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NIOS Class 10 Indian Culture and Heritage Chapter 17 Scientists Of Modern India
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Scientists Of Modern India
Chapter: 17
TEXTUAL QUESTIONS
Intext Questions 17.1
Q.1. Who is called the father of nuclear physics in India?
Ans: Homi J. Bhabha.
Q.2. Srinivasa Ramanujan excelled in which field?
Ans: Mathematics.
Q.3. Which work of Ramanjan Srinivasa was published in the Journal of Indian Mathematical Society?
Ans: A research paper on Bernoulli numbers.
Q.4. Who wrote the Orders of Infinity?
Ans: G.H. Hardy.
Q.5. When did C.V. Raman win Nobel prize for physics?
Ans: In 1930.
Q.6. What attracted the most to C.V. Raman during his journey to England?
Ans: Blue colour of the sea.
Q.7. Which paper was written by C.V. Raman and sent to Royal Society of London?
Ans: One molecular scattering of light.
Q.8. What is called Raman Efforts?
Ans: In the broken light, there were two spectral lines of low intensity parallel to the spectral lines of low intensity parallel to the incident monochromatic light. This showed that the broken light was not monochromatic though the incident light was monochromatic.
Q.9. What are photons?
Ans: Particles that join together to make light.
Q.10. What work of Jagdish Chandra Bose gave him Knight position in London?
Ans: Hai paper on the Electromagnetic Radiation and polarization.
Q.11. Who invented Crescograph?
Ans: Jagdish Chandra Bose.
Q.12. What does a Crescograph record?
Ans: The millionth part of a centimetre growth of a plant and its movement.
Q.13. Who invented the first wireless coherer?
Ans: Jagdish Chandra Bose.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 17.2
Q.1. What was the research work of Dr. Homi J. Bhabha?
Ans: Cosmic Radiation.
Q.2. Which institution was opened at Dr. Bhabha’s ancestral home in 2945?
Ans: That Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR).
Q.3. What was the name of the first Atomic Reactor?
Ans: Apsara.
Q.4. What are cosmic rays?
Ans: Cosmic rays are a stream of energy particles coming from the outer space.
Q.5. How did Dr. Vikram Sarabhai able to save crores of Indian rupees?
Ans: He started the manufacturing of military hardware and producing antibodies and penicillin in India.
Q.6. What is TERLS?
Ans: Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station.
Q.7. Name the projects for defence services developed by Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
Ans: Prithvi, Trishul, Akash, Nag, and Agni.
Q.8. How did Dr Abdul Kalam help polio-affected people?
Ans: He reduced the weight of callipers from 4 kgs to 400 gms only.
TERMINAL EXERCISES
Q.1. Describe the contributions of Jagdish Chandra Bose in the field of science and technology.
Ans: Jagdish Chandra Bose in the field of plant physiology, brought glory and respect for the country. Dr J. C. Bose is famous all over the world as the inventor of Crescograph that can record even the millionth part of millimeter of plant growth and movement.
Q.2. Elaborate the efforts of Dr. Homi J. Bhadha in building India arsupe nuclear power.
Ans: H.J Bhabha is known as the father of Indian Nuclear Science. He lead India into atomic age. After joining Indian Institute of Sciences at Bangalore he felt the need of research institute, which would lay the foundation of India as a world nuclear power. For that he gave away his ancestral home for the establishment of Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in 1945.
Under his guidance Bhabha Atomic Research centre at Trombey and India’s, first Atomic Reactor Apsara was also established. In this way he lead India on the path of becoming a super nuclear power.
Q.3. How was C.V. Raman able to prove that our ancestors formulated great theories using the power of their mind?
Ans: C. V. Raman worked a lot in the field of science and achieved a recognition among world scientists, though he had no special infrastructure for experimenting at his disposal. He worked in a very sub standard laboratory, but using the power of his mind, he became not only the first Indian, but also the first Asian to receive Nobel prize for physics in 1930. Thus he proved that he like his ancestors used only the power of mind to formulate great theories.
Q.4. Dr. Kalam’s life is a symbol of the true spirit of India. Discuss.
Ans: (i) Dr. Kalam worked only for the development of Indian science and technology. He pioneered in the field of technology and medical. His contribution speaks for him. He is a true Indian.
(ii) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam served in ISRO from 1963 to 1982. At Vikram Sarabhai Space centre, he developed the Satellite Launch Vehicle (SLV-3), which put the satellite Rohini into orbit.
In 1982, as Director for DRDO, he was given the responsibility of Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).
(iii) The light weight carbon material designed for Agni has been used to make calipers for the polio-affected. The material has reduced the weight of calipers to 400 grams from 4 kgs. It was a great blessing for human beings.
The material has also been used to make spring like coils called stents, which are used in Balloon Angioplasty for treating heart patients.
SOME OTHER IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATION
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. He was the first Indian to receive to the fellowship of Trinity College.
(a) H.J. Bhabha.
(b) C.V. Raman.
(c) A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
(d) V. Sarabhai.
Ans: C.V. Raman.
2. ‘Orders of Infinity, was written by:
(a) J.E. Littlewoods.
(b) G.H. Hardy.
(c) C.V. Raman.
(d) Name of these.
Ans: G.H. Hardy.
3. He was the first Ssian to receive a Nobel prize in Physics.
(a) H.J. Bhabha.
(b) Dr. Jagdish Chandra Bose.
(c) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
(d) C.V. Raman.
Ans: C.V. Raman.
4. He invited Crescograph.
(a) Jagdish Chandra Bose.
(b) C.V. Raman.
(c) Ramanujan.
(d) Dr. Vikram Sarabhai.
Ans: Jagdish Chandra Bose.
5. Modern day IIMS were established by ______
(a) Jagdish Chandra Bose.
(b) Dr. Vikram Sarabhai.
(c) Homi J. Bhabha.
(d) C.V. Raman.
Ans: Dr. Vikram Sarabhai.
6. He is known as the father of Indian Nuclear Science.
(a) Dr. J.C. Bose.
(b) Dr. Vikram Sarabhai.
(c) Dr. Kalam.
(d) Homi. J. Bhabha.
Ans: Homi. J. Bhada.
7. Which great scientist of India also worked on the musical instruments?
(a) C.V. Raman.
(b) J.C. Bose.
(c) Homi. J. Bhabha.
(d) Abdul Kalam.
Ans: J.C. Bose.
8. He is known as the Missile man of India.
(a) Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam.
(b) J.C. Bose.
(c) C.V. Raman.
(d) Homi. J. Bhabha.
Ans: Dr. A.P. Abdul Kalam
VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
Q.1. Write full forms of the following:
(a) IAAS.
(b) RSL.
(c)TIFR.
(d) INCOSPAR.
(e) TERLS.
(f) SLV.
(g) IGMDP.
Ans: (a) IAAS: The Indian Audit and Accounts.
(b) RSL: The Royal Society of London.
(c) TIFR: Tata Institute of Fundamental Research.
(d) INCOSPAR: The Indian National Commission for Space Research.
(e) TERLS: Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station.
(f) SLV: Satellite Launch Vehicle.
(g) IGMDP: Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme.
Q.2. Who was Sriniwas Ramanjan?
Ans: Sriniwas Ramanjan was a great scientist, mathematical genius of India who has several outstanding achievements in this field to his credit.
Q.3. Who was C.V. Raman? Mention one of his main or most noteworthy achievements.
Ans: C.V. Raman was an outstanding Indian scientist who won the Nobel prize for physics in 1930. His finding that light is made up of particles known as photons known as the Raman Effect.
Q.4. For which invention Dr. Jagdish Chandra Bose is famous?
Ans: Dr. Jagdish Chandra Bose is credited with the invention of the Crescograph that can record plant growth and movement. Among others achievements, like devising instrument known as Bose instruments.
Q.5. Why was Dr. Homi Jehangir famous?
Ans: Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha was a great Indian scientist of modern India, who led India into the atomic age.
