Class 11 Geography Chapter 20 Climate The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters SCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 20 Climate and select need one.
Class 11 Geography Chapter 20 Climate
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board/NCERT Class 11 Geography Chapter 20 Climate Solutions for All Subject, You can practice these here…
Climate
Chapter: 20
PART-2
GEOGRAPHY
TEXTUAL QUESTION & ANSWER
Q.1.What causes rainfall on the coastal areas of Tamil Nadu in the beginning of winters?
(i) South-west monsoon
(ii) Temperate cyclones
(iii) North- West monsoon
(iv) Local air circulation
Ans: (iii) North- West monsoon.
Q.2. What is the proportion of the area of India which receives annual rainfall less 75 cm?
(i) Half
(ii) One-third
(iii) Two-third
(iv) Three fourth
Ans: (ii) One-third
Q.3. Which one of the following is not a fact regarding south-India?
(i) Diurnal range of temperature is less here.
(ii) Annual range of temperature is less here.
(iii) Temperatures here are high through the years.
(iv) Extreme climatic conditions are found here.
Ans: (iv) Extreme climatic conditions are found here.
Q.4. Which one of the following phenomena happens when the sun shines vertically over the tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere?
(i) High pressure develops over Northwestern India due to low temperature.
(ii) Low pressure develops over North-western India due to high temperatures.
(iii) No changes in temperature and pressure occur in north-western India.
(iv) “Loo” blows in the North-western India due to high temperatures.
Ans: (ii) Low pressure develops over North-western India due to high temperatures.
Q.5. In which of the following states in India do we find”As” type of climate as per koeppen’s classification-
(i) In Kerala and coastal Karnataka
(ii) In Andaman and Nicobar Island
(iii) On Coromandel coast
(iv) In Assam and Arunachal Pradesh plain
Ans: (iii) On Coromandel coast
Answer the following questions in about 30 words
Q.1. What are the three important factors which influence the mechanism of Indian weather?
Ans: (a) Distribution of air pressure and winds on the earth.
(b) Upper air circulation.
(c) Inflow of western cyclones generally known as-disturbances during the winter season and tropical depressions during the south west monsoon period into India.
Q.2. What is the Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone?
Ans:The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
is a low pressure zone where the trade winds converge and so, it is a zone where air tends to ascend.
Q.3. What is meant by’ bursting of monsoon’? Name the place of India which gets the highest rainfall.
Ans: The sudden onset of the moisture laden winds associated with violent thunder and lightning is termed as the”bursting of monsoon”.Mawsynram in Meghalaya is the place of India (also world) which gets the highest rainfall.
Q.4. Define ‘Climatic region’? What are the bases of Koeppen’s classification?
Ans: A climatic region is a homogeneous climatic condition which is the result of a combination of different factors.
The bases of Koeppen’s climatic classification are: (a) Temperature and
(b) Precipitation
Q.5. Which types(s) of cyclones cause rainfall in North-Western India during winter? Where do they originate?
Ans: During winter, North-western India receives rainfall from Western disturbances, which is a temperate cyclone.
The temperature cyclone originates over Mediterranean sea.
| Sl. No. | CONTENTS |
| Chapter 1 | Geography As A Discipline |
| Chapter 2 | The Origin and Evolution of the Earth |
| Chapter 3 | Interior of the Earth |
| Chapter 4 | Distribution of Oceans And Continents |
| Chapter 5 | Minerals and Rocks |
| Chapter 6 | Geomorphic Processes |
| Chapter 7 | Landforms and Their Evolution |
| Chapter 8 | Composition and Structure of Atmosphere |
| Chapter 9 | Solar Radiation, Heat balance, and Temperature |
| Chapter 10 | Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems |
| Chapter 11 | Water in the Atmosphere |
| Chapter 12 | World Climate and Climate Change |
| Chapter 13 | Water (Oceans) |
| Chapter 14 | Movements of Ocean Water |
| Chapter 15 | Life on the Earth |
| Chapter 16 | Biodiversity And Conservation |
| Chapter 17 | Indian Location |
| Chapter 18 | Structure and Physiography |
| Chapter 19 | Drainage System |
| Chapter 20 | Climate |
| Chapter 21 | Natural Vegetation |
| Chapter 22 | Soils |
| Chapter 23 | Natural Hazards and Disasters |
Q.1. Notwithstanding the board’s climatic unity,the climate of India has many regional variations.Elaborate this statement giving suitable examples.
Ans: The climate of India has many regional variations due to the vast extension of the country’s area.But due to the complete dominance of monsoons,India as a whole is considered a climatic unity. There are various causes responsible for the regional variations of India’s climate.Although the following are considered as major factors.
(a) Temperature: In summer the temperature of western part of the country touches upto 55 ℃ and it drops down to as.low as minus 45℃ in winter around Leh.Churu in Rajasthan may record a temperature of 50℃ or more on a June day while in Tawang on the same day the temperature is 19℃.
(b) Rainfall: In case of precipitation also there is a great variation observed. The eastern part received world highest rainfall Cherrapunji and Mawsynram, (over 1,080cm in a year). But in Jaisalmer, it rarely gets more than 9cm of rainfall during the same period. Tura is another place of Meghalaya state that receives an amount of rainfall in a day which is equal to 10 years of rainfall of Jaisalmer.
(c) Monsoon: In case of the onset and withdrawal of monsoon winds from the country is also variable form place to place.
(d) Season: Due to the great north south extension of the country, the southern part recorded an uniform temperature throughout the year. But in the northern part the seasonal variation is very clear.
In short these are the factors of climatic variation within the country.
Q.2. How many district reasons are found in India as per the Indian Meteorological Department? Discuss the weather conditions associated with any one season in detail.
Ans: As per the Meteorological Department there are four distinct seasons found in India.
These are:
(a) The Cold weather season
(b) The Hot weather season
(c) The Southwest monsoon season
(d) The Retreating monsoon season
(a) The SouthWest monsoon season: As a result of rapid increase of temperature in May over the north western plains, the low pressure conditions over there get further intensified. By early June, they are powerful enough to attract the trade winds of the Southern hemisphere coming from the Indian Ocean.
These southeast trade winds cross the equator and enter the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian sea.Passing over the equatorial warm currents, they bring with them moisture in abundance after crossing the equator,they follow a southwesterly direction. That is why they are known as southwest monsoon.
The rain in the Southwest monsoon season brings rather abruptly and brings down the temperature substantially. The sudden onset of the moisture laden winds associated with thunder and lightning is often called the break or burst of the monsoons. As a result the temperature declined from 5℃to 8℃ between mid-June and mid-July.
As these winds approach the land their southwesterly direction is modified by the relief and thermal low pressure over the northwest India. The monsoon approaches the landmass in two branches:
(a) The Arabian sea branch
(b) The bay of Bengal branch
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