Class 12 Geography Important Chapter 14 Settlement Patterns of India

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Class 12 Geography Important Chapter 14 Settlement Patterns of India

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Settlement Patterns of India

Chapter: 14

Sixth Group: Human Settlements of India

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER

Short Answer Questions:

1. What is meant by an industrial city?

Ans: Any small or large city that develops mainly by establishing industries as its primary function is called an industrial city.

2. What is meant by a defence city?

Ans: Cities like Ambala, Jalandhar, Udhampur, Pathankot, Mhow, Nasirabad, and Firozpur are all seen to have developed either around medieval forts or modern military cantonments. Such cities, centred on forts or military bases built for defence purposes, are called defence cities.

3. What is meant by a tourist city?

Ans: Cities like Nainital, Shimla, Jodhpur, Udaipur, Ootacamund, etc., in continental locations; Panaji, Vasco-da-Gama, Kanyakumari, Rameswaram, Puri, Digha, etc., on sea coasts; and Jaipur, Udaipur, Ellora, Khajuraho, etc., famous for cultural and historical heritage, are major attractions for tourists from India and abroad. Therefore, cities where tourism-related activities dominate are called tourist cities.

4. Where are examples of administrative cities found?

Ans: Examples of administrative cities are found in New Delhi, Chandigarh, Bhubaneswar, Dispur, and Gandhinagar.

5. Which cities are considered “commercial cities”?

Ans: Cities like Kolkata, Kanpur, Hapur, and Saharanpur are considered “commercial cities.”

6. Which cities are considered “transport cities”?

Ans: Kandla, Kochi, Mangalore, and Kakinada are considered “transport cities.”

7. New Delhi and Chandigarh are considered cities of which category?

Ans: New Delhi and Chandigarh are considered administrative cities.

8. What is meant by an ancient city?

Ans: Cities that emerged more than two thousand years ago as political, cultural, and commercial centres in different parts of India, and have continued to maintain urban functions to this day, are called ancient cities.

9. Name two types of permanent settlements.

Ans: The two types of permanent settlements are rural settlements and urban settlements.

10. What basis is the pattern of rural settlement formed?

Ans: The pattern of rural settlement is formed based on the area covered by houses, the distance between them, and their geometric arrangement.

11. Where are compact settlements generally formed?

Ans: Compact settlements are generally formed in the extensive agricultural lands and favourable locations of flood-free plains of North India.

12. How many types of rural settlement patterns are found in India?

Ans: Four types of rural settlement patterns are found in India.

13. Where are semi-clustered settlements generally found?

Ans: Semi-clustered settlements are mainly found in the plains of Gujarat and Rajasthan.

14. How are semi-clustered settlements formed in Rajasthan?

Ans: In Rajasthan, influential classes settle together around a large water reservoir, while the rest of the villagers live in small groups around smaller water sources located not far away.

15. Where are examples of semi-clustered settlements found in Assam, and who builds them?

Ans: In Assam’s Dhemaji district, newly migrated people from the same source area live together in the same locality, forming semi-clustered settlements.