NIOS Class 12 Tourism Chapter 20 Fundamentals of Travel Agency and Tour Operation Business Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 12 Tourism Chapter 20 Fundamentals of Travel Agency and Tour Operation Business Notes and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Tourism Chapter 20 Fundamentals of Travel Agency and Tour Operation Business Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Tourism Paper Code 337.
NIOS Class 12 Tourism Chapter 20 Fundamentals of Travel Agency and Tour Operation Business
Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Tourism Chapter 20 Fundamentals of Travel Agency and Tour Operation Business Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Tourism Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.
Fundamentals of Travel Agency and Tour Operation Business
Chapter: 20
| TEXTUAL QUESTION ANSWER |
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.1
1. What is meant by a travel agency?
Ans: A travel agency sells packages of wholesaler and earns revenues through commission, acts like a retail store for travel services.
2. Why are travel agencies and tour operations called intermediates?
Ans: Both are called intermediaries because they bring together clients and provide principal services and strengthen the selling and buying process both for the customer as well as the hotels.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.2
1. Mention the two major types of travel agencies?
Ans: A Wholesale Travel agency and a Retail Travel Agency.
2. What is meant by a retail travel agency?
Ans: It sells tourist products directly to the tourists.
3. What is mark-up price?
Ans: The difference between retail price and the wholesale cost is known as markup price.
4. What is a wholesale travel agency?
Ans: It buys service components in bulk from different suppliers, designs, packages, sells and resells them.
INTEX QUESTIONS 20.3
1. Who is a tour operator?
Ans: A tour operator, is an organisation, firm or company who buys travel components from different service, providers them into tour packages and gives them its own price tag and then sells either on its own directly to clients or through other intermediaries such as retailers.
2. Mention the different types of tour operators?
Ans: Domestic, inbound, outbound and ground operators.
3. What is the difference between inbound and outbound tour operators?
Ans: An Inbound operator handles foreign tourist and outbound operator handles tourists going to foreign countries from a host country.
4. Who is a domestic tour operator?
Ans: Operates within a host country and handles domestic tourists.
5. List some of the ground services.
Ans: Local transport, instructors, guides, events, car rentals, entertainment services etc.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.4
1. Who earns more revenue on commissions: a tour operator or a wholesaler?
Ans: A retail travel agency earns more revenue on commission.
2. List any two differences between a tour operator and a retail travel agency.
Ans: Tour Operator:
(i) It is a wholesaler.
(ii) It creates its own products
(iii) It is located in mega cities.
Retail Travel Agency:
(i) It works as a retailer.
(ii) It follows tour itinerary and as such as intermediary.
(iii) It may be anywhere in small towns, sub-towns and cities.
3. Mention any two important features of a Wholesale Travel Agency.
Ans: (i) It does not sell package tours directly to clients.
(ii) It makes bulk purchases of services and assembles them to sell into packages.
| Terminal Exercise |
1. What is meant by a travel agency and a tour operator?
Ans: Travel Agency Is a business in the tourism sector which helps the tourists arrange and plan their holidays, book tickets, accommodation, destinations and events, and all other facilities related to their travel with a budget boundary. Tour operators are organisations, firms or companies that buy individual travel components in bulk from suppliers and combine them to tour packages and sell them with their own price tag, directly or by middlemen.
2. Who are inbound, outbound, domestic and ground operators. Explain with examples.
Ans: (i) Inbound tour operators : Inbound tour operators handle incomíng foreign tourists. They are also known as incoming tour operators. They receive clíents and make arrangements in the host country. They’re the ‘mage bullders’ of a country as they promote tourism of a country. They make tour packages individually or collaborate with foreign tour operators.
Example: American tourists coming to India via XYZ Travels in India (inbound tour operator)
(ii) Outbound Tour Operators: Outbound Tour Operators promote tours to foreign destinations. They create and design multi-national tours and sell their tour package to people of their own country to go to another country. They take care of the travel documents, transportation, contacts with ground operators to render service for the tourists.
Example: A group of Indian citizens visiting America via XYZ India (outbOund tour operator).
(iii) Domestic Tour Operators: Domestic tour operators work inside of their home country and provide service to domestic travelers. They promote national integration and economic growth. They combine services into an inclusive tour for the domestic travelers and sell through their Own outlets or through retailers.
Example: tourists from Delhi visiting Kerala via Kerala Travels.
(iv) Ground Handlers/Operators: Ground Operators are operators who provide basic facilities like land arrangements on behalf of large tour companies which do not have access to regional places, They are also called ‘reception operator’, ‘destination management companies, ‘reception operator or ‘handling Agencies’. They secure and supervise all the services needed for the tourists in their area of operation. Ground services include land arrangement, escorting the tourists, handling of arrival and departure procedure and entertainment services.
Example: when an agency based in Delhi has to make arrangements in Kerala, then they contract with a local operator to make the arrangements.
3. Differentiate between retail and wholesale travel agencies from the tour
operators?
Ans: Retail and wholesale travel agencies help the tourists arrange and plan their holidays, book tickets, accommodation, destinations and events, and all other facilities related to their travel with a budget boundary.
(i) They do not own any services.
(ii) They are the image builders of a country.
(iii) They sell their service directly or indirectly and earn income.
Tour operators are organizations, firms or companies that buy ìndividual travel components in bulk from suppliers and combine them to tour packages and sell them with their own price tag, directly or by middlemen.
(i) They provide the services themselves and are owners of some services.
(ii) They are ‘manufacturers of tourism products’.
4. List out ground services and mention how they play an important role in travel industry.
Ans: Ground services include:
(i) Land arrangement
(ii) Escorting the tourists
(iii) Handling of arrival and departure procedure
(iv) Providing market information
(v) Arranging transportation
(vi) Entertainment services
They ensure the smooth operation of the tour package by providing services necessary for the tourists. Without basic facilities in the destination, the tourists will not be satisfied and this will lead to less arrival of tourists, which can lead to economic problems in the long run.
Thus, ground operators provide invaluable services to the agencies, the tourists as well as the country.
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