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NIOS Class 10 Indian Culture and Heritage Chapter 1 Culture: An Introduction
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Culture: An Introduction
Chapter: 1
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
Intext Questions 1.1
Q.1. How can you say that Culture and sanskriti carry the same meaning?
Ans: Culture means refining or cultivating and sanskriti also means to do, thus cultivating ay to do are the synonyms.
Q.2. Fill in the blanks:
(a) All the achievements of the human beings and groups can be called ______.
Ans: Culture.
(b) Culture has two distinctive components viz. material and ______.
Ans: Non-material.
Intext Questions 1.2
Q.1. What is the difference between culture and civilization?
Ans: Culture means how we behave or live. lt is the refinement of our thoughts and actions. Civilization on the other hand, means the way we live or how we make our living better.
Q.2. Give two similarities of culture civilizaton.
Ans: Culture and civilization are similar in the way that with time changes occur in both and we can say that civilization is an advanced state of culture as it improves the living of the people.
Intext Questions 1.3
Q.1. What is cultural heritage?
Ans: The culture We inherit from our forefathers is called the cultural heritage.
Q.2. Give some examples of cultural heritage.
Ans: Architectural creations, monuments, material artefacts like the Taj, the Red fort,treasures of knowledge like Vedas and Upanishads and other scientific and intellectual achievements of our forefathers are some examples of our cultural heritage.
Intext Questions 1.4
Q.1. What is meant by permissible behaviour pattern?
Ans: Permissible behaviour pattern is the way one should act appropriately and how an activity should be performed or conducted. It means it is the ideal pattern of behaviour expected from an individual.
Q.2. How can you say that culture is dynamic?
Ans: Culture si dynamic as it changes with changing time giving place to new ideas,techniques etc. constantly.
Intext Questions 1.5
Q.1. what does culture provide for a decent life?
Ans: Culture provides us with ideas,ideals and values to understand the meaning of life and lead a life full of three eternal and universal values of truth, beauty and goodness. Thus culture teaches us the values of love, tolerance and peace.
Q.2. Which individual would be called uncultured in society?
Ans: A person who lacks love, tolerance and peace in thought and in his actions may be called an uncultured person in the society.
TERMINAL EXERCISES
Q.1. How will you define the concept of culture?
Ans: Culture can simply be defined as the way we live and behave in society. It is the traditions,philosophies and environment created by the human beings for their comfortable living.
Q .2. How is Culture and civilization synonymous?
Ans: Firstly, culture and civilization are both the mediums of making human life comfortable and better. both work towards improving the state of living and thinking in human beings.
Secondly, Culture and society are both dynamic in nature as they both change with changing times. As the Time changes, the thoughts and the needs of the people also change and thus the culture and civilization change accordingly.
Q.3. What is cultural heritage?
Ans: All the aspects or values of culture, monuments and architectural creations, philosophies, and treasures of knowledge transmitted to human beings from their ancestors are called the cultural heritage. Buddhisim, the Taj Mahal, the Vedas and the Upanishads are some examples of our cultural heritage.
Q.4. What are the general characteristics of culture?
Ans: Following are some general characteristics of culture:
(a) Culture is learned and acquired from ancestors and is influenced by the physical and social environment of human beings through which they operate.
(b) Culture is shared and followed by a group of people.
(c) Culture is cumulative as new knowledge keeps on adding to the previous knowledge acquired by the previous generations and is passed on to the next generation.
(d) Culture is dynamic in nature. It keeps on changing constantly with time.
(e) Culture provides us with codes of conduct, which one should follow in the society.
(f) Culture contains various mutually interdependent parts forming culture as a whole.
SOME OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION
Multiple Choice Questions
Q.1. All the achievements of human beings as members of ______ groups can be called culture.
(a) Economic.
(b) Social.
(c) Religious.
(d) Philosophical.
Ans: Social.
Q.2. Culture has been derived from ______ term ‘cult” or cultus’.
(a) Latin.
(b) Sanskrit.
(c) French.
(d) Persian.
Ans: Latin.
Q.3. Sanskriti is derived from the Sanskrit root ‘Kri’ meaning to ______.
(a) Run.
(b) Live.
(c) Do.
(d) Behave properly.
Ans: Do
Q.4. This is not a characteristic feature of culture.
(a) Dynamic.
(b) Cumulative.
(c) Diverse.
(d) Universally applicable.
Ans: Universally applicable.
Q.5. All aspects or values of culture transmitted to humans from ancestors are called ______.
(a) Culture.
(b) Civt.
(c) Cultural heritage.
(d) None of these.
Ans: Cultural heritage.
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.1. ‘Culture has two distinctive components.’ Name them.
Ans: Material and non -material components.
Q.2. Give three examples of material components of culture.
Ans: Dress, food and household goods are examples of material components of culture.
Q.3. Give three examples of non-material components of culture.
Ans: Ideas, thoughts and beliefs are examples of non- material Components of culture.
Q.4. What is the code of conduct expected from an individual in the society called?
Ans: Range of permissible behaviour.
Q.5. Name the characteristic feature of culture which explains the constant changing nature of the culture.
Ans: Culture is dynamic in nature.
Q.6. Name any three aspects of cultural heritage.
Ans: Architectural creations, philosophy and pleasure of knowledge.
SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.1. From which Latin team ‘culture ‘ has been derived and What does it mean?
Ans: ‘Culture’ has been derived from the Latin term ‘Cult ‘ or ‘Cultus’ meaning refining or cultivating.
Q.2. What do you mean by culture?
Ans: Culture may be defined as the expression of our nature in our modes of living and thinking in different aspects of life.
Q.3. What do you mean by the material components of culture?
Ans: Material components of culture means the aspects of culture related to the material life For example the food we eat or the clothes We wear.
Q.4. What do you mean by the non-material components of culture?
Ans: Non-material components of culture means those aspects of culture which are related to the non-material part of life like our thinking, our beliefs, and our ideas.
Q.5. What do you mean by cultural heritage?
Ans: The culture we inherit from our previous generations is called our cultural heritage.
Q.6. How are the terms culture and sanskriti related to each other?
Ans: The word culture is derived from Latin team Cult or Cultus which means tilling or refining. Sanskrit root ‘Kri’ which also means to do or work towards the refinement of life. Thus, culture and sanskriti means the same.
Q.7. How is Culture important?
Ans: Culture is very important for human beings as it is closely related to life and gives meaning to our lives. It makes us ethical beings and teach us the values of love, tolerance and peace.
