Class 11 Environment Chapter 6 Social Issues and Environment The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters Assam Board HS 1st Year Environmental Studies Chapter 6 Social Issues and Environment Question Answer.
Class 11 Environment Chapter 6 Social Issues and Environment
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board Class 11 Environment Chapter 6 Social Issues and Environment Notes for All Subjects, You can practice these here.
SHORT & LONG TYPES QUESTION & ANSWER MARKS:
1. What is meant by environmental ethics?
Ans: Environmental ethics means our proper behaviour towards the environment. Environmental ethics also include the laws and regulations enacted by the government for preservation of biosphere. So, we can say that the most important point of environmental ethics is for conserving biodiversity.
2. “We should not destruct forest for human settlement or establishment of industries.”- Justify the statement.
Ans: Due to the high rate of population increase the forests have been cleared to find new areas for settlements and establishment of industries. This has resulted in increasing ‘Green House Gases’ and this has caused “Global Warming and other manifestations associated with it. Again forests also provide us food, medicines and other products of commercial importance. So, destruction of forests itself is not ethical to our environment. Forests maintain the atmospheric balance. Hence, to maintain our atmosphere in balance we must stop destruction of forest and we should adopt the policy of afforestation.
3. How we can conserve biodiversity?
Ans: The most important point of environmental ethics is for Lenserving bindeversity. The following assertions based on the intrinsic value of species are important for conservation of biodiversity and protecting the ecosystems.
(i) Each species of plants and animals has a right to exist. Each species has values for its own sake, an intrinsic value unrelated to human needs. So, for our need and comfort we should not disturb them.
(ii) All species are interdependent. The loss of one species may have for reaching consequences for other members of the community. Killing of animals far the sake of sport or meat disturbs the whole food chain and ultimately adversely affects that ecosystem.
(iii) Human beings must limit their greed for self prestige and power and learn to live within the same ecological limitations as the other species do.
(iv) People must take responsibility for their actions. If some organisations individuals are responsible for polluting the environment, they must take corrective measures.
(v) People have a responsibility for future generation. In all of our actions we must think of keeping the planet clean and should not waste limited resources at least those resources which are non-renewable.
(vi) A respect for human life and ethnic diversity is compatible with respect for biodiversity.
(vii) We must learn aesthetic values from nature. The protection and presentation of our diversity only will provide us life supporting system as well as opportunities for economic upliftment.
(viii) Biodiversity must be protected to determine the origin of life.
4. Do you believe that plants and animals have right to exist?
Ans: Each species of plants and animals has a right to exist. Each species has values for its own sake, an intrinsic value unrelated to human needs. All species are interdependent. The loss of one species may have far reaching consequences for other members of the community. Killing of animals for the sake of sport or meat disturbs the whole food chain and ultimately adversely affects that ecosystem. So, for our need and comfort we should not disturb them.
5. Name some Acts, which were passed by the British governments.
Ans: Some notable Acts passed by the British governments were:
(i) Indian Fisheries Act, 1897
(ii) The Indian Ports Act, 1907
(iii) Bengal Smoke Nuisance Act, 1905
(iv) The Motor Vehicle Act, 1938.
(v) The Forest Act XVI, 1927.
6. Write short notes on :
(a) Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
Ans: The salient features of ‘Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 are as follows:
(i) It provides greater protection to wildlife and enhance the punishment for violations
(ii) It also brings about a complete prohibition of hunting of all specifie wildlife.
(iii) No hunting and trafficking licences are to be issued and existing licences are to be cancelled.
(iv) Commercial felling and exploitation of wildlife in sanctuaries have been banned.
(b) Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Ans: The following actions were taken by the government after the “Water Protection and Control of Pollution Act 1974” was passed.
(i) This Act banned throwing or adding substances to sources of water that can pollute it and also prevented any action which may affect the natural flow of water.
(ii) It also provided for establishment of laboratories in the states to examine specimen of water for detecting pollution.
(iii) The state boards on the basis of the reports of the laboratories can file cases against organisations/ individuals violating the provisions of the Act.
(c) The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
Ans: (i) Planning and execution of a nationwide programme for prevention, control and abatement of environmental pollution.
(ii) Laying down standards for the quality of environment, or emission or discharge of environmental pollutants.
(iii) Carrying out or sponsoring investigations and research relating to problems of environmental pollution or collection and determination of information or preparation of manual codes relating to the prevention, control and abatement of environmental pollution.
(d) The Motor Vehicle Act, 1988.
Ans: The salient features of the Motor Vehicles Act 1988 are as follows:
(a) From 01.10.89 every motor vehicle shall comply with the following emission standards:
(i) Idling emission limit for four-wheeler patrol driven vehicles shall not exceed 3 per cent by volume.
(ii) Idling emission limit for two-wheelers and three-wheelers petrol driven vehicles shall not exceed 4.5 percent by volume.
(iii) Some density for diesel driven vehicles shall be 65 HSU.
(b) Every transport vehicle to have a certificate of fitness.
(i) For violation of emission standards, penalty for first offence is Rs. 1,000 and for the subsequent offences is Rs. 2000 each. The offence is non-compoundable and only the court of law will impose penalty.
7. What constitutional provisions have been provided for protection of environment?
Ans: For the purpose of protection of environment some constitutional provisions have been provided.
These provisions are :
(i) The state shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country. (Article 48 A)
(ii) “If shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures.
8. Why has it become necessary to enact laws on environment?
Ans: After independence of India, the real awareness about environmental protection at global level was recognised at the United Nations Conference on Human Development at Stockholm (Sweden) in June 1972. This conference followed a series of actions including enactments of laws. For the purpose of protection and improvement of biosphere and human environment, it has become necessary to enact laws on environment.
9. What are the salient features of ‘Wildlife (Protection) Act,1972.
Ans: The salient features of ‘Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 are a follows:
(i) It provides greater protection to wildlife and enhance the punishment for violations.
(ii) It also brings about a complete prohibition of hunting of all specified wildlife.
(iii) No hunting and trafficking licences are to be issued and existing licences are to be cancelled.
(iv) Commercial felling and exploitation of wildlife in sanctuaries have been banned.
(v) Stocks of wildlife article held by dealers are to be verified and identity stamps placed on each.
(vi) A definite time table is proposed for the dealers to get rid of their stocks, after which there can be no trade in wildlife.
(vii) It also banned trade in imported ivory and its products and transportation of wildlife or products without permission.
10. What follow up actions were taken by the government after the ‘Water Protection and Control of Pollution Act 1974 was passed?
Ans: The following actions were taken by the government after the Water Protection and Control of Pollution Act 1974″ was passed.
(i) This Act banned throwing or adding substances to sources of water that can pollute it and also prevented any action which may affect the natural flow of water.
(ii) It also provided for establishment of laboratories in the states to examine specimen of water for detecting pollution.
(iii) The state boards on the basis of the reports of the laboratories can file cases against organisations/individuals violating the provisions of the Act.
(iv) The punishment for violation includes 6 year imprisonment and a fine of Rs. 5,000,.
11. What are the important points of “The Environmental Protection Act 1986′
Ans: The Act provides general powers to the central government to take all necessary measures for preventing, controlling and abating the environmental pollution.
The Act empowers the central government to take the following
(i) Planning and execution of a nationwide programme for prevention,
steps:
control and abatement of environmental pollution.
(ii) Laying down standards for the quality of environment, or emission or discharge of environmental pollutants.
(iii) Carrying out or sponsoring investigations and research relating to problems of environmental pollution or collection and determination of information or preparation of manual codes relating to the prevention, control and abatement of environmental pollution.
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