NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 22 Early Identification and Intervention

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NIOS Class 12 Early Childhood Care and Education Chapter 22 Early Identification and Intervention

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Early Identification and Intervention

Chapter: 22

INTEXT QUESTIONS 22.1

Fill in the blanks.

(a) _____________ can be defined as any limitation or restriction to perform developmentally appropriate activities.

Ans: Disability.

(b) Sensory impairment implies impairment of ________________.

Ans: Sensory organs.

(c) Children with _________________ may experience difficulty in responding to the regular forms of care and discipline.

Ans: Behavioural issues.

(d) _______________ refers to an impairment of cognitive abilities that manifests as a certain type of learning-related disability.

Ans: Learning disability.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 22.2

State whether the following statements are true or false:

1. Early identification can significantly increases the social, behavioral or learning difficulties of children with disabilities.

Ans: False.

2. Preschool teachers are at disadvantageous position to catch the early signs and symptoms of a developmental delay or disability.

Ans: True.

3. Development in early childhood years is characterized by broad variability in rates and patterns of maturation.

Ans: True.

4. Identifying is about recognising difficulties quickly and making prompt interventions.

Ans: True.

5. Poor memory for what should be routine, is associated with motor skills.

Ans: False.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 22.3

Explain the following terms listed below in one sentence only:

1. Screening.

Ans: Determining areas where children need assistance.

2. Comprehensive evaluation.

Ans: Determining child’s specific pattern of abilities and needs and identifying to address the needs.

3. Early intervention.

Ans: Providing support as early as possible to work on the children’s developmental, health and other needs.

4. Risk indicators.

Ans: A range of environmental, biological, genetic, and prenatal conditions.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 22.4

Match column A with column B.

Column A	Column B
1. Occupational therapy	(i) speaking
2. Physiotherapy	(ii) individual plan for each child
3. Speech therapy	(iii) supportive learning environment
4. Supportive and structured	(iv) self-help skills
5. Developmentally appropriate	(v) balance, sitting, crawling

Ans:  

Column A	Column B
1. Occupational therapy	(iv) self-help skills
2. Physiotherapy	(v) balance, sitting, crawling
3. Speech therapy	(i) speaking
4. Supportive and structured	(iii) supportive learning environment
5. Developmentally appropriate	(ii) individual plan for each child

INTEXT QUESTIONS 22.5

Fill in the blanks.

1. _______________ can help prevent impairments and secondary health conditions in children with disabilities.

Ans: Assistive technology.

2. Assistive technology can _____________ the quality of life of both children and their families through communication, mobility and self-care.

Ans: Enhance.

3. Wheelchairs, scooters, walkers, canes, crutches are examples of _____________ aids.

Ans: Mobility.

4. Many people with disabilities and their families have _____________ awareness of assistive products and services.

Ans: Limited.

Terminal Exercises

1. What do you mean by “Children with Disabilities”?

Ans: The term, children with disabilities, is used to refer to the children with disabling health conditions or impairment or as a result of illness, poor nutrition or injury. 

2. List the areas in which children may exhibit a disability.

Ans: The major disabilities listed are:

(i) Sensory impairment.

(ii) Developmental disabilities.

(iii) Learning disability.

(iv) Behavioural issues.

(v) Mental and psychological conditions.

(vi) Medical conditions.