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Election in the village
Chapter – 2
অসম জাতীয় বিদ্যালয়
EXERCISE QUESTION ANSWER
Comprehension :
1. Answer the following questions in a single sentence each. (নিম্ন লিখিত প্রশ্নবোৰৰ প্ৰত্যেকৰে এটা বাক্যত উত্তৰ দিয়া ।)
(a) Where does Deep like to spend his vacations ? (দিপে তেওঁৰ বন্ধ কত কটাবলৈ ভাল পায় ?)
Ans: Deep likes to spend his vacation in his uncle’s village Bangaon.
(b) What is a village panchayat ? (গাওঁ পঞ্চায়ত কি ?)
Ans: Village panchayat is the system of self governance in the village and the grassroot level of democracy.
(c) When was the first Panchayat established in India ? (ভাৰতবৰ্ষত প্রথম পঞ্চায়ত কেতিয়া প্রতিষ্ঠা হৈছিল ?)
Ans: The first Panchayat was established in India in the year 1959 in Rajasthan.
(d) How many members can be there in a Panchayat ? (এখন পঞ্চায়তত কিমান সদস্য থাকিব পাৰে ?)
Ans: The member of elected members may be within five and Thirty one in a Panchayat.
(e) What is a Panchayat samiti ? ( পঞ্চায়ত সমিতি কি ?)
Ans: Panchayat samiti is the second level of self-governance in block level.
(f) What is the minimum age for voting in India ? (ভাৰতবৰ্ষত ভোট দিয়াৰ বাবে নিৰ্ধাৰিত বয়স কিমান ?)
Ans: The minimum age for voting in India is eighteen years.
(g) At present how many village Panchayats are there in India ?(বর্তমান ভাৰতবৰ্ষত কিমান সংখ্যক গাঁও পঞ্চায়ত আছে ?)
Ans: At present there are more than 4.5 Lakh village panchayats in India.
(h) What percentage of seats are reserved for women in a Panchayat ? (এখন পঞ্চায়তত কিমান শতাংশ আসন মহিলাৰ বাবে সংৰক্ষিত ?)
Ans: In a Panchayat 33% of membership seats are reserved for women.
(i) Since when Assam has had its Panchayats ? (কেতিয়াৰ পৰা অসমত পঞ্চায়তৰ ব্যৱস্থা আছে ?)
Ans: Assam has had its Panchayats system since 1948.
(j) What is the head of the Panchayat called ? (পঞ্চায়তৰ মুৰব্বীজনক কি বুলি কোৱা হয় ?)
Ans: The head of the Panchayat is called the president or Sarpanch.
2. Give brief answers to the following questions. (উল্লেখিত প্ৰশ্ন কেইটাৰ চমু উত্তৰ দিয়া।)
(a) What is the necessity of local self-governance in India ? (ভাৰতবৰ্ষত স্থানীয় নিজা-শাসনৰ প্ৰয়োজনীয়তা কি ?)
Ans: For functioning efficiently in a democratic government the co relation between its people and the government is desirable. But India is a very large country and it is quite impossible to reach out all the people directly by the government. So it is necessary to have a local self-governance for participation of the people easily.
(b) What kind of atmosphere do Deep and Rupa experience during their visit to the village ? (দীপ আৰু ৰূপাই গাঁওত কেনেকুৱা পৰিৱেশ পাইছিল ?)
Ans: The atmosphere in the village is quite different and unfamiliar for Deep and Rupa. Everybody is very busy in talking and discussing in groups. There are posters, banners, and flags all around the village and they have seen processions also.
(c) Explain the three levels of the Panchayati Raj system in India. (ভাৰতবৰ্ষৰ তিনি তৰপীয়া পঞ্চায়তী ৰাজ ব্যৱস্থাৰ ব্যাখ্যা কৰা।)
Ans: Panchayati Raj is a self-governance system at three levels. The first level is Panchayat in the villages, the second level is Panchayat! samiti in the block and the third level is the zila parishad in the districts. The people directly elect the members of the Panchayats while Panchayat samiti is formed by the Panchayat.
(d) What are the functions of the Panchayat ? (পাঞ্চায়তৰ কামবোৰ কি ?)
Ans: There are so many functions of a Panchayat. All the plans under taken by the government are implemented by the Panchayats/ It takes responsibilities of agricultural production, rural industries, medical relief, women and child welfare, rural employment maintenance of village roads, tanks etc.
(e) How do Panchayats help to maintain equality in the society ? (পঞ্চায়তে সমাজৰ সমতা ৰক্ষাত কিদৰে সহায় কৰে ?)
Ans: Panchayat is a local self-governance where people participate directly. And all the government plans are implemented by the Panchayats. In the Panchayat membership are reserved for women. Similarly backward class of a society are also given necessary representation in Panchayats. Thus it helps to maintain equality in the society.
(f) When the system of Panchayati Raj will be succeeded ? (পঞ্চায়তী ৰাজ ব্যৱস্থা কেতিয়া সফল হ’ব ?)
Ans: When the people will realize its importance and participate directly to implement different plans of government, then only one Panchayat Raj system will be succeded.
4. Write whether the following statements are ‘True’ or ‘false’. (শুদ্ধ বা অশুদ্ধ লিখা)
(a) Deep doesn’t like to visit the village.
Ans: false.
(b) India is a democratic country.
And: True.
(c) The villagers are very busy for the elections.
And: True.
(d) The citizens have no role to play in the rule of the lead in India.
And: False.
(e) Panchayats always have five members.
Ans: False.
(f) The rural development plans are implemented through the Panchayat.
And:True.
Grammar and Usage (ব্যাকৰণ আৰু ব্যৱহাৰ)
আমি Sentence ৰ আৰম্ভণি subject নাইবা object ৰ দ্বাৰা কৰিব পাৰো। আৰু এইটোৱেই সিদ্ধান্ত কৰে যে sentence টো active নে passive. যেতিয়া Verb ৰ subject ত কিবা কৰা বুজায়, তেতিয়া তাক Active voice বোলে। যেনে- Madhu wrote a letter. আৰু যেতিয়া Verb ৰ subject ৰ দ্বাৰা কিবা কৰা বুজায়, তেতিয়া তাক Passive voice বোলে। যেনে- A lefter was written by Madhu. Active ৰ পৰা Passive কৰাৰ সাধাৰণ নিয়ম।
১। বাকাৰ subject Verb আৰু object বাচি উলিওৱা।
Madhu wrote a letter.
S. V. O
২। বাক্যৰ object টো Subject হিচাপে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা।
Madhu wrote a letter
O
A letter
S
৩। Verb-ৰ tense অনুসৰি ‘be from of verb ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা ।
A letter was
8। Verb-ৰ past-participle ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা ।
A letter was written
৫। ‘By’ Preposition ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা ।
A letter was written by
৬। Subject অক Object হিচাপে ব্যৱহাৰ কৰা ।
A letter was written by Madhu
Examples :
I see the Moon.
The Moon was seen by me.
Madhu was cooking a nice meal.
A nice meal was being cooked by madhu.
Interrogative sentence ৰ খাতিৰত sentence ৰ ‘be-verb’ আগত ৰাখি সাধাৰণ নিয়মত active ৰ পৰা passive কৰা হয়।
Do you speak Assamese?
Is Assamese spoken by you?
Will you help me?
Shall I be helped by you?
Imperative mood ত ব্যৱহাৰ Verb ৰ passive voice sentence আগত ‘let’ বহুৱাব লাগে।
Do this sun.
Let this sun be done.
Take care of it.
Let it be taken care of
(a) Deep doesn’t like to visit the village.
Ans: False.
(b) India is a democratic Country.
Ans: True.
(c) The Villages are very busy for the elections.
And:True.
(d) The citizens have no role to play in the rule of the land in India.
Ans: False.
(e) Panchayats always have five members.
Ans: False.
(f) The rural development plans are implemented through the panchayat.
Ans: True.
Grammar and Usage (ব্যাকৰণ আৰু ব্যৱহাৰ)
5. বাচ্য (Voice) পৰিবৰ্তন কৰা।
(a) We elected the leader.
Ans: The leader was elected by us.
(b) Different plants are implemented by the panchayats.
And: The panchayats implement different plants.
(c) We should maintain social balance in society.
Ans: social balance in society should be maintained by us.
(d) women are given proper representation in panchayats.
Ans: Panchayats give women proper representation.
(e) They speak English properly.
Ans: English is spoken properly by them.
(f) Who rules our Country?
Ans: By whom our Country is ruled.
(g) Everyone likes his Company.
Ans: His Company is liked.
(h) what is wanted by him?
Ans: What he wants ?
6. Rewrite the following sentences correcting the tense of the verbs (Verb ৰ tense শুদ্ধ কৰা)
(a) They lived in the village since 1995.
Ans: They have been living in the village since 1995.
(b) Raju came before the guests left.
Ans: Raju had come before the guests left.
(c) The baby sleeps now.
Ans: The baby is sleeping now.
(d) The children played after it stopped raining.
Ans: The children played after it had stopped raining.
(e) I came from school just now.
Ans: I have come from school just now.
(f) I am always going to school by bus
Ans: I always go to school by bus.
Vocabulary
7. Select the correct meaning of the following words in italics from the alternatives given. (শুদ্ধ শব্দটো বাচি উলিওৱা)
(a) The atmosphere in the village was unfamiliar.
(i) Friendly
(ii) Wonderful
(iii) Unknown
(iv) Quief.
Ans: Unknown.
(b) aim of making the citizens aware of their rights.
(i) Correct
(ii) Privilege
(iii) Duties
(iv) Rituals.
Ans: Privilege.
(c) Panchayats are responsible for many functions.
(i) Cultural programmes
(ii) Special activities
(iii) A part of a programme
(iv) Operation.
Ans: Special activities.
(d) Different plants are implemented through panchayats.
(i) Emphasised
(ii) Carried out
(iii) Imparted
(iv) prepared.
Ans: Carried out.
8. Make sentences using the following words. (তলত উল্লেখিত শব্দৰ পৰা বাক্য সাজা)
Elect (v) : We elected the leader.
Election : Election is an essential part of democracy.
Govern (v) : The NGO is governed by a local committee.
Government : Government locks after its people.
Represent (v) : He Represented the society.
Representation : His Representation made the function lively.
Composition
9. Suppose you meet the president of a village panchayat. prepare an interview including questions about the name of the village, members in the village panchayats, various works already done and future plans.(ধৰি লোৱা, তুমি এজন গাওঁ পঞ্চায়তৰ সভাপতিক লগ পাইছা। এটা সাক্ষাৎকাৰ প্রস্তুত কৰা। প্রশ্ন শুধোঁতে গাওঁৰ নাম, পঞ্চায়তৰ, সদস্যৰ সংখ্যা, ইতিমধ্যে কৰা কাম আৰু ভৱিষ্যতৰ আচনিৰ সম্পৰ্কেও সুধিবা।)
Arup : Good morning Uncle, I am Arup your friend
Rajen’s son. May I talk to you sometime?
Uncle : Good morning, Come, have your seat, ok what do you want to know?
Arup : Actually our social study’s Mam told me to write a paragraph on panchayati Raj system. That’s why I select you to enquire all, as the president of panchayat.
Uncle : It’s ok, you can certainly talk with me.
Arup : Uncle, as I know our village name is Milanpur, but in which panchayat we belong to?
Uncle : That’s a good question, actually a panchayat includes more than five revenue villages, The name of our panchayat is ‘Boginadi.
Arup : How many members are there in a village panchayat?
Uncle : As I told, the revenue village in a panchayat is called “word” and the representative of the word is called “word member, or so called member of village panchayat. Generally the members of a village panchayat are not, less than five and not more than ten.
Arup : Thank you, May I know about various works you have already done and about your future plan please.
Uncle : Ok, as you know, I have been elected for five years, In this five years I plan for ever all development of our panchayat. Through NREGA We offer 100 days job to the poor workers, for cultivation we provide water pump set, seeds etc under social forest we plant saplings. For the development of village road we have taken different schemes. Moreover for poor families we offer IAY houses and so many are there.
Arup : Thank you uncle, thats enough for my paragraph writing and I have understood the function of this system also.
Spoken activity
10. It you are a candidate in the election of the captain of the class, how will you campaign for yourself? Give a speech in the class supporting your candidature. (যদি তুমি class captain ৰ নিৰ্বাচনত অংশ লোৱা তেতিয়া তুমি তোমাৰ নিৰ্বাচনী প্ৰচাৰ কিদৰ চলাবা? সমর্থন বিচাৰি এটা ভাষণ আগবঢ়োৱা।)
Good morning my dear friends. I am Kuldeep Saikia of class VIII Section B offer my candidature for the captainship of class VIII. I think you will be kind enough to elect me by casting your valuable Vote to represent the class. I promise to avail a friendly and pleasant environment in the classs-room. I will demand Principal Mam for suitable accomodation and well furnished class-room for us all. With your help and participation. I assure you to receive the best-class’ award in the annual prize distribution ceremony.
My dreams will come true by your support only.
Thank you
Your best friend
Kuldeep.
Assignment
Collect the names of at least six important rural development plans being implemented now by the government with the help of the panchayats. (গ্রাম উন্নয়নৰ কাৰণে পঞ্চায়তৰ জৰিয়তে প্ৰয়োগ কৰা প্ৰদৰ্শন ছয়টা আচনিৰ নাম সংগ্রহ করা )
1. NREGA (Now “Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment Guarantee Act’)
2. IAY : Indira Awas Yojana.
3. KALPATARU : Loan for educated unemployed youth.
4. KCC : Kisan Credit Card.
5. SHG : Self help group.
6. SW : Social Welfare. (Anganwadi).
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