Class 10 Beauty and Wellness Chapter 1 Basic Skincare Services

Class 10 Beauty and Wellness Chapter 1 Basic Skincare Services Solutions English Medium, SEBA Class 10 Beauty and Wellness Question Answer, Class 10 Beauty and Wellness Chapter 1 Basic Skincare Services Question Answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapter Class 10 Beauty and Wellness Chapter 1 Basic Skincare Services English Medium Solutions and select needs one.

Class 10 Beauty and Wellness Chapter 1 Basic Skincare Services

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Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. SEBA Class 10 Elective Beauty and Wellness Question Answer. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Class 10 Elective Beauty and Wellness Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Basic Skincare Services

Chapter – 1

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. Anatomy describes the ___________ of a human body and relationship of different body parts with each other. 

Ans: Anatomy describes the structure of a human body and relationship of different body parts with each other.

2. The skin consists of three layers. They are epidermis, dermis and ___________. 

Ans: The skin consists of three layers. They are epidermis, dermis and subcutis.

3. The ___________ is the uppermost layer of the skin. 

Ans: The epidermis is the uppermost layer of the skin.

4. Unhealthy skin is susceptible to ____________ and diseases. 

Ans: Unhealthy skin is susceptible to infections and diseases.

5. The epidermis is a thin layer composed mainly of ____________. 

Ans: The epidermis is a thin layer composed mainly of keratinocytes.

6. In the epidermis lie the ____________ cells, which protect the body against infections.

Ans: In the epidermis lie the langerhans cells, which protect the body against infections.

7. Melanocytes are found in the basal layer of the epidermis and produce a black pigment called ___________, which is responsible for dark skin tone.

Ans: Melanocytes are found in the basal layer of the epidermis and produce a black pigment called melanin, which is responsible for dark skin tone.

8. Melanin protects the body from ____________ rays and gives the skin its colour.

Ans: Melanin protects the body from ultraviolet rays and gives the skin its colour.

9. The subcutis is a ____________ layer that lies below the dermis.

Ans: The subcutis is a fatty layer that lies below the dermis.

10. The skin secretes sweat and sebum through the ____________.

Ans: The skin secretes sweat and sebum through the sudoriferous gland.

B. Multiple Choice Questions: 

1. The skin consists of ___________ layers.

(a) Five.

(b) Four.

(c) Three.

(d) Two.

Ans: (c) Three.

2. Which of the following are the functions of the skin?

(a) Protection.

(b) Excretion.

(c) Calcium production.

(d) Both (a) and (b).

Ans: (d) Both (a) and (b).

3. The dermis is the layer of the skin that lies below the ___________ and above the subcutaneous layer.

(a) Collagen fibre.

(b) Epidermis.

(c) Langerhans cells.

(d) Elastin fibre.

Ans: (b) Epidermis.

4. The langerhans cells are also known as ____________ cells.

(a) Skin.

(b) Pigment producing.

(c) Dead.

(d) Immune.

Ans: (d) Immune.

5. A healthy body maintains a constant temperature of ____________.

(a) 37° C.

(b) 98° C.

(c) 99° F.

(d) 37° F.

Ans: (a) 37° C.

6. The outermost layer of the epidermis is covered with ____________.

(a) Keratin.

(b) Melanin.

(c) Sebum.

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (c) Sebum. 

C. Subjective Questions:

1. Name and describe the three layers of the skin.

Ans: The skin consists of three layers— epidermis, dermis and hypodermis or subcutis. Epidermis is the topmost layer of the skin, whereas, subcutis or hypodermis is the bottom layer. Subcutis is also known as the ‘fat layer’. It provides physical protection and serves as an energy reservoir. Besides, it helps in insulation and thermal regulation of the body.

2. State any three functions of the skin.

Ans: Some of the major functions that the skin performs are as follows:

(i) Protection: The most important function of the skin is to protect the body from injury, heat, radiation, chemicals and microorganisms. The outermost layer of the epidermis is covered with ‘sebum’, which makes it waterproof. The acid mantle of the sebum makes it resistant to microorganisms. Melanin produced by melanocytes, which are present in the basal layer of the epidermis, protects the body from ultraviolet rays.

(ii) Sensation: The skin responds to heat, cold, touch, pressure and pain due to the presence of sensory nerve endings.

(iii) Absorption: The skin can absorb only certain drugs, medicines and creams. It implies that substances can enter the body through the skin.

3. Describe the functions of the epidermis.

Ans: The epidermis is the topmost or epithelial layer of the skin. It forms an outer protective covering of the body. It prevents loss of water from the body. The thickness of the epidermis varies in different body parts, for example, it is thickest on the palms and soles and thinnest on the eyelids.

The epidermis contains no blood vessels but has many small nerve endings. Since it does not have direct blood supply, all nutrients are supplied to it from the dermis.

The epidermis is made up of several layers of cells, mainly keratinocytes, melanocytes, and Langerhans cells.

(i) Keratinocytes: These cells become more mature or differentiated and accumulate ‘keratin’ as they move outwards. They eventually fall or rub off.

(ii) Melanocytes: These are found in the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells produce a black pigment called ‘melanin’, which imparts colour to the hair, skin and eyes. Melanin is packaged into small parcels (melanosomes), which are transferred to keratinocytes. Melanin protects the skin against ultraviolet rays.

(iii) Langerhans: cells These are also called ‘immune cells’. The langerhans cells are found in the epidermis and help the body recognise allergens (materials that are foreign to the body).

D. Label these Diagrams

Ans: 

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. A fibre is made up of long thin __________ packed in bundles.

Ans: A fibre is made up of long thin cells packed in bundles.

2. Muscles move different parts of the body by ___________ and relaxing. 

Ans: Muscles move different parts of the body by contracting and relaxing.

3. Voluntary muscles are those that one can ___________. 

Ans: Voluntary muscles are those that one can control.

4. Mentalis is the __________ that controls the movement of the lower lip. 

Ans: Mentalis is the muscle that controls the movement of the lower lip. 

5. Flexion of the shoulder or hip refers to the movement of the arm or __________ forward. 

Ans: Flexion of the shoulder or hip refers to the movement of the arm or leg forward.

6. Abduction is the movement of a body part away from the __________ plane, i.e., taking a limb away from the sagittal plane. 

Ans: Abduction is the movement of a body part away from the median plane, i.e., taking a limb away from the sagittal plane.

7. Dorsiflexion is the turning of the foot or toes ____________. 

Ans: Dorsiflexion is the turning of the foot or toes upward.

8. Plantar flexion refers to the flexion or extension of the foot at the ___________. 

Ans: Plantar flexion refers to the flexion or extension of the foot at the ankle.

9. In the ___________ position, a person lies with the front or face upward. 

Ans: In the supine position, a person lies with the front or face upward.

10. The ___________ muscles are found in the stomach, intestines and blood vessels.

Ans: The visceral muscles are found in the stomach, intestines and blood vessels.

B. Multiple Choice Questions: 

1. The muscle shown in the adjacent figure is ___________ muscle. 

(a) Frontal.

(b) Occipital.

(c) Eyebrow. 

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (a) Frontal.

2. The muscle shown in the adjacent figure is ____________ muscle.  

(a) Frontal.

(b) Occipital.

 (c) Eyebrow.  

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (c) Eyebrow.

3. The muscle present above the ear is called ___________ muscle.

(a) Auricularis superior.

(b) Auricularis posterior.

(c) Auricularis anterior.

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (a) Auricularis superior.

4. The position of the human body shown in the figure is that of _____________.

(a) Abduction.

(b) Adduction.

(c) Prone.

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (a) Abduction.

5. The human body shown in the figure is in ____________ position.

(a) Supine.

(b) Prone.

(c) Frontal.

(d) Occipital.

Ans: (b) Prone.

A. Fill in the Blanks:

1. In case of dry skin, the facial skin looks ___________ and ___________.

Ans: In case of dry skin, the facial skin looks pale and flaky.

2. A ___________ skin looks similar to dry skin.

Ans: A matured skin looks similar to dry skin.

3. In case of __________ skin, there are pimples on the __________.

Ans: In case of combination skin, there are pimples on the T–Zone.

4. Cleansing helps prevent the occurrence of ____________.

Ans: Cleansing helps prevent the occurrence of blackheads.

5. Another name for toner is ____________.

Ans: Another name for toner is astringent.

6. Moisturising normal skin helps control __________ and close pores.

Ans: Moisturising normal skin helps control wrinkles and close pores.

B. Multiple Choice Questions:

1. The pH of normal skin ranges from ____________.

(a) 7.5 to 8.5.

(b) 5.5 to 5.8.

(c) 6.5 to 5.5.

(d) 3.5 to 4.5.

Ans: (b) 5.5 to 5.8.

2. Dry skin is the result of ______________.

(a) over lubrication.

(b) Lack of lubrication.

(c) Both (a) and (b).

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (b) Lack of lubrication.

3. Which skin type is thicker and coarser?

(a) Normal.

(b) Dry.

(c) Oily.

(d) Allergic.

Ans: (c) Oily.

4. The process carried out to remove dirt and impurities accumulated in the pores is called ____________.

(a) Cleansing.

(b) Moisturising.

(c) Toning.

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (a) Cleansing.

5. A ___________ is applied to refresh and cool the skin.

(a) Toner.

(b) Cleanser.

(c) Moisturiser.

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (c) Moisturiser.

C. Subjective Questions:

1. Describe the following skincare techniques. 

(a) Cleansing.

Ans: This is performed to remove all impurities accumulated in the pores, make-up, surface dirt and top layer of dead skin cells. A cleansing milk or cream is used to cleanse the face of make-up, dirt and impurities. The cleansing milk or cream melts as it comes in contact with the skin, thus, allowing penetration into the pores for ‘deep cleansing’. Cleansing, thus, helps unclog the pores and prevents the occurrence of blackheads. It helps stimulate blood circulation in the facial skin, thereby, improving its health. Cleansing products must be easy to use and economical. An Assistant Beauty Therapist must ensure that a cleansing product is appropriate for the client and does not cause allergy, irritation or over stimulation. It must cleanse the skin effectively without stripping it off its natural protective barrier.

(b) Toning.

Ans: The process involves application of toners and skin fresheners to refresh and cool the skin. Toner (also known as ‘astringent’) is a cleansing agent. It is used to cleanse the skin surface of excess oil and last traces of dirt, grime and impurities stuck in the pores after washing the face. Toners vary in intensity. However, all have a tightening and cooling effect on the skin. Regular use of a toner keeps the skin hydrated, and also reduces wrinkles and fine lines.

(c) Moisturising.

Ans: The skin constantly loses its natural moisture content due to the following factors:

(i) Excess exposure to the Sun, wind and cold.

(ii) Excess use of degreasing products.

(iii) Central heating and air conditioning.

(iv) Flow of sebum slows down with age.

It is important that the skin maintains the required moisture content. Moisturiser forms a thin layer on the skin, helping preserve the required moisture content. Moisturisers are, therefore, used to keep the skin smooth, soft and supple. Applying a moisturiser overnight on dry and normal skin helps control wrinkles and close pores. Besides, it imparts a healthy glow to the skin. Regular use of moisturisers can, thus, help retain moisture content in the skin.

2. Describe any three types of skin.

Ans: It refers to how the skin looks, feels and behaves.

The different types of skin are described as follows:

Parimol

Hi! my Name is Parimal Roy. I have completed my Bachelor’s degree in Philosophy (B.A.) from Silapathar General College. Currently, I am working as an HR Manager at Dev Library. It is a website that provides study materials for students from Class 3 to 12, including SCERT and NCERT notes. It also offers resources for BA, B.Com, B.Sc, and Computer Science, along with postgraduate notes. Besides study materials, the website has novels, eBooks, health and finance articles, biographies, quotes, and more.