NCERT Class 9 Skill Education Important Chapter 2 Rooftop Gardening

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NCERT Class 9 Skill Education Important Chapter 2 Rooftop Gardening

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Rooftop Gardening

Chapter: 2

IMPORTANT SOLUTIONS

A. Short Question Answer:

1. What are the benefits of a rooftop garden besides producing vegetables? 

Ans: A rooftop garden helps to cool down the temperature, reduces air pollution, creates relaxing green spaces, and provides a habitat for diverse animals.

2. How much vegetable yield can you expect from just 1 square metre of a rooftop garden? 

Ans: Even a small space of 1 square metre can yield approximately 10 kg of vegetables in a year.

3. What should be the typical life cycle of plants chosen for a rooftop garden? 

Ans: The selected plants should ideally have a life cycle of 2–3 months.

4. Where should heavy pots or containers be placed on a roof? 

Ans: Heavy containers should be placed close to the edges of the roof or above the beams, as these areas can support more load and prevent structural damage to the building.

5. How much sunlight does a rooftop garden typically need? 

Ans: we should choose a layout that receives at least 5–6 hours of direct sunlight every day.

6. Why is it not recommended to use only soil as a potting mixture? 

Ans: Using only soil is avoided because it retains excess water, becomes too tightly packed (preventing air from reaching the roots), causes poor drainage, and significantly increases the weight load on the roof.

7. What is the recommended proportion for a lightweight potting mixture? 

Ans: A mixture of cocopeat (or perlite/vermiculite), compost, and soil in a 1:1:1 proportion is recommended.

8. What should you add to your potting mix if the pH is too acidic (below 6.0)? 

Ans: we should add garden lime (calcium carbonate) to raise the pH.

9. What should you add if the potting mix is too alkaline (above 8.5)? 

Ans: we should add sulphur or organic manure to balance the pH.

10. What does WHC stand for in gardening? 

Ans: WHC stands for Water Holding Capacity, which is the maximum amount of water that a potting mixture or soil can hold.

11. What is the formula for calculating the Water Holding Capacity (WHC)? 

Ans: The formula is: WHC = ((Wet weight – Dry weight) / Dry weight) × 100.

12. Which pest is typically responsible for chewed leaves on plants like cabbage and tomato? 

Ans: Caterpillars are the pests that cause chewed leaves on these plants.

13. What pest causes black mould and weak, sticky leaves on plants? 

Ans: White flies are responsible for these symptoms.

14. What is a natural remedy for aphids that cause deformed leaves? 

Ans: Effective remedies include using a neem spray, chilli garlic spray, or manually removing them at an early stage.

15. Why is it best to harvest vegetables in the early morning or late evening? 

Ans: Harvesting at these times keeps the produce fresh and reduces wilting, whereas harvesting in the heat of the day can cause plants to lose water and become limp.

16. How should you store leafy vegetables like spinach and coriander to prolong freshness? 

Ans: They should be kept in a cool, moist place or wrapped in a clean, damp cloth or newspaper before refrigerating.

17. Why shouldn’t fruits like tomatoes be stored in tightly sealed plastic bags? 

Ans: Tight plastic bags trap moisture, causing rotting, and they trap ethylene gas (naturally emitted by many fruits), which makes the fruit ripen faster and spoil.

18. What is the purpose of making a Bill of Materials (BoM)? 

Ans: A BoM helps in estimating costs in advance, avoiding waste by ensuring you only buy what is necessary, and organising the work step by step.

19. How can you protect young seedlings from strong winds on a roof? 

Ans: we can protect them by using small covers or nets, or by placing the pots against a wall.

20. What are three methods to control weeds in a rooftop garden? 

Ans: Weeds can be managed by physical removal (hand-weeding or using tools), mulching (using organic materials or plastic sheets), and applying chemical weedicides.

Long Question Answer:

1. What are the critical factors to consider when designing the layout of a rooftop garden to ensure structural safety and optimal plant growth? 

Ans: When designing a rooftop garden layout, several critical factors must be taken into account:

Weight and Structural Safety: The weight of pots, growing media, and retained water can overload a roof and cause structural damage to the building. Therefore, heavy containers should always be placed close to the edges of the roof or directly above the beams, as these areas can support more load.

Sunlight Needs: Select areas that receive at least 5–6 hours of direct sunlight daily for sun-loving plants like tomatoes, while utilizing partially shaded areas for herbs and leafy greens.

Space and Water Management: Adequate space must be left between pots for maintenance. Pots should be placed on trays or stands to collect excess water, preventing waterlogging and protecting the roof surface from seepage.

Wind Protection: Plants on a roof are vulnerable to strong winds, so you should provide protection using small covers, nets, or placing pots against a wall.