NIOS Class 10 Psychology Chapter 23 Environmental Stress Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse throughout different chapters NIOS Class 10 Psychology Chapter 23 Environmental Stress Notes and select need one. NIOS Class 10 Psychology Chapter 23 Environmental Stress Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 10 Psychology Notes Paper 222.
NIOS Class 10 Psychology Chapter 23 Environmental Stress
Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 10 Psychology Chapter 23 Environmental Stress Solutions, NIOS Secondary Course Psychology Solutions for All Chapter, You can practice these here.
Environmental Stress
Chapter: 23
TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS ANSWERS
INTEXT QUESTIONS 23.1
Q.1. What is environment?
Ans: Environment includes the physical world and the social and cultural set-up in which we live and interact.
Q.2. What is the symbiotic relationship between human being and nature?
Ans: The symbiotic relationship considers that human and environment are interdependent on each other.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 23.2
Q.1. Define pollution.
Ans: Pollution is an undesirable change in the physical, chemical or biological characteristics of air, land and water that may harmfully affect life.
Q.2. Is there any relationship between crowding, emotion and behaviour? Describe any one emotional response to crowding.
Ans: Yes, there is a relation between crowding, emotion and behaviour.
A person may not feel comfortable when there are more people which may lead to anger and aggression in his behaviour as his irritability increases.
TERMINAL QUESTIONS
Q.1. Explain any one model of the human-environment relationship.
Ans: One model of the human-environment relationship are:
Humans Control over Nature: With the advent of science and technology, nature no longer remained a thing to be afraid of. Experiments were conducted by scientists in the various facets of life. We all have heard about kidney transplant, open heart surgery etc. In the same way we all see that nowadays the vegetables grown at a specific time of the year are now available throughout the year. A field called genetic engineering is bringing changes in the pattern of crop production and medicines. Human life has been elevated scientifically but again it was felt that some questions remained unanswered. Devastating earthquakes and global warming (rise in the temperature) which have brought climatic changes and depletion of the ozone layer all are now matters of great concern. Nuclear power has become a constant threat to the world. These problems lead us to think about environment differently in which a balance between man and environment is warranted.
Q.2. What is environmental stress? Explain.
Ans: To recapitulate it may be noted that stress is any physical or emotional state that causes bodily or mental tension. In the same way environmental stress can be defined as an undesirable transaction between the person and the environment. The demands made by environmental factors on us constitute the sources of environmental stress. To understand environmental stress better, let us learn about some issues linked to the human-environment relationship.
As indicated earlier considerable part of human behaviour is influenced by our environment. Environment has been used to include the physical world and sociocultural surrounding in which we live and interact with others. The field of environmental psychology deals with the diverse effects of environment on behaviour. Let us understand these views in some detail.
(i) Humans Subjugated to Nature: During the early part of history human beings looked at the environment from a different perspective. They believed that nature rules human beings. The various components of nature were considered supernatural and objects of worship. However, this view is still held in some cultures. The sun, moon, stars, animals, birds, trees etc. all are worshipped and also considered to be objects to be afraid of. This view did not find place in the modern scientific view in which reality in the physical form became important and human capabilities were highly valued. This led to another model which favoured human beings i.e. power or control over nature.
(ii) Humans Control over Nature: With the advent of science and technology, nature no longer remained a thing to be afraid of. Experiments were conducted by scientists in the various facets of life. We all have heard about kidney transplant, open heart surgery etc. In the same way we all see that nowadays the vegetables grown at a specific time of the year are now available throughout the year. A field called genetic engineering is bringing changes in the pattern of crop production and medicines. Human life has been elevated scientifically but again it was felt that some questions remained unanswered. Devastating earthquakes and global warming (rise in the temperature) which have brought climatic changes and depletion of the ozone layer all are now matters of great concern. Nuclear power has become a constant threat to the world. These problems lead us to think about environment differently in which a balance between man and environment is warranted.
(iii) Symbiotic Relationship between Human and Nature: We all read slogans like ‘conserve oil’, ‘plant trees’ and ‘save water’ but have you ever thought why it is said Human beings and nature have always shared an interdependent relationship which means that no one is sufficient in itself. Human beings derive a lot from nature in various forms and it also becomes a necessity that a sense of duty towards nature is generated. People blindly exploit various natural resources without thinking about their impact on others in present time and future. Many natural resources (e.g. oil, coal) are unreplenishable and therefore should not be wasted. The imbalance created due to blind exploitation of nature is also resulting in various forms of pollution and threats to life. You will read more about the various types of pollution and their impact in a later section of this lesson. The quality of air, water and eatables all are influenced by human intervention.
Q.3. Describe air pollution and its consequences for health.
Ans: Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Household combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities and forest fires are common sources of air pollution.
Its consequences for health are:
(i) Air pollution is an imbalance in the quality of air so as to cause adverse effects on the living organisms.
(ii) Air pollution is the carrier of oxygen for all life forms.
(iii) These not only cause irritation but also result in diseases like respiratory problems, cardio-vascular problems, hypertension, asthma, eye-related and neurological problems and result in early deaths too. You must remember that Human behaviour is linked to air pollution both as a causal factor and also as an effect.
