NIOS Class 12 English Chapter 5 Ecology And Environment

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NIOS Class 12 English Chapter 5 Ecology And Environment

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 English Solutions, NIOS Senior Secondary Course English Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Ecology And Environment

Chapter: 5

TEXTUAL QUESTION ANSWER

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.1

1. What does the Shantipath prayer encompass?

Ans: The prayer encompasses peace in various elements of nature, including the heavens, earth, waters, herbs, and trees, as well as blessings from divine entities for universal peace.

2. What is the significance of the Shantipath in Hindu tradition?

Ans: The Shantipath emphasises peace in both the external world and within each individual soul, reflecting the Vedic emphasis on harmony and well- being.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.2

1. What is the significance of forests according to the Rigveda?

Ans: The Rigveda emphasises the importance of not destroying forests and advocates for afforestation to maintain ecological balance.

2. What is the symbolic significance of animals and trees in Vedic mythology?

Ans: Animals and trees are often treated as representatives of certain deities or symbolic of divine principles in Vedic mythology.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.3

1. What is the subject of the Prithivi Sukta in the Atharva Veda?

Ans: Mother Earth (Prithivi) and the importance of protecting, preserving, and caring for the environment.

2. What does the Atharvaveda warn about regarding the preservation of the earth?

Ans: It warns that if the earth is not preserved, humans will suffer the consequences in a vicious cycle.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.4

1. Now fill in the blanks in the following sentences with either ‘will’ or ‘shall’.

(i) I ————— post this letter tomorrow.

Ans: Shall.

(ii) The examinations ————— begin next week.

Ans: Will.

(iii) I have not met my grandfather for a month now. I ————— see him next time.

Ans: Will.

(iv) __________ you please stop talking.

Ans: Will.

(v) _________ I serve dinner now?

Ans: Shall.

(vi) You ____________ not steal.

Ans: Will.

(vii) ______ you change this bulb for me?

Ans: Will.

2. Now fill in the blanks in the sentences below, with ‘would’ or ‘should’.

(i) He said his brother was in the Army and posted on the border and he had written to say that he ____________ come home on leave on the 6th.

Ans: Would.

(ii) The teacher said we __________ work harder.

Ans: Should.

(iii) You _____________ not eat so many sweets.

Ans: Should.

(iv) ____________ you pass the rice please?

Ans: Would.

(v) He said that the train was very late, but it ____________ arrive within the next fifteen minutes.

Ans: Would.

3. Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with ‘used to’ or ‘would’.

(i) When I was in primary school I ______________ hate going to school.

Ans: Used to.

(ii) My brother __________ bully me as a child. Then I _________ call out to my sister for help.

Ans: Used to , would.

(iii) In his youth, John _____ travel extensively, exploring different countries.

Ans: Used to.

(iv) The old bookstore downtown _____ be a popular meeting spot for intellectuals.

Ans: Used to.

(v) Sarah _____ speak three languages fluently when she was younger.

Ans: Used to.

(vi) Back in the 1980s, they _____ throw extravagant parties every month.

Ans: Would.

(vii) Before the company expanded globally, its headquarters _____ be a small office in the suburbs.

Ans: Used to.

4. Now, fill in the blanks in the sentences below with ‘would’, ‘wouldn’t’, ‘should’, ‘shouldn’t’.

(i) When we were in Delhi we _______ go to the zoo every week.

Ans: Would.

(ii) You ______________ read in bad light. It will harm your eyes.

Ans: Shouldn’t.

(iii) _________ you mind opening the window, please?

Ans: Would.

(iv) You __________ wear a helmet when you are driving a scooter.

Ans: Should.

(v) I ___________ like to speak to the manager.

Ans: Would.

(vi) __________ you like to try another cutlet?

Ans: Would.

5. Read the dialogue and fill in the blanks with ‘will’, ‘won’t’ and ‘would’:

Suresh: I ————— go to the library tomorrow.

Mohit: I know it may be difficult for you, but ————— you be able to pick me up?

Suresh: Yes, of course I —————. But I —————go late in the Evening.

Mohit: About what time ————— that be? I ————— be ready.

Ans: Will, won’t, will, will, would, will.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 5.5

1. Read each sentence carefully and identify the correct meaning of the underlined idiom. Choose the most appropriate option from the given choices.

(i) He always knows how to read between the lines during a conversation.

(a) Take everything literally.

(b) Understand the implied meaning.

Ans: (b) Understand the implied meaning.

(ii) When the teacher announced a surprise quiz, the students had to hit the books immediately.

(a) Literally strike their textbooks.

(b) Study intensively.

Ans: (b) Study intensively.

(iii) After a long day of hiking, Sarah was on cloud nine when she reached the mountain’s summit.

(a) Feeling extremely happy.

(b) Exhausted and tired.

Ans: (a) Feeling extremely happy

(iv) The new employee decided to burn the midnight oil to finish the project on time.

(a) Work late into the night.

(b) Literally set oil on fire.

Ans: (a) work late into the night.

(v) When faced with a challenging problem, it’s important to put your thinking cap on.

(a) Literally wear a special hat.

(b) Use your intelligence and think hard.

Ans: (b) use your intelligence and think hard.

(vi) Mark’s excuse for being late sounded fishy; it seemed like he was pulling my leg.

(a) Telling the truth.

(b) Teasing or joking.

Ans: (b) Teasing or jocking.

(vii) Despite facing many obstacles, Jane decided to bite the bullet and pursue her dream.

(a) Give up on her dream.

(b) Face a difficult situation with courage.

Ans: (b) Face up on her dream.

(viii) When the unexpected guests arrived, Mary had to think on her feet to prepare a quick meal.

(a) Literally stand on her feet.

(b) Quickly come up with a solution.

Ans: (b) Quickly come up with a solution

(ix) Peter’s plan to start his own business was a piece of cake compared to his previous job.

(a) Very challenging.

(b) Involving a literal cake.

Ans: (c) Extremely easy.

(x) The team’s victory was the result of everyone pulling together during the game.

(a) Working separately.

(b) Collaborating and working as a team.

Ans: (b) Collaboration and working as a team.

2. Use the following idioms in correct forms in the sentences below:

Have a finger in every pie.

Put our heads together.

Have all the facts on his fingertips.

Put her foot down.

Make head or tail of.

(i) Our questions were quickly answered as the travel agent _______________.

Ans: Had all the facts on his fingertips.

(ii) I can’t ____________ of this strange message.

Ans: Make head or tail.

(iii) Ravi knows a little about all the six different projects. Let’s ask him about your project as he _______________.

Ans: Has a finger in every pie.

(iv) Let’s ______________ and see if we can decipher this message in code.

Ans: Put our heads together.

(v) The principal __________ and told his clerks that he wasn’t going to grant him any more leave.

Ans: Put her foot down.

TERMINAL QUESTIONS

1. What do you understand about eco-spirituality and eco-care? Can you discuss

these ideas as they are enshrined in the Vedas.

Ans: Eco-spirituality connects human well-being to nature, viewing the environment as sacred and divine. Eco-spirituality is the recognition of the sacred connection between humans, nature, and the divine.

While eco-care involves actionable practices to protect and nurture it. Eco-care refers to the practical responsibility of caring for the environment—preserving natural resources, preventing exploitation, and ensuring sustainability.

2. What is the sacred importance given to the water from the Ganga as Ganga Jal? How do you think, this devotional cultural belief may be re-visited, towards purifying the Ganga? Can you take some lessons from the Namami Gange program?

Ans: Ganga Jal holds deep sacred importance in Hinduism, believed to possess the power to purify souls and wash away sins, symbolizing spiritual renewal and liberation.In Hindu belief, the Ganga is not just a river but a goddess (Ganga Maiya). Her waters, known as Ganga Jal, are considered pure and purifying. People believe that even a few drops of Ganga Jal cleanse sins and help the soul attain moksha (liberation).Ganga Jal is used in pujas, marriages, and last rites.During cremation, a few drops are put in the mouth of the deceased to ensure a peaceful journey of the soul.

3. In what way, does our sacred attitude to plants and trees like the tulsi and peepal important towards nature conservation?

Ans: A sacred attitude towards plants like the tulsi and peepal promotes nature conservation by creating a cultural imperative to protect them, leading to practices such as preserving sacred groves, nurturing individual plants, and fostering an understanding of their intrinsic value as living entities.Considered the “queen of herbs” in Indian tradition.

Worshiped daily in many households, kept in courtyards for health and purity.

Scientifically, Tulsi purifies the air and has medicinal properties.Regarded as sacred because Lord Vishnu and other deities are believed to reside in it.Worshioed especially on Saturday and during rituals.

4. What is the religious and cultural importance of sacred groves in India? In what way do they contribute to our environmental consciousness?

Ans: Sacred groves are religiously and culturally important as places for worship, rituals, and community gathering, often dedicated to deities or spirits who are believed to protect the grove and local people. Culturally, they preserve folk knowledge and traditional conservation practices. Environmentally, they contribute to biodiversity conservation, soil and water resource management, and local climate regulation by acting as refuges for flora and fauna, including rare and endemic species.Sacred groves are living temples of ecology—they combine faith, culture, and environment. By making nature sacred, they cultivate an environmental consciousness where protecting trees, water, and wildlife becomes both a duty to God and to society.

5. “The whole world is the body of God”. Discuss the aspirations in this quote.

Ans: The quote “The whole world is the body of God” implies an aspiration for environmental stewardship, interconnectedness, respect for all life, and a shift from a materialistic to a spiritual understanding of existence.This quote aspires to nurture oneness, reverence for nature, social harmony, and environmental stewardship, reminding us that spirituality is not apart from the world, but woven into the very fabric of life.

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