Class 12 Geography Chapter 23 Assam Geography The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters SCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 23 Assam Geography and select need one.
Class 12 Geography Chapter 23 Assam Geography
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board/NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 23 Assam Geography Solutions for All Subject, You can practice these here…
TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION OF ASSAM
Q.1. Give an account on the major transport means of Assam.
Ans :- It is the rail transport system of the state which is instrumental in channelizing Jie flow of commodities and people at mer state level. Unfortunately, this system of transport has been operating with negative net earnings since a long period of time. The major railway tracks of the state were constructed before independence and were oriented basically towards the growth of oil and Tea industries The creation of link between other production and consumption centres was not properly looked into However the recent addition of teeder lines in the state is expected to fulfill these shortcoming.
Q.2. Describe the problems of transportation in Assam.
Aus :- The problems of transportation in Assam are –
(a) The problems of transport linking the state with the rest of the country has gradually been declining due to upliftment of river systems, especially the Brahmaputra.
(b) So far as the road transport system of the state is concerned.. There is an abnormal gap between the existing and expected length and efficiency of the roads. Quite a large number of villages are yet to be connected by all weathered roads.
(c) The major railway tracks were constructed before independence and were oriented basically towards the growth of oil and tea industries.
(d) The air transport system of the state is yet to reach the expected level. Its expansion as well as improvement especially in the hilly parts needs due attention.
As a whole, the existing means of transport in the state need better Coordination and management in order to optimise the flow of goods and people for integrated growth and development of the state.
Q.3. Describe the potentialities of transport and communication in Assam.
Ans :- The potentialities of transport and communication in Assam are
(a) Railways are the fastest mode of transportation in Brahmaputra Valley and in Barak Valley.
(b) Assam in 2001 had about 32865 km of roads. They are of 3 types National Highway (2036 Km), State P.W.D. road (2137 Km) District and Panchayat Road (28692 Km) Panchayat roads are mainly Kacha and sometimes geavelled. For the betterment of Assam these roads should be upgraded. area and compare to other modes of transportation, tape way is the cheaper one.
(c) The inland water transportation system is not developed and well functional. The number of rivers is found maximum and hence, inland water transportation systems have the potentiality for the future.
(d) Air transport system is well developed and well connected to all the states of India and abroad.
Q.4. Why does the island water transport system in Assam show a decreasing trend?
Ans :- The inland water transport system of the state is providing facilities basically for the intra state flow of goods and people. The glorious tradition of water transport linking the state with the rest of the country has gradually been declining. The constant upliftment of the beds of the major rivers of the state due to silting every year has badly affected the waterways.
Besides this, the expansion of the roads and railways in the state has also reduced the importance of water transport.
Q.5. Give an account on the air transport in Assam.
Ans :- Air transport has a special role to play for the movement of passengers and goods in an area like Assam with peculiar topography and geographic location. Of course, its potentiality came to the light only often 1949 when Pakistan prohibited transhipment of Cargo to Assam by waterways.
Consequently, the government of independent India became more attentive towards the expansion of the air transport in the state. At present, Assam is well connected with the other parts of the country through air links. The Indian airlines are instrumental in establishing air connection between Assam and the rest of the nation.
Q.6. Why are the ropeways important in Assam?
Ans :- The ropeway is a cheap maid of transportation especially in the hilly terrain of industrial raw materials like limestone, coal etc from the mines to the road or railways heads and industrial sites. Assam is a hilly area and compared to other modes of transportation, rope way is the cheapest one.
Q.7. Give an account on the communicator system in Assam.
Ans :- Transport and communication are important elements of infrastructure based on which the progress of a region may take place There are some physical and socio economic causes for the backwardness of transport and communication in this region.
(a) Assam has about 1/5 th of its area under hills and plateaus. The hills and plateaus have steep slopes, deep gashes where made and the railway is very expensive and difficult in position.
(b) Assam is isolated in its location with respect to the rest of the country.
(c) As the region has very heavy rainfall for about six months of a year, the roads and railways suffer from the surface and gully erosion.
(d) The region annually experiences devastating floods which often breach and damage roads and railways On the other hand, heavy deluges cause landslides and soil creep in the hills damaging the roads.
(e) The region has numerous turbulent rivers and hills streams which flow with fury during the rainy season.
(f) The state government is not financially willing to afford sufficient expenditure to construct and maintain a well knit transport system.
Write short notes on :
Q.8. Ropeways in Assam.
Ans :- In recent years, the ropeways are the cheap mode of transportation especially in the hilly terrain of industrial raw materials like limestone Coal ete from the mines to the road or railway station and industrial sites It is most effective mode of transportation in the state like Assam because It is hilly in nature.
Q.9. Development of Railways in Assam.
Ans :- The age of the rail transport system of the state is now 100 years. Its history started with construction of a 80 km long Dibru-Sadiya meter yuge railway line constructed by the Assam Railway and Trading Company in 1882
Since the beginning of the present century rail transport has been getting changed in its structure. It is observed that since 1902 railway development in Assam was meaningful in the sense that Assam was connected with the two great ports by two lines, one the Eastern Bengal Railway extended from Calcutta to Dhubri in 1902 and the other, the Assam Bengal Railway extended from Chittagong to Dibrugarh in 1904.
The first railway line to be constructed was the Dibru-Sadiya line between 1882 and 1884 connecting the tea, timber. coal and oil producing areas specially in Tinsukia and Dibrugarh district. It was followed by Construction of Jorhat Provincial Railway in 1885 between Mariani and Titabor area with Kokilamukh. In the same year Balipara tea producing area was connected to Tezpur. The railway line from Guwahati to Lumding began to be constructed in 1897. Dhubri was connected to Calcutta in 1902.
Q.10. Scope for water transport in Assam.
Ans :- It is estimated that the North-Eastern region has about 1800 km of river routes that can be used by steamers and large country boats. The inland water transport departments of both the state and central governments have been trying to improve the water transport system in the region. The river Brahmaputra now has several small river-ports like Dibrugarh Disangmukh Nemati Biswanath.
Silghat. Guwahati. Goalpara and Dhubri Besides, there are more than 30 pairs of ferry ghats on the Brahmaputra, transporting men and materials between its two banks. The river Barak also has small parts at Karimganj Badarpur and Silchar and Ferry services at several places across il At present the state Tourist Department has started Luxury cruises over the Brahmaputra as a commercial proposition.
Q.11. Airports in Assam
Ans :- A few aerodromes were built up in this region during World War II when the eastern war front reached the Indo-Myanmar border. The Allied Forces built up small aerodromes at Kahikuchi (near Guwahati), Mohanbari (Dibrugarh), Salonibari (Tezpur), Rowriah (Jorhat) and Lilabari (North Lakhimpur). After independence, some of these air-fields were used by private companies like Bharat Airways and Indian Airways for commercial services. After the nationalisation of commercial air transport in India, Indian Airlines Corporation took over the services and new airports were opened at Kumbhirgram (near Silchar). The airport near Guwahati was also shifted to Borjhar.
However, regular air transport to Guwahati, Tezpur, Jorhat, Dibrugarh, Kumbhirgram and North-Lakhimpur began in 1946. The services to these airports are to and from Kolkata and Delhi. The smaller airports are rarely used by smaller air transport companies. The Borjhar (Lokapriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport is the only large one in this region and it was upgraded to an international airport in 1901. Some of these airports (e.g. Borjhar, Salonibari and Rowraiya) are also shared by Indian Air force.
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