NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 20 Sector Aspects of Indian Economy

NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 20 Sector Aspects of Indian Economy Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 20 Sector Aspects of Indian Economy and select need one. NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 20 Sector Aspects of Indian Economy Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 10 Economics Notes Paper 214.

NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 20 Sector Aspects of Indian Economy

Join Telegram channel

Follow us:

Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 20 Sector Aspects of Indian Economy, NIOS Secondary Course Economics Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Sector Aspects of Indian Economy

Chapter: 20

MODULE 7: INDIAN ECONOMY

TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS (SOLVED)

INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.1

Q.1. Which of the following is a part of primary sector? 

(a) Fishery.

(b) Electricity.

(c) Banking.

Ans. (a) Fishery.

Q.2. Which is the largest sector in terms of share working population in India?

Ans. Agriculture.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.2

Q.1. How much was the foodgrain production of India in 2008-2009?

Ans. 234 million tonnes.

Q.2. Give three examples of products from food processing industry.

Ans. Bread, fruit jam and pickles.

Q.3. What was the share of agriculture in National Income at the time of independence?

Ans. More than 50%.

Q.4. How much has agriculture contributed to India’s income in 2009-2010?

Ans. 15%.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.3

Q.1. Define small-scale industry.

Ans. An industry which can be established by spending a minimum of ₹ 25 lakhs on plants and machinery is called a small-scale industry.

Q.2. What was the share of industrial sector in National Income in 2009-10?

Ans. 28%.

Q.3. Give two examples of infra- structure.

Ans. (i) Telephone Tower.

(ii) Hirakud Dam.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.4

Q.1. What was the share of service sector in employment in 2009-2010?

Ans. 29.4%.

Q.2. What was the share of service sector in National Income of India in 2009-2010?

Ans. 55.2%.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.5

Q.1. Give one benefit of making payment by cheque?

Ans. Safety of payment.

Q.2. “Transportation of foodgrain” is a part of which sector:

(a) Agriculture.

(b) Industry.

(c) Service.

Ans. (c) Service.

TERMINAL EXERCISE

Q.1. Name the sub-sector of primary sector. 

Ans. Following are the sub-sectors of primary sector:

(i) Agriculture and allied activities.

(ii) Fishery. 

(iii) Forestry.

(iv) Mining and quarrying. 

Q.2. Name the sub-sectors of secondary sector. 

Ans. Following are the sub-sectors of secondary sector : 

(i) Manufacturing.

(ii) Construction.

(iii) Gas, Water and Electricity Supply. 

Q.3. Name the sub-sector of tertiary sector.

Ans. Following are sub-sectors of tertiary sector:

(i) Trade, Hotels and Restaurants.

(ii) Transport, storage and communication.

(iii) Financial services such as Banking, insurance etc.

(iv) Real Estate and Business Services. 

(v) Public administration.

(vi) Other services.

Q.4. Explain the role and importance of Primary Sector. 

Ans. Role and Importance of Primary Sector: Following points show the role and importance of primary sector:

(i) Its contribution to national income in 2009-2010 was 15%.

(ii) It provides employment to the largest section of population. About 50 per cent of India’s population was working in agriculture in the year 2009-2010.

(iii) It provides food to millions. The total foodgrain production of India in 2008-2009 was around 234 million tonnes. 

(iv) It provides raw materials to industries such as sugar, jute, cotton textile, vanaspati etc.

Q.5. Explain the role and importance of Secondary Sector.

Ans. Role and Importance of Secondary Sector: Following points explain the role and importance of secondary sector.

(i) Its share was 28 per cent in India’s. domestic product. 

(ii) It largely contributes to providing employment opportunities to India’s population nearly 3 crores. 30 lakh people are employed in both small and large scale industries. 

(iii) It contributes a lot in the creation of infrastructures.

(iv) It provides consumer goods such as the clothes, the pen, the tooth brush, soap, shoes, cycle, scooter, cars etc.

Q.6. Explain the role and importance of tertiary sector.

Ans. Role and Importance of Tertiary Sector: Following points indicate the role and importance of tertiary sector:

(i) It contributes to national income. In 2009-2010, it contributed 55.2% in GDP.

(ii) It contributed to employment out of the total employment level in the country. This sector has absorbed 29.4 per cent of them in 2009-2010. In times to come, this figure is going to increase in future.”

(iii) It attracts funds from foreign countries. People from foreign countries are showing more interest to invest money in this sector to earn profit. Banking, insurance, trade, transport, hotel services combined have attracted more than 1 lac 18 thousand crore rupees from foreign countries in the form of direct investment.

(iv) This sector is earning foreign currencies in the form of dollar, euro, yen, pound. In recent years, India’s service sector has contributed a lot in earning foreign exchange for the country through exports. Our business services which include IT, consultancy, legal service etc. have become world standard.

Q.7. How are the three sectors of the economy interlinked by complementing and supplementing each other?

Ans. All the three sectors of an economy are interlinked. It can be explained with the help of an example. Suppose Hari Singh is a farmer. He needs diesel pump to irrigate his land. Besides pumps, there are many other inputs such as fertilizer, pesticides, plough, tractor etc. are required for cultivation. These things are supplied by industry. In return, people, working in industries and services get food supplied by the agricultural sector. Service sector facilitates and ensures these transactions between agriculture and industry.

SOME IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATIONS

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1. Give the classification of various goods and services.

Ans. (i) Food items. and

(ii) Non-food items.

Q.2. Give three examples of food items.

Ans. (i) Foodgrains.

(ii) Fruits.

(iii) Vegetables.

Q.3. Give three examples of non-food items.

Ans. (i) Clothes.

(ii) Shoes.

(iii) Furniture.

Q.4. What is cultivation?

Ans. Cultivation means working on the fields to raise crops.

Q.5. What does forestry refer to?

Ans. Forestry refers to collection of forest products and selling them in the market.

Q.6. What do forest product include? 

Ans. Forest products include timber, fire- wood, herbal medicines etc.

Q.7. What is mining?

Ans. Mining is extracting minerals from earth.

Q.8. What is fishery?

Ans. Fishery is an occupation in which people catch fish in ponds, rivers or sea to sell them in the market.

Q.9. How are agriculture, forestry, mining, livestock and fishery related to each other?

Ans. They are complementary to each other.

Q.10. Give three examples of cities in India.

Ans. (i) Jaipur.

(ii) Ahmedabad.

(iii) Pune.

Q.11. Give three examples of Metro.

Ans. (i) Delhi.

(ii) Chennai.

(iii) Mumbai.

Q.12. Classify the non-agricultural activities.

Ans. (i) Secondary Sector.

(ii) Tertiary Sector.

Q.13. What does manufacturing imply?

Ans. Manufacturing implies production of goods by using raw material in manufacturing units called factories and industries.

Q.14. Classify industries in terms of size and expenditure involved.

Ans. (i) Small Scale Industries. and

(ii) Large Scale Industries.

Q.15. Give any four examples of small scale industries.

Ans. (i) Shoe Factory.

(ii) Textile Unit.

(iii) Printing.

(iv) Glass making.

Q.16. What do you mean by construction?

Ans. Construction means construction of residential and non-residential buildings, roads, parks, bridges, dams, air ports, bus-stops etc.

Q.17. Which sub-sector in the primary sector is the prèdominance occupation and in which about 50% of India’s population was working in agriculture in the year 2009-10?

Ans. Agriculture.

Q.18. How much agriculture contributing to national income at the time of independence? 

Ans. At the time of independence, agriculture was contributing more than 50% to national income.

Q.19. What was the share of agriculture to the contribution of national income in 2009-2010?

Ans. 15%.

Q.20. Which occupation is the mainstay of Indian economy?

Ans. Agriculture.

Q.21. What percentage of our population depended on agriculture and allied activities to earn livelihood at the time of independence?

Ans. 70%.

Q.22. Give any two points of importance of agriculture. 

Ans. (i) Agriculture provides raw materials to industries.

(ii) It provides food to million.

Q.23. From where industries like sugar, jute, cotton textiles etc. take their raw materials? 

Ans. From agriculture.

Q.24. What does food process industry supply?

Ans. Food processing industry supply many different varieties of packed food items such as pickles, fruit jam, juice, biscuits, bread, semi-food etc.

Q.25. Which sub-sector in the secondary sector forms the major part?

Ans. Manufacturing industry.

Q.26. What is a small scale industry?

Ans. A small industry is that industry which can be established by spending a minimum of ₹ 25 lakh on plants and machinery.

Q.27. Where is Tata Steel Plant situated?

Ans. In Jamshedpur.

Q.28. Give any two points of importance of industrial sector.

Ans. (i) It contribute about 28% to India’s domestic product. 

(ii) It provides employment opportunities to India’s population.

Q.29. How much did India earn from exports in services in the year 2009? 

Ans. India earned yearly nearly 4.35 lakh crores of rupees from exports in service.

Q.30. What does exporting means? 

Ans. Exporting means selling goods and services to the citizens in foreign countries to earn foreign exchange in the form of dollar, euro, pounds etc.

Q.31. Which service has grown many-fold in India recently?

Ans. Recently computer service has grown many-fold in India. 

Q.32. Which service has attracted more than forty-seven thousand crores of rupees from foreign countries.

Ans.

Q.33. Out of service sector and agriculture sector, which pays more in terms of wages and salaries?

Ans. Service sector pays more in term of wages and salaries.

Q.34. Out of agriculture sector and service sector, which sector provides more job opportunities?

Ans. Service sector provides more job opportunities.

Q.35. What do financial services include?

Ans. Financial services include Banking and insurance.

Q.36. What do community and social services include?

Ans. Community and social services include public administration, defence etc.

Q.37. How much did transport and communication contribute to national income in 2009-2010?

Ans. 7.8 per cent.

Q.38. Out of agriculture, industry and service sectors, which have contributed maximum to the national income of India?

Ans. Service sector has contributed maximum to the national income.

Q.39. How much Banking, insurance, trade, transport, hotel services combined have attracted from foreign countries in the form of direct investment?

Ans. More than one lac 18 thousand crores rupees.

Q.40. How does services sector provide more job opportunities as compared to agriculture?

Ans. It is due to the fact that service sector provides service round the year whereas agriculture provides seasonal services.

Q.41. What is the impact of industrialisation?

Ans. Due to industrialisation the market is flooded with many goods of ones choice.

Q.42. Why has it become easier to travel to distance places today?

Ans. Today it has become easier to travel to distance places because, of existence of roads, highways, railways, airways etc.

Q.43. What do Hirakud and Bhakra Nangal provide?

Ans. Hirakud and Bhakra Nagal provide electricity and irrigation.

Q.44. Why is India’s food requirement increasing every year?

Ans. India’s food requirement is increasing every year because of increase in its population.

Q.45. Write down the three major sectors of Indian economy.

Ans. (i) Primary Sector. 

(ii) Secondary Sector. and 

(iii) Tertiary Sector. 

Q.46. In which sector are the following activities placed? 

(i) Agriculture.

(ii) Forestry.

(iii) Mining in livestock and fishery.

Ans. Agriculture, frostry, mining, livestock fishery are placed in primary sector. 

Q.47. Give any two examples of rearing livestock.

Ans. (i) Poultry. and 

(ii) Dairy farming.

Q.48. Name the sub-sector (or production activities) of secondary sector.

Ans. Subsectors or production activities of secondary sector are as follows:

(i) Manufacturing.

(ii) Construction.

(iii) Gas and electricity supply.

Q.49. Name any three essential services.

Ans. (i) Gas.

(ii) Water. and 

(iii) Electricity.

Q.50. Name any productive activities included in tertiary sector.

Ans. (i) Trade, hotels and restaurants. 

(ii) Transport, storage and communication.

(iii) Public administration.

Q.51. Give one feature of large scale industry.

Ans. It uses capital-intensive technology in the form of big machines. 

Q.52. Give any three examples of infrastructure.

Ans. (i) Radio and Telephone Towers. 

(ii) Shopping Centres. and

(iii) Schools and Colleges.

SHORT TYPE QUESTIONS ANSWER 

Q.1. To which sector do the following production activities belong?

(i) Mining and Quarrying.

(ii) Fishery.

(iii) Manufacturing.

(iv) Trade, Hotels and Restaurants.

(v) Public Administration.

(vi) Gas, Water and Electricity supply.

(vii) Forestry.

Ans. 

Q.2. What is industry? Give the various types of trade with examples. 

Ans. Industry is that manufacturing unit which produce goods with the help of raw material.

Industry is of two types- 

(i) small scale industry. and 

(ii) large scale industry. 

(i) Examples of Small Scale Industry: Shoe making industry, printing, glass making etc.

(ii) Examples of Large Scale Industry: Factories manufacturing steel, cars, buses etc.

Q.3. Out of the following, which are cities and which are metros? What is difference between cities and metros? 

(i) Delhi.

(ii) Jaipur.

(iii) Ahmedabad.

(iv) Kolkata.

(v) Bhubaneshwar.

(vi) Chennai.

(vii) Pune.

Ans. Delhi, Kolkata and Chennai are metros whereas Jaipur, Ahmedabad, Pune and Bhubaneswar are cities.

Cities are big urban areas whereas metros are bigger cities.

Q.4. Which production activities are undertaken in the following sub-sectors of Primary Sector:

(i) Agriculture.

(ii) Forestry.

(iii) Fishery. and 

(iv) Rearing livestock.

Ans. (i) Agriculture: In this sub-sector, crops are raised in the fields. 

(ii) Frestry: In this sub-sector, forest products are called and sold in the market.

(iii) Fishery: In this occupation, people catch fish in ponds, rivers or sea to sell them in the market.

(iv) Raising Live stock: This subsector includes poultry and dairy farming.

Q.5. In how many sectors are non- agricultural activities divided ? Write their names and give any two sub- sectors of any one of them.

Ans. Non-agricultural activities are divided into two sectors-

(i) Secondary sector. and 

(ii) Tertiary sector.

Two sub sectors of secondary sector are: 

(i) Manufacturing. and 

(ii) Construction.

Q.6. Give one point of similarity between manufacturing and construction. What is the difference between the two? 

Ans. Manufacturing and construction both are the sub-sectors of secondary sector.

In manufacturing goods are produced (manufactured) with the help of raw-materials in factories.

On the other hand, making roads, bridges, bus-stands, houses are known as construction.

Q.7. Classify the following infrastructure into economic and social infrastructure.

(i) Railways. 

(ii) Health.

(iii) Banking. 

(iv) Power.

(v) Education.

(vi) Roads.

(vii) Communication.

Ans.