SEBA Class 10 Solanaceous Crop Cultivator Chapter 5 Basic Farm Management

SEBA Class 10 Solanaceous Crop Cultivator Chapter 5 Basic Farm Management Solutions English Medium, SEBA Class 10 Solanaceous Crop Cultivator Question Answer, SEBA Class 10 Solanaceous Crop Cultivator Chapter 5 Basic Farm Management Notes to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapter Assam Board Solanaceous Crop Cultivator Elective Notes Class 10 SEBA English Medium and select needs one.

SEBA Class 10 Solanaceous Crop Cultivator Chapter 5 Basic Farm Management

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Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. SEBA Solanaceous Crop Cultivator Elective Class 10 Question Answer. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given SEBA Class 10 Solanaceous Crop Cultivator Chapter 5 Basic Farm Management Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.

Basic Farm Management

Chapter – 5

A. Fill in the blanks:

1. Costs involved in production process are ____________ and ____________.

Ans: Fixed costs and Variable costs.

2. A system of entry that ignores the double effect of transactions is called ____________.

Ans: Single entry system.

3. A method of recording each transaction in the account books in its two-fold aspects is known as _______________.

Ans: Double entry system.

4. A type of unit that is an important structure at a farm for cleaning and grading of vegetable seeds is called ____________.

Ans: Seed processing unit.

5. After grading, packing of the produce, the ____________ structures are essential until selling.

Ans: Storage.

B. Multiple choice questions:

1. Which of these is a winter or autumn winter seasonal vegetable?

(a) Melons.

(b) Carrot.

(c) Squash. 

(d) Gourds. 

Ans: (b) Carrot.

2. Which of these vegetables grows in the summer season?

(a) Gourds. 

(b) Fenugreek. 

(c) Carrot. 

(d) Cabbage.

Ans: (a) Gourds. 

3. Growing different crops in a sequenced season on the same land is called _____________.

(a) Multi cropping.

(b) Crop rotation.

(c) Mixed farming. 

(d) Sequence cropping.

Ans: (b) Crop rotation. 

4. The succeeding crop sown/planted before the preceding crop is ready for harvest is called _____________.

(a) Relay cropping.

(b) Crop rotation. 

(c) Intercropping. 

(d) Succession cropping.

Ans: (a) Relay cropping. 

5. An example of supplementary farm record is _____________.

(a) Farm inventory. 

(b) Cash sale register.

(c) Farm cash accounts.

(d) All of these.

Ans: (b) Cash sale register.

C. Subjective questions:

1. Define farm management. Describe the different farm resources. 

Ans: Farm management, making and implementing of the decisions involved in organizing and operating a farm for maximum production and profit.

The different farm resources are:

(i) Land management is of utmost importance in the production process. Agronomists and soil scientists check the land for intensity of land use, fertility of soil, levelling and bunding, drainage and irrigation, weed management, etc.

(ii) Labour management refers to the total amount of industrious work per man per unit time. The higher the labour efficiency.

(iii) Financial management Judicious management of finances of a farm business is important to increase the income of the farm. This part of the farm management pertains to the acquisition and use of capital.

(iv) Machinery management: Mechanisation of select farm operations is key to the successful implementation of a farming system based on intensive use of yield increasing technology and multiple cropping. Mechanisation remarkably increases output and labour productivity in a farm.

(v) Building management With the advancement of production technology, the importance of buildings has increased because the number of implements, machines, processing, storage, etc., has increased. Like with the other resources, marginal investments made on farm buildings will bring the highest returns to the farm.

2. What is a vegetable farm? Describe the farm buildings.

Ans: Vegetables or production of quality vegetable crop seeds along with raising nurseries for commercial purposes are what constitute a vegetable farm.

 The farm building are:

(i) Farm office belongs to the farm manager or farmer. It should be located at the centre of the farm for proper supervision. The office must be connected to the main road and located on high ground for proper drainage. The source of water supply and electricity should be provided accordingly.

(ii) Farm implements and vehicle shed should be near the office building. Enough space should be provided for both the implements and the tractors and trolleys.

(iii) Storehouse is used to keep fertilisers and related sources at an appropriate and safe place.

(iv) Threshing floor is a safe and protected area where threshing operations can be done after harvesting.

(v) Processing unit is also an important structure for cleaning and grading of seeds. Many vegetable seeds may require to be graded in uniform size and shape. 

(vi) Structure for storage of farm produce is essential as, after grading and packing of the produce, the produce has to be stored till it is sold.

(vii) Nursery raising structures should have polytunnels or polyhouses or nethouses or lath houses or cold  frames, etc. These structures can be constructed as per the requirement and investment capability.

(viii) Pack house is a space for packing any produce.

3. Write short notes on.

(a) Succession cropping.

Ans: Succession cropping is when, in a year, two or more crops are grown in succession on the same land. This system is generally followed in most market-oriented farms, where the aim is to keep the high-priced land occupied with cash crop for most part of the year. 

(b) Relay cropping.

Ans: Relay cropping system is when the growing span of two crops overlap for a short period of time. In this system, the succeeding crop is sown on the same piece of land before the harvesting of the preceding crop in the same year.

(c) Intercropping.

Ans: In intercropping, two or more crops are grown together or simultaneously in alternate rows or on the same land in the same season. The crops may or may not be sown or planted and harvested at the same time. It is mainly aimed at increasing the yield of the companion crop without reducing the yield of the main crop. 

(d) Crop rotation.

Ans: Crop rotation is a system of growing different crops in a regular sequence on the same land repeatedly for a period of two, three or more years. Here, the cropping sequence cycle takes more than one year to complete.

4. Discuss the double entry system and its importance.

Ans: Double entry system is a method of recording each transaction in the account books in its two-fold aspects. It means two entries are made for each transaction in the same set of books, one as a debit entry and the other as a credit entry.

 Advantages/Importance of double entry system:

(i) The system provides for complete personal and impersonal records, which include assets, liabilities, gains or losses. Thus, the nature and value of the possessions can be ascertained. 

(ii) It furnishes ways and means for checking arithmetical accuracy because two entries are made for each transaction. 

(iii) The system provides detailed information regarding the business. Classified records of all transactions will show combined overall results of a given policy. 

(iv) The system provides for automatic checks to prevent mistakes. 

(v) It affords an easy and ready reference to details of accounts.

D. Match the columns.

Ans: 

A. Fill in the blanks:

1. A majority of the produce is marketed through Channel ____________ and ____________.

Ans: Direct and indirect.

2. A model that determines the price and quantity of any product is called __________ model.

Ans: Demand and Supply.

3. APEDA stands for ____________. 

Ans: Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority.

4. Marketing information system is also known as ___________.

Ans: MIS (Management Intelligence System).

5. NAFED was established on _____________.

Ans: 2nd October 1958.

B. Multiple choice questions.

1. How many channels are predominant in vegetable marketing?

(a) 1

(b) 2

(c) 3

(d) 4

Ans: (d) 4.

2. APEDA was established in ____________. 

(a) 1986

(b) 1996

(c) 2002

(d) 2005 

Ans: (a) 1986.

3. The collection source of marketing information is ____________.

(a) Newspaper.

(b) Magazines.

(c) Government agencies or experts.

(d) All of the above.

Ans: (d) All of the above.

4. Bulb and tuber crops are generally transported ____________.

(a) By air.

(b) By ship.

(c) By rail.

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (b) By ship.

C. Subjective questions:

1. What is the marketing system of vegetable crops?

Ans: The marketing system for vegetable crops involves the production, processing, and distribution of vegetables to consumers.

2. What are the reasons for price fluctuation in the market?

Ans: The reasons for price fluctuation in the market are mentioned below:

(i) Demand and Supply Changes: If demand increases while supply remains constant, prices rise. Conversely, if supply increases and demand remains constant, prices fall.

(ii) Production Costs: Changes in the cost of raw materials, labor, and transportation affect the price of goods.

(iii) Government Policies: Taxes, subsidies, import/export duties, and price controls impact market prices.

(iv) Inflation: A general increase in price levels reduces the purchasing power of money, leading to higher prices.

3. Define demand with a suitable example.

Ans: Demand refers to the quantity of a good or service that consumers are willing and able to purchase at a given price within a specific period.

Example: If the price of apples decreases, more people may buy apples, increasing their demand.

4. Define supply with a suitable example.

Ans: Supply refers to the quantity of a good or service that producers are willing and able to offer for sale at different prices within a specific period.

Example: If the price of wheat rises, farmers may grow and supply more wheat to the market to earn higher profits.

D. Match the columns.

Ans: