Class 12 Economics Important Chapter 19 Development Experience of India: A Comparison with Neighbours

Class 12 Economics Important Chapter 19 Development Experience of India: A Comparison with Neighbours Solutions English Medium As Per The New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters ASSEB Class 12 Economics Important Solutions in English and select need one. AHSEC Class 12 Economics Additional Notes Download PDF. HS 2nd Year Economics Additional Solutions.

Class 12 Economics Important Chapter 19 Development Experience of India: A Comparison with Neighbours

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Development Experience of India: A Comparison with Neighbours

Chapter: 19

PART – B: INDIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

IMPORTANT QUESTION AND ANSWER

Short Questions and Answers:

1. What common features did India, Pakistan and China share post-independence in their development approach?

Ans: All launched planned development via Five-Year Plans.

2. When did India, Pakistan and China start major economic reforms?

Ans: China 1978; Pakistan 1988; India 1991.

3. What does the LPG strategy in India emphasise?

Ans: Liberalisation, Privatisation, and Globalisation with a bigger private sector role and export-led growth.

4. Name two key global/regional groupings relevant to trade.

Ans: SAARC and ASEAN.

5. Which countries are in SAARC?

Ans: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan.

6. What was China’s Great Leap Forward (1958) aimed at?

Ans: Rapid industrialisation (including backyard industries).

7. What agricultural system did China adopt in 1958?

Ans: Commune system (collective cultivation).

8. What pricing reform did China introduce with market transition?

Ans: Dual pricing—some quantities at state prices, rest at market prices.

9. Why did China set up SEZs?

Ans: To attract FDI and boost exports/manufacturing.

10. Which country’s growth has been strongly manufacturing-led?

Ans: China.

11. Which sector increasingly drives India’s and Pakistan’s growth?

Ans: Services.

12. Who had the highest GDP growth in 1980–90 among India, Pakistan, China?

Ans: China (~10.3%).

13. Which country received large worker remittances aiding growth?

Ans: Pakistan (also Bangladesh).

14. What are two pillars behind Bangladesh’s recent growth?

Ans: Ready-made garments (RMG) exports and remittances.

15. Which country’s HDI rank (2021) is best among the four?

Ans: China (0.768; 79th).

Fill in the Blanks:

1. India adopted the LPG strategy in __________. 

Ans: 1991.

2. China began economic reforms in __________. 

Ans: 1978.

3. Pakistan adopted liberalisation and structural adjustment in __________. 

Ans: 1988.

4. SEZs in China were created mainly to attract __________. 

Ans: FDI.

5. China’s GDP growth in 1980–90 was about __________ per cent. 

Ans: 10.3.

6. In 2015–17, India’s GDP growth was about __________ per cent. 

Ans: 7.3.

7. Per capita income (PPP, 2017) was highest among the three in __________. 

Ans: China.

8. In employment, the highest agricultural workforce share is in __________ (about 43%). 

Ans: India.

9. China’s population growth rate in 2019 was about __________ per cent. 

Ans: 0.46.

10. Bangladesh’s garments sector contributes over __________ per cent of exports. 

Ans: 80.