NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 19 A Shirt In The Market Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 19 A Shirt In The Market and select need one. NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 19 A Shirt In The Market and After Question Answers Download PDF. NCERT SST Class 7 Solutions.
NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 19 A Shirt In The Market
Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 7 Social Science Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 7 Social Science Chapter 19 A Shirt In The Market and After, NCERT Class 7 Social Science Textbook of Our Pasts – II: History, Social and Political Life – II: Civics, Our Environment: Geography. for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
A Shirt In The Market
Chapter: 19
Social And Political Life-II [Civics]
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Q.1. What made Swapna sell the cotton to the trader instead of selling at the Kurnool Cotton Market?
Ans: Swapna had borrowed money from a local trader at the beginning of the cropping season. The local trader lent Swapna the required money but on a condition that she would sell all her cotton to him. Swapna had no way out except selling the cotton to the same trader.
Q.2. Describe the conditions of employment as well as the wages of workers in the garment exporting factory. Do you think the workers get a fair deal?
Ans: The workers in the garment exporting factory work at least 10 to 12 hrs. in a day but they get very low wages monthly.
(a) Their job is not permanent; whenever the employer feels that a worker is not needed, he may be asked to leave.
(b) Their wages are fixed according to their skills.
(c) The highest paid among the workers are the tailors who get maximum salary of ₹ 3,000 per month.
These jobs fetch him very low salary. More women are employee in these factories as helpers. Now, these workers do not get fair deal.
Q.3. Think of something common that we use. It could be sugar, tea, milk, pen, paper etc. Discuss through what chain of markets this reacts to you. Can you think of the people that help in the production or trade?
Ans: A chain of markets links the producer to the buyer. Buying and selling takes place at every step in the chain.
Through Retailer: The producer supplies goods to retailer who sells them to the consumers:
Producers
↓
Retailer
↓
Customer (Buyer)
Through Wholesaler: The producer may supply goods to wholesaler in large quantity who can further sell the same in small quantities to the customers. There is no place of retailer in it.
Producer
↓
Wholesaler
↓
Customers
Through agent, wholesaler and retailer: The producer may also involve the agent (intermediator) in this chain of marketing.
Producer
↓
Agents
↓
Wholesaler
↓
Customer
People from a simple worker to the main producer, agents, wholesaler, retailer all help in the production or trade.
Q.4. Arrange the statements given below in the correct order and then fill the number in the cotton balls accordingly. The first two have been solved for you.
1. Swapna sells the cloth to the trader.
2. Customers buy these shirts in the supermarket.
3. Trader sells cotton to the ginning mill.
4. Garment exporters buy the cloth from merchants for making shirts.
5. Yarn dealers or merchants give the yarn to the weavers.
6. The exporter sells shirts to the business person from the USA.
7. Spinning mill buys the cotton and sells yarn to the yarn dealers.
8. Weavers return with the cloth.
9. Ginning mill cleans the cotton and makes it into bales.
Ans: 1. Swapna sells the cotton to the trader.
3. Trader sells cotton to the Ginning Mill.
9. Ginning mill clean the cotton and makes it into bales.
7. Spinning mill buys the cotton and sells yarn to the yarn dealer.
5. Yarn dealers or merchants give the yarn to the weavers.
8. Weavers return with the cloth.
4. Garments exporters buy the cloth from merchants for making shirts.
6. The exporter sells shirts to the business persons from the USA.
2. Customers buy these shirts in a supermarket.
INTEXT QUESTIONS
Q.1. Did Swapna get a fair price on the cotton?
Ans: No, Swapna did not get a fair price on the cotton.
Q.2. Why did the trader pay Swapna a low price?
Ans: The trader paid Swapna a low price on the cotton because she had borrowed money from him and promised to sell her cotton produce to him only.
Q.3. Where do you think larger farmers would sell their cotton? How is their situation different from Swapna?
Ans: Larger farmer would prefer to sell their product in wholesale market. Their situation is better from Swapna because Swapna cannot sell the product in wholesale market. She has to sell it through trader and she does not get good price for her product.
Q.4. What are the following people doing at the Erode cloth market-merchants, weavers, exporters?
Ans: 1. Merchants: Supply cloth on order to garment manufacturers and exporters around the country. They purchase the yarn and give instructions to the weavers about the kind of cloth that is to be made.
2. Weavers: The weavers spend long hours working on looms and they work for wages.
3. Exporters: They use the cloth to make shirts to export them to foreign buyers.
Q.5. In what ways are weavers dependent on cloth merchants?
Ans: Weavers are dependent on cloth merchants because:
(i) The cloth merchants give them thread and they weave cloth for them from where they earn their living.
(ii) Weavers are dependent on cloth merchants for raw materials and markets.
Q.6. If the weavers were to buy yarn on their own and sell cloth, they would probably earn three times more. Do you think this is possible? How? Discuss.
Ans: Under such conditions the weavers would definitely earn more. They would buy yarn at the lowest possible price and would sell cloth at the highest possible price. They would select the market of their choice for better price.
Q.7. You might have co-operatives in your areas. It could be in a milk provision, paddy etc. Find out for whose benefits they were set up.
Ans: These co-operatives have been set up for the benefit of the local people of the area especially for the poor farmers.
Q.8. What are the demands of foreign buyers make on the garment exporters? Why do the garment exporters agree to these demands?
Ans: The foreign buyer demands the following from the supplier:
(i) The lowest prices.
(ii) High standard equality.
(iii) Prompt delivery of goods.
The garment exporters agree to fulfill the demand of foreign buyers because he hopes to get a bulk order.
Q.9. How does the garment exporters meet the condition set by the foreign buyers?
Ans: The garment exporters cut costs and get maximum work out from the workers at the lowest possible wages.
Q.10. Compare the earnings per shirt of the worker in the garment factory, the garment exporter and the business person in the market abroad. What do you find?
Ans: The business person abroad makes profit of ₹ 600 on one shirt and the garment exporter gains ₹ 100 on one shirt. So far the worker’s earning is concerned, he gets only ₹ 15 per shirt.
Q.11. The shirt shows the profit made by the business person, and the various costs that he had to pay. Find out from the diagram below, what cost price includes.
Ans: The cost price is ₹ 600
It includes (₹ 600)
= Purchase = ₹. 7.200
Storage, etc. = ₹ 100
Advertising = ₹ 300
Total Cost Price = ₹ 600
Q.12. What are the reasons that the business person is able to make a huge profit in the market?
Ans: Investment of money is the main reason to make profit in the market. Any person who invests as much money and the power to decide the deal earn as much profit.
The businessperson is the richest and most powerful in dealing the garment business. So he makes a huge profit in the market.
Q.13. Fill up the table given on Textbook page 111.
Ans:
SOME OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. In what way Swapna exploited by the trader?
Ans: At a price of ₹ 1,500 per quintal, Swapna’s cotton fetches ₹ 6,000. The trader deducts ₹ 3,000 for repayment of loan and interest. He pays Swapna ₹ 3,000 only.
Q.2. What is a co-operative?
Ans: In order to overcome, inequality, the co-operatives of producers should be formed. In a co-operative, people with common interests come together and work for their mutual benefit.
Q.3. What do you understand by the ‘putting-out’ system?
Ans: The arrangement between the merchant and the weavers is an example of putting-out system whereby the merchant supplies the raw material and receives the finished product.
Q.4. Who is Swapna and what does she do?
Ans: Swapna is a small farmer in Kurnool and she grown cotton.
Q.5. Name the state in which Erode is located.
Ans: Erode is located in Tamil Nadu.
Q.6. How much is the earning of Swapna from cotton cultivation?
Ans: Swapna’s earning from cotton cultivation equals with her earning if she would work as a labourer.
Q.7. Who are the small farmers?
Ans: Small farmers are those which have less than 2 hectares of land.
Q.8. Write the name of an industry in which putting-out-system is common in India.
Ans: Weaving industry.
Q.9. Where the farmers grow the cotton?
Ans: The farmers grow cotton on their pieces of land.
Q.10. Define ginning mill.
Ans: The ginning mill refers to removing the seeds and clean the cotton and presses the cotton into bales.
Q.11. Which activities are done in the chain of markets?
Ans: Buying and selling activities takes place at every step in the chain of markets.
Q.12. Who earn the least in Erode market?
Ans: Weavers.
Q.13. What links the producer of cotton to the buyer at the supermarket?
Ans: A chain of markets links the producer of cotton to the buyer at the supermarket.
Q.14. Does everyone associated with chain of market are benefited equally?
Ans: No.
Q.15. Who distributes work among the weavers based on the orders he has Q received for cloth?
Ans: It is the merchant who distributes work among the weavers based on the orders he has received for cloth.
Q.16. Who is an exporter?
Ans: An exporter is a person who sells goods to foreign countries.
Q.17. How does a co-operative function?
Ans. In a co-operative, people with common interests come together and work for mutual benefit.
Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. Describe the role of merchant in making clothes:
Ans: The merchant distributes work among the weavers based on the orders he has received for cloth. For this, he buys the yarn and gives it to the weavers with instructions about the kind of cloth that is to be made.
Q.2. Why do farmers need to borrow money from moneylender? Discuss.
Ans: Farmers need to borrow money from moneylender because:
(a) Cultivation of crops requires high levels of inputs such as fertilisers and pesticides and the farmers have to incur heavy expenses on account of these.
(b) Small farmers also need to borrow money to meet other exigencies such as illnesses, children’s school fees.
(c) At times, during off-season, when there is no work and no income, borrowing money is the only means of survival.
Q.3. What do you mean by putting out system?
Ans: It is an arrangement between the merchant and the weaver. The merchant supplies the raw materials and receive the finished products.
For example: It is prevalent in weaving industry.
Q.4. Give the two advantages of the putting- out-system to the weavers.
Ans: The two advantages are:
(i) They are free from the problem of selling the finished cloth. Weavers know from the outset what cloth they should make and how much of it is to be woven.
(ii) The weavers do not have to spend their money on purchase of yarn.
Q.5. What purpose does a chain of market serve?
Ans: A chain of market serves as a series of markets that are connected, like links in a chain because products pass from one market to another. It is through this chain that what is produced in one place reaches people everywhere. When these goods are sold, it encourages production activities, creates employment and increase income of the people.
Q.6. Differentiate between a large farmer and a small farmer.
Ans: A large farmer sell their crop to crop market at higher prices. Their situation is different from the poor and small farmer because a small poor farmer needs to borrow money for cultivation and at the other time of exigencies. They have to sell their crops to the traders as they took loan from them and had no bargaining power. Large farmers do not depend on others to start cultivation.
Q.7. Define profit. How is it calculated?
Ans: Profit, also called gain is the amount that is left after deducting the costs. For example, if a trader sold a cloth for ₹ 90 and incurred costs amounting to ₹ 40, we can say that his profit is ₹ 50 (90-40).
Long Answer Type Questions
Q.1. Give a brief description of ‘The Cloth Market in Erode’.
Ans: (i) Erode is a bi-weekly cloth market in Tamil Nadu.
(ii) It is one of the largest cloth markets in the world.
(iii) A large variety of clothes are sold in this market.
(iv) Cloth, made by weavers in the villages, is brought here for sale. Offices of cloth merchants are around the market who buy this cloth.
(v) Other traders from many south Indian towns also come and purchase cloth from this market.
Q.2. Write a Short note on Impex garment factory.
Ans: (a) The Impex garment factory has 70 workers.
(b) Most of them are women. Most of these workers are employed on a temporary basis.
(c) The employer can remove the workers when he does not need them.
(d) Workers wages are fixed according to their skills.
(e) The highest paid among workers are the tailors who get about 3,000 per month.
(f) Women are employed at the lowest paid wages for the jobs like thread cutting, buttoning, ironing and packaging.
Q.3. Write a note on market and equality.
Ans: Equality is a basic principle in a democracy. It also involves getting a fair wage in the market. In the descending order of the gains/earnings, the parties involved in the chain of markets are as follows:
(a) Foreign businessman.
(b) Garment exporter.
(c) Workers at the garment export factory.
The foreign businessman makes huge profits whereas the garment exporter’s profit are moderate. Similarly, the cotton farmers and the weavers who have worked so hard, hardly earned anything to fulfill their day-to-day needs. Thus, it is usually the rich and the powerful that get the maximum earnings from the market.
Q.4. Describe the life of a cotton farmer.
Ans: Life of a cotton farmer can be described as follows:
(a) Farmers toil very hard in their farms right from sowing the seeds to harvesting of cotton.
(b) High levels of inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides are needed for cultivating cotton.
(c) Often the farmers are forced to borrow money from the local traders for meeting such expenses. These traders charge a very high rate of interest and also exploit the farmers.
(d) Since the farmers are not employed throughout the year, they are forced to borrow money for their survival when they do not have work.
Higher Order Thinking Skill
Q.1. Explain the chain of manufacturer and sale of garment through diagram or chart.
Ans:
Value Based Questions
Q.1. How do the weaver’s co-operatives work? How are they helpful for the weavers?
Ans: The weaver’s co-operatives work as:
(i) The co-operatives also does the marketing.
(ii) The weavers form a group and take up certain activities collectively.
(iii) They procure yarn from the yarn dealer and distribute it among the weavers.
They are helpful for the weavers because:
(i) The role of merchant is reduced and weavers get a fair price of the cloth.
(ii) The government also helps the co-operatives by buying cloth from them at a reasonable price.
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS
1. Multiple Choice Questions
Tick (✓) the Right option:
1. A person who sells goods abroad is called
(i) Exporter.
(ii) Merchant.
(iii) Importer.
(iv) Retailer.
Ans: (i) Exporter.
2. What does the market do to people?
(i) Opportunities for work.
(ii) Opportunities to be able to sell things that they grow or produce.
(iii) Both (i) and (ii).
(iv) None of these.
Ans: (iii) Both (i) and (ii).
3. In a market, not everyone earns ______.
(i) Equally.
(ii) Unequally.
(iii) Something.
(iv) None of these.
Ans: (ii) Unequivocally.
4. A trader who sells goods from a hand drawn carts is know as
(i) Wholesaler.
(ii) Retailer.
(iii) Petty shopkeeper.
(iv) Hawker.
Ans: (iv) Hawker.
5. What can be the price of goods?
(i) Fixed.
(ii) Flexible.
(iii) Either (i) or (ii).
(iv) None of these.
Ans: (iii) Either (i) or (ii).
6. When goods are sold in the market, it
(i) encourages production activities.
(ii) creates employment opportunities.
(iii) increases income of the people.
(iv) All of these.
Ans: (iv) All of these
II. Fill in the blanks:
1. Putting out system is prevalent in the _______ industry in most regions of India.
Ans: Weaving.
2. A chain of markets links the producer of cotton to the buyer at the _______.
Ans: Supermarket.
3. Erode is famous for its _______ cloth market which is one of the largest cloth markets in the world.
Ans: Bi-weekly.
4. The cloth merchants purchase the _______ and give instructions to the weavers.
Ans: Yarn.
5. A _______ market is a place where goods are brought and sold in large quantities.
Ans: Wholesale.
Ill. True-False Statements:
1. There are many intermediaries in the direct marketing method.
Ans: False.
2. The wholesalers and the retailers take the major chunk of profit.
Ans: True.
3. M.R.P. stands for Maximum Retail Price.
Ans: True.
4. Everyone earn equal profit in the market.
Ans: False.
5. Cotton farmers sell kapas at the mandi at low profit.
Ans: True.
