paralyzing degree of redundant computation. More sophisticated implementations harness the power of memory by storing computational results and reusing them later.
3. What is machine learning? Explain its importance in today’s era.
Ans. Machine Learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that develops algorithms by learning the hidden patterns of the datasets used to make predictions on new similar type data, without being explicitly programmed for each task.
Machine learning is important because it gives enterprises a view of trends in customer behavior and operational business patterns, as well as supports the development of new products. Many of today’s leading companies, such as Facebook, Google, ChatGPT, and Ola, Uber make machine learning a central part of their operations.
4. What is an artificial neural network? Differentiate between deep learning and reinforcement learning.
Ans. An Artificial neural network is usually a computational network based on biological neural networks that construct the structure of the human brain.
The differences between deep learning and reinforcement are as follows:
| Sl No. | Deep Learning | Reinforcement Learning |
| 1 | Reinforcement learning is a type of artificial intelligence that can be enhanced by the use of feedback, making it more comparable to the capabilities of the human brain than deep learning. | Deep learning is focused mostly on recognition and has a weaker connection to interactive learning. |
| 2 | Deep learning is able to execute the target behavior by analysing existing data and applying what was learned to a new set of information. | Reinforcement learning is able to change its response by adapting continuous feedback. |
| 3 | Deep learning is also referred to as hierarchical learning or deep structured learning. | Reinforcement learning has no other commonly used terms. |
| 4 | Deep learning works with already existing data as it is imperative in training the algorithm. | As for reinforcement learning, it is exploratory in nature and it may be developed without a current date set as it learns via trial and error. |
| 5 | Deep learning is one among the numerous machine learning methods. | On the other hand, reinforcement learning is an area of machine learning. |
5. Write a short note on cloud computing.
Ans. Cloud computing is the delivery of different services through the Internet, including data storage, servers, databases, networking, and software.
The main purpose of cloud computing is to give access to data centers to many users. Users can also access data from a remote server.
Some operations that can be performed with cloud computing are –
- Storage, backup, and recovery of data
- Delivery of software on demand
- Development of new applications and services
- Streaming videos and audio.
6. What do you understand by the term IoT? How can IoT impact human lives in the near future?
Ans. The term IoT, or Internet of Things, refers to the collective network of connected devices and the technology that facilitates communication between devices and the cloud, as well as between the devices themselves.
The future of IoT has the potential to be limitless.
(1) One of the most obvious impacts of IoT is the enablement of remote and flexible work.
(2) Another impact of IoT is the creation of smart and connected workplaces. With IoT devices and sensors, you can optimize your work environment for comfort, safety, and performance.
(3) IoT allows companies to automate processes and save money on labour.
(4) IoT impact can be felt in the development of smart cities, healthcare transformation, energy management, precision farming, and in improving manufacturing processes.
(5) The positive impact of the IoT on citizens, businesses and governments will be significant, ranging from helping governments reduce healthcare costs and improving quality of life.
(6) It also helps in increasing access to education in remote underserved communities, and improving transportation safety.
7. Explain MEC framework with a diagram. How is to different from MCC?
Ans. Multi-access edge computing (MEC), formerly mobile edge computing, is an ETSI-defined network architecture concept that enables cloud computing capabilities and an IT service environment at the edge of the cellular network and, more in general at the edge of any network.
The main difference to the MEC is that the resources in MCC are placed inside the cloud, whereas in the MEC, they are placed at the edge of the network.
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