Class 11 Health Care Chapter 4 First Aid

Class 11 Health Care Chapter 4 First Aid Solutions English Medium, AHSEC Class 11 Elective Health Care Question Answer, Class 11 Health Care Chapter 4 First Aid Question Answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapter Class 11 Health Care Chapter 4 First Aid English Medium Solutions and select needs one.

Class 11 Health Care Chapter 4 First Aid

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Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. SEBA Class 11 Elective Health Care Chapter 4 First Aid Question Answer. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Class 11 Health Care Chapter 4 First Aid Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

First Aid

Chapter – 4

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. Medical attention given at the first instance is called _____________.

Ans: Medical attention given at the first instance is called First Aid.

2. The ISO specified symbol for First Aid is a ____________ on a green background.

Ans: The ISO specified symbol for First Aid is a white cross on a green background.

3. Blood is a viscous fluid composed of _____________.

Ans: Blood is a viscous fluid composed of plasma and cells.

4. The process of breathing in is ____________ and breathing out is ______________.

Ans: The process of breathing in is inhalation and breathing out is exhalation.

B. Short Answer Questions:

1. What is the purpose of First Aid?

Ans: The primary purpose of giving First Aid is to sustain the life of a person before the arrival of a qualified medical expert, reduce her/his discomfort due to pain, help in early recovery and prevent her/his condition from worsening.

2. State the principles of First Aid.

Ans: The basic principles of First Aid are as follows:

(i) Preserve life: This includes preserving the life of the casualty and the rescuer.

(ii) Ensure protection of the casualty from further harm: The treatment area needs to be safe and must not have excess people.

(iii) Provide pain relief: This includes the use of ice packs or applying a sling.

(iv) Prevent the condition from worsening: Ensure that the First Aid procedures do not worsen the patient’s condition.

3. What is a health emergency? Describe various emergency situations.

Ans: ‘Health emergency’ is a situation, wherein there is a danger or risk to the health of a person because of sudden illness or accident, and immediate help is required to save a life. Immediate attention and First Aid must be provided to the person in case of an emergency before medical help arrives. 

The various emergency situations that require immediate medical care are— electric shock, breathing difficulty, burns, bleeding, injury, fracture, heart attack, etc.

(i) Electric Shock: When someone touches electricity by mistake. It can make them faint or hurt badly.

(ii) Breathing Problem: When a person finds it hard to breathe. It can happen due to asthma, allergy, or choking.

(iii) Burns: When skin gets hurt by fire, hot water, or chemicals. It can be small or very serious.

(iv) Heavy Bleeding: When a person bleeds a lot from a cut or wound. It must be stopped quickly.

(v) Injury or Wound: When someone gets hurt by falling or hitting something. It can be small or big.

(vi) Broken Bone (Fracture): When a bone breaks or cracks. It is very painful and the body part may swell.

(vii) Heart Attack: Caused by blockage in heart arteries. The person may feel chest pain and have trouble breathing.  It requires urgent medical help.

4. Explain the rules of First Aid.

Ans: The  rules of First Aid are as follows: 

(i) Check: Find out what has happened and what is wrong with the person. Comfort the person and arrange for a shelter.

(ii) Call: Arrange for professional medical aid.

(iii) Care: Help the victim, preferably without moving her/him.

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. _____________ is a vehicle specifically designed to transport critically sick or injured people to a medical facility.

Ans: Ambulance is a vehicle specifically designed to transport critically sick or injured people to a medical facility.

2. ____________ is an electronic device that administers an electric shock of preset voltage to the heart.

Ans: Defibrillator is an electronic device that administers an electric shock of preset voltage to the heart.

3. _____________ is a bandage used to support an injured forearm.

Ans: Sling is a bandage used to support an injured forearm.

4. A _______________ is someone who takes charge of an emergency scene and administers First Aid.

Ans: A First Aider is someone who takes charge of an emergency scene and administers First Aid.

5. ORS stands for ________________.

Ans: ORS stands for Oral Rehydration Salt.

6. _____________ is the place where equipment and materials are systematically arranged for First Aid services.

Ans: First Aid room is the place where equipment and materials are systematically arranged for First Aid services.

7. The contents of the ______________ kit are mainly meant for providing First Aid.

Ans: The contents of the First Aid kit are mainly meant for providing First Aid. 

B. Short Answer Questions:

1. Describe the First Aid room and the facilities it offers.

Ans: It is the place where equipment and materials are arranged systematically for providing First Aid services.

A First Aid room must have the following:

(i) A nameplate with the symbol of First Aid.

(ii) Adequate lighting and ventilation facility.

(iii) Washroom facility that is accessible to differently-abled persons.

(iv) Facilities for the easy movement of a person on a stretcher or wheelchair.

The other facilities in a First Aid Room include:

(i) Table and chairs.

(ii) A telephone.

(iii) A directory containing emergency telephone numbers (e.g., in India, telephone number for fire service station is 101, for police it is 100 and for emergency services or ambulance it is 108).

(iv) First aid kit.

(v) Examination lamp.

(vi) Medical examination couch with blankets and pillows.

(vii) A portable screen.

(viii) A container for storing sharp equipment, like surgical knives, etc.

(ix) Sink and washbasin with hot and cold running water.

(x) Steriliser.

(xi) Stretcher.

(xii) Work bench or dressing trolley.

(xiii) Oxygen cylinder.

(xiv) Sphygmomanometer — blood pressure measuring instrument.

(xv) Resuscitation equipment.

(xvi) Cupboards for storing medicines, dressings and linen.

(xvii) Electric power points.

(xviii) Seating arrangements.

(xix) Container for soiled dressings.

(xx) Medical waste containers.

2. Describe First Aid kit and enlist its contents.

Ans: A First Aid kit consists of items for providing First Aid in case of bleeding, fractures and burns. A First Aid kit can also be made industry or organisation specific (nature of the job being undertaken at an industry or organisation). For example, in casting and forging industries, medicines used in burns and scalds must be kept in the First Aid kit.

A basic First Aid kit must include the following:

(i) Band-aids of all sizes.

(ii) 4″ by 4″ gauze pads for cleaning wounds.

(iii) 4″ by 4″ dressing bandages for wounds, cuts and abrasions.

(iv) 2″ dressing rolls or crepe bandage for covering and bandaging injuries.

(v) Medical tape.

(vi) Cotton balls.

(vii) Safety pins.

(viii) Alcohol pads or isopropyl alcohol for cleaning wounds.

(ix)  Anti-microbial hand wipes placed in a sealed plastic bag to retain their moisture.

(x) Hydrogen peroxide for cleaning skin wounds.

(xi) Sterile water bottle.

(xii) Eye flushing solution bottle with an eye cup.

(xiii) Ace bandage for casing sprains and contused soft tissue.

(xiv) Arm sling.

(xv) Chemical ice pack.

(xvi) Chemical hot pack.

(xvii) Thermometer oral and rectal (for children).

(xviii) Tweezers.

(xix) Scissors.

(xx) Torch.

(xxi) Nail clippers.

(xxii) Jack knife.

(xxiii) Clean string for various purposes.

(xxiv) Sterile gloves.

3. What are drugs for common ailments? Enlist few drugs.

Ans: There are a number of common ailments from which people may suffer. These ailments are, generally, not serious in nature and can be cured by home remedies or over-the-counter medicines. Many common illnesses are treated at home using non-prescribed medicines. Some ailments are serious in nature and require professional medical attention. Even a common cold can become serious, if not treated correctly and timely as it can advance to other infectious diseases, such as influenza and pneumonia. If ailments persist for a few days, the patient must immediately consult a doctor.

Some of the drugs, generally, prescribed for common ailments are given in the table below:

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. A person suffering from fever (98.8° F – 100.8° F) is said to be suffering from

 ____________ fever.

Ans: A person suffering from fever (98.8° F – 100.8° F) is said to be suffering from low fever.

2. A person having a temperature of 104° F and above is said to be suffering from _____________ fever.

Ans: A person having a temperature of 104° F and above is said to be suffering from high fever.

3. In high fever, a person should be kept _____________ by sponging with a wet towel or applying ice packs in the armpits.

Ans: In high fever, a person should be kept cool by sponging with a wet towel or applying ice packs in the armpits.

4. _____________ is a chronic lung disease that tightens and narrows the airways.

Ans: Asthma is a chronic lung disease that tightens and narrows the airways.

5. Back ____________ is caused due to problems in ligaments and muscles of spine.

Ans: Back pain is caused due to problems in ligaments and muscles of spine.

6. Bronchodilators are used in case of ___________ attack.

Ans: Bronchodilators are used in case of Asthma attack.

7. ____________ are the microorganisms, which are said to be the most common cause of food contamination.

Ans: Bacteria are the microorganisms, which are said to be the most common cause of food contamination.

8. _____________ is a person who takes charge of an emergency scene and administers the First Aid.

Ans: First Aider is a person who takes charge of an emergency scene and administers the First Aid.

9. ____________ is a symptom and not a disease.

Ans: Fever is a symptom and not a disease.

10. ____________ must be given with lukewarm water.

Ans: Oral Rehydration Salt must be given with lukewarm water.

B. Short Answer Questions:

1. Who is a First Aider? Describe the role of a First Aider.

Ans: A First Aider is a person who undertakes an emergency situation and administers the First Aid.

A First Aider is a trained person who provides immediate medical assistance to a person who is injured or suddenly becomes ill, before professional medical help arrives. The main role of a First Aider is to save life, prevent the condition from worsening, and promote recovery. Often, the First Aider at an emergency scene is a passerby, willing to help. 

A parent, who helps her/his child, a firefighter attending to an injured pedestrian, or an employee, who provides care, are all providing First Aid. A First Aider does not diagnose or treat injuries and illnesses but offers help Notes to the person in need.

2. Describe the steps to take body temperature.

Ans: The steps to take body temperature are as follows:

Step 1: Prepare: Wash the tip of the digital thermometer with clean water and wipe it with a clean cloth. Wipe it with a tissue paper after cleaning the surface. This will remove germs on the surface.

Step 2: Switch on: Check the power button by switching on the digital thermometer to ensure that it is working. The LCD screen must read ‘0’. If the screen remains blank, replace the battery. Read the instructions given in the manual to replace the battery. Use the thermometer when the initial reading is correct.

Step 3: Position: Place the thermometer in the mouth of the person by putting its tip at the centre at the back of the tongue before asking the patient to close the lips around it to hold it.

Step 4: Take temperature: Press the button to make the appliance read the temperature. This can take a few minutes. Remove the thermometer from the person’s mouth and read the temperature.

Step 5: Store: After you have finished using the thermometer, switch it off and clean the tip with water and wipe it with a tissue paper or dry cloth. Keep the thermometer in its protective case and store it at a safe place, away from the reach of children.

3. What is ORS? Describe the method for making 1 litre ORS solution.

Ans: ORS stands for Oral Rehydration Salt. It is a mixture of salts and sugar dissolved in clean water, used to prevent and treat dehydration, especially due to diarrhoea, vomiting, or heatstroke. ORS should be given with lukewarm water. In severe cases, the patient needs immediate hospitalisation.

Method for making 1 litre ORS solution using sugar, salt and water:

(i) Drinking water:1 litre (5 cups, each containing about 200 ml).

(ii) Sugar: Six teaspoons.

(iii) Salt: Half a teaspoon.

(iv) Stir the mixture till the sugar dissolves.

Parimol

Hi! my Name is Parimal Roy. I have completed my Bachelor’s degree in Philosophy (B.A.) from Silapathar General College. Currently, I am working as an HR Manager at Dev Library. It is a website that provides study materials for students from Class 3 to 12, including SCERT and NCERT notes. It also offers resources for BA, B.Com, B.Sc, and Computer Science, along with postgraduate notes. Besides study materials, the website has novels, eBooks, health and finance articles, biographies, quotes, and more.