NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Chapter 21 Building Blocks of Life Cell and Tissues

NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Chapter 21 Building Blocks of Life Cell and Tissues Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Chapter 21 Building Blocks of Life Cell and Tissues and select need one. NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Chapter 21 Building Blocks of Life Cell and Tissues Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 10 Science and Technology Notes Paper 212.

NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Chapter 21 Building Blocks of Life Cell and Tissues

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Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 10 Science and Technology Chapter 21 Building Blocks of Life Cell and Tissues, NIOS Secondary Course Science and Technology Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Building Blocks of Life Cell and Tissues

Chapter: 21

INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.1

1. Mention whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Rewrite the wrong statements correctly.

(i) Cell membrane permits inflow and outflow of all molecules. T/F

Ans: F. It allows only selected substances to pass into and out of the cell.

(ii) Chloroplast and not chlorophyll is an organelle. T/F

Ans: T.

(iii) Ribosomes are often called suicide bags. T/F.

Ans: F. Lysosomes are often called suicide bags.

2. Name the part of the cell which:

(i) Provides rigidity to the plant cell. _____________ 

Ans: Cell wall.

(ii) Bounds semi-fluid content of the cell. _____________ 

Ans: Plasma membrane.

(iii) helps in intra-cellular distribution of molecules, enzymes and nutrients within the cell. _____________

Ans: Cytoplasm.

3. Match the following items in Column A with those in Column B.

Ans: 

4. All cells of organisms have 3 basic parts. Draw and name them.

Ans: Cell showing cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus.

5. Explain in your own words the three salient points of the cell theory in one sentence each.

Ans: Three salient points of the cell of the cell theory in one sentence each are mentioned below: 

(i) Body of all the living organisms are made of cells.

(ii) New cells arise by division of pre-existing cells.

(iii)  Function of the body rebuilt from functions of its cells

INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.2

1. A seedling grows into a small plant. What kind of division causes this — mitosis or meiosis?

Ans: Mitotic division.

2. Our nails have to be cut occasionally. Which kind of cell division makes the nails long?

Ans: Mitosis.

3. Name the type of cell division that occurs during the following events:

(i) Repair of skin and injury _______________. 

Ans: Mitosis.

(ii) Formation of eggs and sperms in animals _____________.

Ans: Meiosis

(iii) increase in the length of the stem in plants ____________. 

Ans: Mitosis.

4. Out of the following organs where does meiosis occur? Hair, liver, testis (male reproductive organ), cheek cell, ovary (female reproductive organ).

Ans: Testis, ovary.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 21.3

1. Name the following:

(i) The kind of tissues present at the stem tip of a flowering plant.

Ans: Meristematic.

(ii) The tissue which connects muscle to the bone.

Ans: Unstriped or unstriated muscle.

(iii) The kind of tissue which forms the inner lining of blood vessels.

Ans: Stem cells.

(iv) Undifferentiated cells which can divide through mitosis and differentiate into specialised cell types.

Ans: The stem cell divided the mitosis and differentiate into specialised cell types.

2. Where do you find the following in the human body?

(i) Nodes of Ranvier.

Ans: Nerve cell.

(ii) Ciliated epithelium.

Ans: Inner lining of stomach/inner lining of intestine/inner lining of trachea (windpipe).

(iii) Smooth muscles.

Ans: Wall of blood vessels/urinary bladder/uterus.

(iv) Fluid connective tissue.

Ans: Blood and lymph.

3. In the flow chart given below fill in the blanks.

Ans: (a) (i) Meristematic. 

(3) Protective. 

(5) Conducting.

(b) Connective.

(c) Muscular.

(d) Nervous.

(e) Skin.

(f) Limb.

1. Name the kind of plant tissue found.

(i) At the growing parts of the plant.

Ans: Meristematic tissue.

(ii) At the root tip. 

Ans: Apical meristem.

(iii) in vascular bundles. 

Ans: Xylem and phloem.

(iv) in the inner lining of the intestine. 

Ans: Epithelial.

(v) Connecting the adjacent muscle fibres. 

Ans: Tendons.

2. State one point of difference between the following (one key difference only). 

(i) Cytoplasm and protoplasm. 

Ans: Protoplasm has a nucleus but cytoplasm does not.

(ii) Cell wall and cell membrane. 

Ans: cell membrane is present in plant and animal cell and cell wall is present in plant cells only.

(iii) Ribosomes and mitochondria.

Ans: Ribosomes help in protein synthesis and mitochondria helps in providing power in cells.

(iv) Blood and lymph. 

Ans: The body temperature is controlled by the blood whereas the body works against the pathogens by the help of the lymph.

(v) Cell and tissue. 

Ans: The fundamental unit of the body is known as the cell and this group of cells made a tissue.

(vi) Cartilage and bone. 

Ans: Bone is hard whereas cartilage is not like that; it’s soft.

(vii) Meristematic tissue and permanent tissue. 

Ans: Permanent tissue doesn’t help in growth but meristematic does.

3. Answer these questions. 

(i) Which cell organelle is responsible for the release of energy in the form of ATP?

Ans: Mitochondria is responsible for the release of energy in the cell in ATP form.

(ii) What is the significance of cell membrane?

Ans: The outer cover of the cell of plant and animal is known as the cell membrane. The cell membrane protects the cell inner side.

(iii) Why are mitochondria known as the ‘powerhouse’ of the cell? 

Ans: As the mitochondria provides the energy to every organ of the cell this mitochondrion is known as the powerhouse of the cell.

(iv) What will happen to a cell if its nucleus is removed?

Ans: The whole body or the cell are controllable by the nucleus so when it will remove the cell doesn’t work properly or damage.

(v) Is this statement true or false: Plant cells have chloroplasts, but no mitochondria? Justify your answer. 

Ans: The works of mitochondria is to provide the energy to the cell in the plant body whereas the chloroplast also makes the energy for the different plant cell.

(vi) Mention three features found only in plant cells and one found only in animal cells. 

Ans: Chloroplasts, cell wall, globoids only present in plant cell. And in plant cell lysosome present.

(vii) Name three kinds of permanent tissues found in plants. Write one function of each. 

Ans: The three kinds of permanent tissue are mentioned below:

(a) Parenchyma.

(b) Collenchyma.

(c) Sclerenchyma.

(viii) What is a protective tissue? Why is epidermis considered as a protective tissue? 

Ans: Protective tissues are the tissues that are present in the outermost part of the plant(leaves, stem, roots, etc.) that are responsible for protecting the plant body.

It acts as the first line of defence against various types of diseases and infections. It is the outer most layer i.e; it is the first layer of the plant body. It protects the other parts of the body from injuries, bacterial attacks etc.

(ix) What is stem cell technology? Give its two uses in disease control.

Ans: Stem cells are progenitor cells that are capable of self renewal and differentiation into many different cell lineages. Stem cells have potential for treatment of many malignant and non-malignant diseases. Peripheral blood stem cells are used routinely in autologous and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Two uses in disease control are: 

(i) Regenerative medicine: Doctors hope to use stem cells to replace or repair damaged tissues and organs affected by diseases like heart disease, diabetes, or Parkinson’s. By transplanting healthy cells grown from stem cells, they aim to restore functionality and potentially reverse the course of the disease.

(ii) Disease research: Scientists can use stem cells to create models of specific diseases in a lab setting. By studying how stem cells develop into diseased cells, researchers can gain valuable insights into the causes of illnesses and develop new treatments.

4. Given below is an incomplete table relating to certain structures found in animal/ plant cell, their location and function.

Study the table and then give the appropriate answer in terms of structure, location and function for the blanks numbered from 1 to 9.

Ans: 

5. Given alongside is a figure of a cell. 

(i) Is this a plant cell or an animal cell? 

(ii) Name the parts labelled a, b, c, d and e. 

(iii) Which of these parts help(s) in protein synthesis? 

(iv) Which of these parts is also known as the powerhouse of the cell? Give reasons in support of your answer. 

(v) Write the most important function of part labelled ‘a’

Ans: