Class 12 Geography Chapter 21 International Trade

Class 12 Geography Chapter 21 International Trade The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters SCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 21 International Trade and select need one.

Class 12 Geography Chapter 21 International Trade

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Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board/NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 21 International Trade Solutions for All Subject, You can practice these here…

International Trade

Chapter: 21

PART-2

GEOGRAPHY

TEXTUAL QUESTION & ANSWER

Q.1. Which one of the following is a landlocked harbor?

(a) Mumbai 

(b) Visakhapatnam 

(c) Error 

(d) Haldia

Ans :- (b) Vishakhapattnam

Q.2. Trade between two countries is termed as

(a) Internal trade 

(b) International trade 

(c) External trade

(d) Local trade

Ans :- (b) International trade

Q.3. Most of India’s foreign trade is carried through

(a) Land and air

(b) Land and sea

(c) Sea and air

(d) Sea

Ans :- (d) Sea

Q.4. Which one of the following is India’s largest trading partner(2004-2005)

(a) U. K. 

(b) U.S.A. 

(c) China  

(d) Germany

Ans :- (b) U.S.A.

VERY SHORT TYPE QUESTION & ANSWER

Q.5. Mention the characteristics of India’s foreign trade.

Ans :- The noted characteristics of India’s foreign trade are – India’s foreign trade increase in total volume of imports and exports.

(ii) India imports more items than its exports.  

(iii) Due to the rise in prices of crude petroleum in the international market. India’s trade deficit increases which is another characteristic of India’s foreign trade.

Q.6. Explain the meaning of hinterland.

Ans :- The area of a port from where the export items moves to the particular port. The area of that particular port is known as the hinterland Example : The cotton growing areas of Maharashtra, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka. All these regions are supplied cotton to Mumbai port.

Q.7. Name the ports of India located on the east coast. 

Ans :- The ports of India which are located on the east coast are –

(a) Tuticorin 

(b) Chennai 

(c) Ennore 

(d) Visakhapatnam 

(e) Paradip

(f) Haldia

(g) Kolkata.

Q.8. Distinguish between port and harbor.

Ans : Port :

(i) Port is a place where there are all facilities like landing boarding, loading and unloading of the ships is known as port. Example – Mumbai,

(ii) Ports are termed as the gateways of trade.

Harbour :

(i) Harbour is a shallow sea region along the coast and port where ships are anchored for landing boarding, loading and unloading is

known as harbour. Example – Mumbai harbour. 

(ii) Harbours are not called as the gateways of trade.

Q.9. Give the names of important items which India imports from different countries.

Ans :- The following table shows the important items which India imports from different countries.

Q.10. What do you understand about the Unfavourable Balance of Trade? 

Ans :- Balance of trade, or net exports as it is sometimes called, is the difference between the monetary value of exports and imports of an economy over a certain period of time measured in the currency of that economy. It is the relationship between a nation’s imports and exports. A positive balance is known as a trade surplus if it consists of exporting more than is imported; a negative balance is referred to as a trade deficit or, informally, a trade gap. The balance of trade is sometimes divided into a goods and a services balance.

Q.11. Give two major parts of East Coast of India

Ans :- Samse as Q.No.264

SHORT TYPE QUESTION & ANSWER : (MARKS – 3)

Q.12. Give a note on the changing pattern of India’s import. 

Ans :- Changing Pattern of the Composition of India’s Import :

(i) India faced a serious food shortage during the 1950s and 1960s.

(ii) Major items of import at that time were foodgrain, capital goods, machinery and equipment. 

(iii) Balance of payment was adverse as imports were more than export despite our best efforts of important substitution.

(iv) After the 1970s food grain import stopped due to the success of the green revolution but the energy crisis of 1973 pushed the prices of petroleum, and the import budget was also pushed up.

(v) Foodgrain import was replaced by fertilisers and petroleum.

(vi) Machine and equipment, special steel, edible oil and chemicals largely make the import basket.

India Composition of Import 1997-2004

Q.13. Discuss briefly the changing nature of India’s International Trade.

Aus :- The nature of India’s international trade has changed over the years. Though there has been an increase in the total volume of import and export the value of import and continued to be higher than that of exports. There is also an increase in trade deficit over the last several years. This increase in deficit is attributed to the price rise of crude petroleum which forms a major component of India’s import items.

India faced a serious food shortage during the 1950s and 1960s. The major item of import at that time was foodgrain, capital goods, machinery and equipment. After the 1970s, foodgrain import was discontinued due to the success of the green revolution but the energy crisis of 1973 pushed the prices of petroleum and the import budget was also pushed up. Machines and equipment, special steel, edible oil and chemicals make the import items.

The following table shows the India’s composition of import items during 1997-2004

Q.14. Write a note on the airports of India.

Ans :- Air transport plays an important role in the international trade. It has the advantage of taking the least time for carriage and handling high value or perishable goods over long distances It is very costly and unsuitable for carrying heavy and bulky commodities. This ultimately reduces the participation of this sector in the international trade as compared to the oceanic routes.

At present, there are 13 international airports and 112 domestic airports functioning in the country. They are – Ahmedabad. Amritsar, Bangalore Chennai, Delhi, Goad, Guwahati, Hyderabad, Kochchi, Kolkata, Mumbai and Thiruvananthapuram.

You have already studied about air transport in the previous chapter. You consult the chapter on transport to find out the main features of ais transport in India.

Q.15. What is the contribution of India in World Trade? 

Ans :- international trade has undergone a sea change in recent years in terms of volume, composition as well as direction. Although India’s contribution in world trade is as low as one percent of the total volume, yet it plays a significant role in the world economy.

In 1950-51, India’s external trade was worth Rs. 1,2140 million, which rose to Rs. 8,37.1330 million in 2004-05. There are numerous reasons for this sharp rise in overseas trade, such as, the momentum picked up by the manufacturing sectors, the liberal policies of the government and the diversification of markets. 

Though there has been an increase in the total volume of import and export, the value of import continued to be higher than that of exports. There has also been an increase in trade deficit over the last couple of years. This increase in deficit is attributed to the price rise of crude petroleum which forms a major component of India’s import list.

Q.16. Describe the changing Pattern of India’s International Trade.

Ans :- The nature of India’s international trade has changed over the years. Though there has been an increase in the total volume of import and export the value of import and continued to be higher than that of exports. There is also an increase in trade deficit over the last several years. This increase in deficit is attributed to the price rise of crude petroleum which forms a major component of India’s import items.

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