NCERT Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Election and Representation Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NCERT Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Election and Representation Notes and select need one. NCERT Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Election and Representation Question Answers Download PDF. NCERT Political Science Class 11 Solutions.
NCERT Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Election and Representation
Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 11 Political Science Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 11 Political Science Chapter 3 Election and Representation Notes, NCERT Class 11 Political Science Textbook Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Election and Representation
Chapter: 3
| (PART-A) INDIAN CONSTITUTION AT WORK |
| TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS ANSWER |
1. Which of the following resembles almost a direct democracy?
(a) Discussions in a family meeting.
(b) Election of the class monitor.
(c) Choice of a candidate by a political party.
(d) Decisions taken by the Gram Sabha.
(e) Opinion polls conducted by the media.
Ans: (d) Decisions taken by the Gram Sabha is the best example of a Direct Democracy.
2. Which of the following tasks are not performed by the Election Commission?
(a) Preparing the Electoral Rolls.
(b) Nomination of the candidates.
(c) Setting up of polling booths.
(d) Implementing the model code of conduct.
(e) Supervising the Panchayat elections.
Ans: (e) Supervising the Panchayat Elections is not performed by the Election Commission.
3. Which of the following is common to the method of election of the members
of the Rajya Sabha and the Lok Sabha?
(a) Every citizen above the age of 18 is an eligible voter.
(b) Voters can give preference orders for different candidates.
(c) Every vote has equal value.
(d) The winner must get more than half the votes.
Ans: Out of the listed options, only the method of election for the Lok Sabha involves every citizen above 18 being an eligible voter.
(a) Every citizen above the age of 18 is an eligible voter – This is true for Lok Sabha elections but not Rajya Sabha.
(b) Voters can give preference orders for different candidates – This is not used in either Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha elections.
(c) Every vote has equal value – This is not applicable in Rajya Sabha elections.
(d) The winner must get more than half the votes – This is not the system used in either election.
4. In the First Past The Post System that candidate is declared winner who:
(a) Secures the largest number of postal ballots.
(b) Belongs to the party that has the highest number of votes in the country.
(c) Has more votes than any other candidate in the constituency.
(d) Attains first position by securing more than 50% votes.
Ans: In the First Past the Post System that candidate is declared winner who has more votes than any other candidate in the constituency.
5. What is the difference between the system of reservation of constituencies and the system of separate electorate? Why did the Constitution makers reject the latter?
Ans: (i) System of Reservation of Constituencies: Reserved constituencies are constituencies in which seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes and Tribes based on the size of their population.
(ii) System of Separate Electorate: Reservation is a system of affirmative action in India created during the British rule. It provides historically disadvantaged groups representation in education, employment, government schemes, scholarships and politics.
(iii) Reasons for rejecting the system of separate electorate by the Constitution makers: In a system of reservation of constituencies, the candidates are from that social section for which the seat is reserved and all voters, irrespective of their social group, vote for any of them. In a system of separate electorate, the candidate of a particular community can only be elected by the voters of her/his community.
The latter was rejected by the Constitution makers because it went against their purpose of unity, secularism and a state that is free from discrimination.
(iv) Promotion of Unity and Integration: Promoting unity and integrity in a diverse country like India requires a multifaceted approach that focuses on fostering understanding, tolerance, and mutual respect among its citizens.
(v) Prevention of Communal Polarisation: All the skills of communication, conflict resolution, and collaboration are ways to prevent conflict from escalating into polarisation which divides a community.
(vi) Promotion of Equality and Social Justice: Promoting social equality requires collective action-from policy changes and legal measures to social initiatives and individual behaviour. It involves recognizing and addressing systemic biases and creating an environment that respects and values diversity.
6. Which of the following statements are incorrect? Identify and correct them by substituting, adding or rearranging only one word or phrase.
(a) FPTP system is followed for all the ns in India.
Ans: Incorrect. FPTP system is only followed for election to Panchayats, Legislative Assemblies and the Lok Sabha.
(b) Election Commission does not supervise Panchayat and Municipal elections.
Ans: Election Commission does not supervise Panchayat and Municipal elections. This statement is correct.
(c) President of India cannot remove an Election Commissioner.
Ans: Incorrect. The President of India can remove an Election Commissioner on the recommendation of both houses of the Parliament.
(d) Appointment of more than one Election Commissioner in the Election Commission is mandatory.
Ans: This is also incorrect. The correct statement is the appointment of more than one Election Commissioner is not mandatory.
7. The Indian electoral system aims at ensuring representation of socially disadvantaged sections. However we are yet to have even 10 per cent women members in our legislatures. What measures would you suggest to improve the situation?
Ans: (i) Proportional representation system of election would be better for ensuring proper representation of women in legislatures.
(ii) This will ensure the proper representation of women according to their percentage in the Indian population.
(iii) The other method is to implement reservation for women candidates in electoral constituencies.
(iv) The system of reservation should be rotated among all constituencies to ensure proper representation of women from all parts of the country.
8. Here are some wishes expressed in a conference to discuss a constitution for a new country. Write against each of these whether FPTP or Proportional Representation System is more suited to meet each of these wishes:
(a) People should clearly know who is their representative so that they can hold him or her personally accountable.
Ans: FPTP.
(b) We have small linguistic minorities who are spread all over the country. We should ensure fair representation to them.
Ans: Proportional Representa- tion.
(c) There should be no discrepancy between votes and seats for different parties.
Ans: Proportional Representation.
(d) People should be able to elect a good candidate even if they do not like his or her political party.
Ans: FPTP.
9. A former Chief Election Commi- ssioner joined a political party and contested elections. There are various views on this issue. One view is that a former Election Commissioner is an independent citizen and has a right to join any political party and to contest elections. According to the other view, leaving this possibility open can affect the impartiality of the Election Commission. So, former Election Commissioners must not be allowed to contest any election. Which position do you agree with and Why?
Ans: The Election Commissioners should not contest elections after they leave office. This is because the Election Commission is a constitutional body that requires the highest standards of integrity to ensure impartiality in its conduct. The task of the Election Commissioner is to impartially supervise and safeguard the conduct of elections and not become a part of the electoral process. The Election Commission is an independent and impartial agency to conduct free and fair elections in the country. In my opinion, a former Election Commissioner must not be allowed to contest any election because it can affect the impartiality of the Election Commission.
10. “Indian democracy is now ready to shift from a rude First Past The Post System to a system of Proportional Representation”. Do you agree with this statement? Give your reasons for or against this statement.
Ans: In our opinion Indian democracy is not ready to adopt a system of proportional representation due to the following reasons:
(i) An elected representative, according to the Indian Constitution, is obligated to serve the people of the entire constituency and all constituents, not only those who exercised their franchise in favour of the MLA (Member of the Legislative Assembly) or the MP (Member of Parliament). Using the same example given earlier, in the FPTP system, the interests and views of the 70 voters who did not vote for the winning representative often go unattended, because the elected representative tends to pay more attention to those who voted for them.
(ii) The representative is often compelled to indulge in vote-bank, competitive politics or sectoral politics to remain popular and ensure re-election in the next round. Even political parties have to resort to populism and vote-bank politics to remain politically relevant. Therefore, under FPTP, the 70 votes remain passive.
(iii) The system of proportional representation is not suitable for a big country like India. In India, the number of voters is more than 71 crores. Hence, it is very difficult to follow this system of election because it is almost impossible to transfer crores of votes from one candidate to another candidate.
