Class 9 English Grammar Synthesis of Sentences, NCERT/SCERT Class 9 English Grammar Notes to each Syllabus wise provided in the list of SEBA Class 9 English Grammar Synthesis of Sentences can be of great value to excel in the examination.
Class 9 English Grammar Synthesis of Sentences
Class 9 English Grammar Question Synthesis of Sentences cover all the exercise questions in Assam Board SEBA Textbooks. The SEBA Class 9 English Grammar provided here ensures a smooth and easy understanding of all the concepts. Understand the concepts behind every chapter and score well in the board exams.
SYNTHESIS OF SENTENCES
GRAMMAR
SIMPLE SENTENCE
A sentence which has only one subject and one predicate (and on finite verb) is known as a simple sentence.
e.g.Tom is playing cricket in the field.
It is possible to combine two or more simple sentences. This is known as Synthesis of simple sentences.
Sentences can be combined in the following ways:
1. by using conjunction.
2. by using an adjective.
3. by using participles.
4. by using participle phrase.
5. by using preposition with nouns.
6. by using noun phrases in apposition.
7. by using adverbs.
8. by using infinitives.
1. By using conjunction ‘and’
e.g. Ram is honest. Ram is clever. Ram is brave.- Ram is honest, clever and brave.
2. By using an adjective
e.g. The tall man had a watch. The watch was new. The watch was costly. The tall man had a costly new watch.
3. By using participles
e.g. The thief saw the police. He ran away.- On seeing the police the thief ran away.
4. By using participle phrase
e.g. The rain came down. All the people ran away. The rain having come, all the people ran away.
5. By using infinitives
e.g. Mohan is very fat. He cannot run. – Mohan is too fat to run.
6. By using an adverb or an Adverb phrase e.g. He passed the test. It was very fortunate.- Fortunately he passed the test.
7. By using a preposition with a noun
e.g. He has failed many times. He still hopes to succeed.- In spite of many failures he hopes to succeed.
8. By using a noun or a phrase in apposition
e.g. Lord Alfred Tennyson was a great poet. He wrote many poems.- Lord Alfred Tennyson, a great poet, wrote many poems.
COMBINING OF SIMPLE SENTENCES INTO COMPOUND SENTENCES
Compound sentence:
A sentence which is made up of two or more coordinating clauses (equal clauses) is known as a compound sentence.
Method of Combining :
Generally simple sentences can be combined to form compound sentences by using the following coordinative conjunctions=and. both, not only but also, as well as, but, still, nevertheless, however, yet, or, Either….or, Neither… nor, so, therefore, for, etc.
Exercise :
Combine the following simple sentences into compound sentences :
(i) The night is dark. I am far from home.
(ii) He cannot speak. He cannot hear.
(iii) I am in the right. You are in the wrong.
(iv) He was fined. He was sent to prison.
(v) We can travel by land. We can travel by air.
Ans: (i) The night is dark and I am far from home.
(ii) He can neither speak nor hear.
(iii) I am in the right but you are in the wrong.
(iv) He was not only fined but also sent to prison. He was fined and sent to prison.
(v) We can travel by land as well as by air.
Change the following compound sentences into simple sentences:
(i) He is not only learned but also courteous.
(ii) Make haste or else you will be late.
(iii) You must not be late or you will be punished.
(iv) (v) He is not only diligent but also intelligent.
(v) He neither paid the bill nor returned the goods.
Ans: (i) He is learned. He is courteous.
(ii) Make haste. You will be late.
(iii) You must not be late. You will be punished.
(iv) He is diligent. He is intelligent.
(v) He did not pay the bill. He did not return the goods.
COMBINING OF SIMPLE SENTENCES INTO COMPLEX SENTENCES
Complex sentence:
A sentence which is made up of one main or principal clause and one or more subordinate clauses is known as a complex sentence.
e.g. This is the boy who stole my pen.
Principal clause :
The clause which is independent and can stand by itself is known as a principal clause. In the above sentence
This is the boy– is the principal clause.
Subordinate clause:
The clause which is dependent on other clauses and do not make sense by itself is known as a subordinate clause. In the above sentence who stole my pen is the subordinate clause.
Methods of Combining simple sentences into complex
We can combine simple sentences into complex by using words such as :
that, when, where, what, whose, who, which, as, as soon as, no sooner than, as long as, until, before, after, while, since, scarcely, till, however, etc.
Examples
(i) I know the gentleman. He was the chief guest at the function.
Ans: I know the gentleman who was the chief guest at the function.
(ii) I have met the officer. The minister slapped the officer.
Ans: I have met the officer whom the minister slapped.
(iii) I know the boy. His father died last week.
Ans: I know the boy whose father died last week.
(iv) These are fresh mangoes. I bought them yesterday.
Ans: These are fresh mangoes which I bought yesterday.
(v) We went out. It was raining
Ans: It was raining when we went out.
(vi) I visited the village. I was born there.
Ans: I visited the village where I was born.
(vii) My mother cooks well. Her sister cooks better.
Ans: My mother’s sister cooks better than her.
(viii) A fox is cunning. A crow is not equally cunning.
Ans: A crow is not as cunning as a fox.
(ix) The deer saw the hunter. It ran away at once.
Ans: As soon as the deer saw the hunter, it ran away.
(x) He was selected. He speaks the truth.
Ans: He was selected because he speaks the truth.
(xi) Are you sure of your success ? We will support you.
Ans: We will support you if you are sure of your success.
(xii) Maya is clever. She failed in the examination.
Ans: Although Maya is clever yet she failed in the examination.
(xiii) Take exercise everyday. You will have good health.
Ans: You will have good health if you take exercise everyday
(xiv) He is too weak. He cannot walk.
Ans: He is so weak that he cannot walk.
(xv) She earned something. She spent it.
Ans: She spent what she earned.
(xvi) The school is good. We know the fact. good.
Ans: We know the fact that the school is
(xvii) She will get a visa. She stays here up to that time.
Ans: She stays here till she gets a visa.
(xviii) Stay with us. When you work here.
Ans: You stay with us as long as you work here.
(xix) It was raining. We did not go out.
Ans: Since it was raining, we did not go out.
Exercise
Combine the following simple sentences into complex sentences :
(i) He is weak. He is unable to walk.
(ii) He has gone to a place, No one can meet him at that place.
(iii)He completed his work. He went home.
(iv) I saw a beggar. He was carrying a lantern.
(v) My brother failed. This news disappointed me.
(vi) On being punished, he wept.
(vii) He is too dull to understand.
(viii) His silence proves his guilt.
(ix) This is a beautiful spot.
(x) I saw a wounded animal.
Ans: (i) As he is weak, he cannot walk.
(ii) He has gone to a place where no one can meet him.
(iii) He went home when he completed his work.
(iv) I saw a beggar who was carrying a lantern.
(v) The news that my brother failed disappointed me.
(vi) He wept because he was punished.
(vii) He is so dull that he cannot understand.
(viii) He silence proves that he is guilty.
(ix) This is a spot which is beautiful.
(x) I saw an animal which was wounded.
Convert the following complex sentences into simple sentences
(i) I know that he is an intelligent boy.
(ii) The birds cannot fly unless they have wings.
(iii) A stone that rolls gathers no moss.
(iv) It is doubtful whether he is innocent.
(v) He declared that he was innocent.
Ans: (i) He is an intelligent boy.
(ii) Birds without wings cannot fly.
(iii) A rolling stone gathers no moss.
(iv) His innocence is doubtful.
(v) He declared his innocence.
Some Previous Year’s Questions
1. He was poor. He was honest. (Combine the sentences).
2. The old man is too weak to walk. (Make it complex).
3. Where does he live? Do you know it ? (Combine).
4. They live in a village. It is six miles away (Combine).
5.The box is heavy. I cannot lift it. (Combine).
6. He is poor. He is honest. (Combine).
7. He tried hard. He failed in the examination. (Combine).
8. A man was running away, we saw the man. (Combine).
9.He will pass. There is no doubt about it. combine)
10. You are not sincere. You are not honest. (Combine with ‘Neither…nor’).
11. He is very old. He cannot work hard. (Combine).
12. He is not intelligent. He is not sincere. (Combine).
13. He promised to help me. (Turn into a complex sentence).
14. As soon as he came we left the place. (Use ‘no sooner’).
15. You were ill. I did not know it. (Combine into a single sentence).
16. The bird was very small. It could not fly. (Combine in a single sentence).
17. He died young. It was unfortunate. (Combine).
18. I don’t know his name. (Make it a complex sentence).
19. My uncle built this bridge. He is an engineer. (Combine).
20. Rabin is my friend. He is a journalist. (Combine).
21. You insulted him. This is his complain (Combine).
22. I was glad when I heard the good news. (Make it simple).
23. Where has he gone? Do you know it ? (Combine).
24. This man is not educated. He is not intelligent either (Combine).
Ans: 1. Though he was poor, he was honest.
2. The old man is so weak that he cannot walk.
3. Do you know where he lives ?
4. They live in a village which is six miles away.
5. The box is so heavy that I cannot lift it.
6. He is poor but honest.
7. Though he tried hard, he failed in the examination.
8. We saw a man running away.
9. There is no doubt that he will pass.
10. You are neither sincere nor honest.
11. He is so old that he cannot work hard.
12. He is neither intelligent nor sincere.
13. He promised that he would help me.
14. No sooner had he come, we left the place.
15. I did not know that you were ill.
16. The bird was too small to fly.
17. It was unfortunate that he died young.
18. I don’t know what his name is.
19. EMy uncle, who is an engineer, built this bridge.
20. Rabin, who is a journalist, is my friend.
21. His complaint is that you insulted him.
22. I was glad to hear the good news.
23. Do you know where he has gone ?
24. This man is neither educated nor intelligent.
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