Class 11 Floriculturist Chapter 3 Tools and Equipment

Class 11 Floriculturist Chapter 3 Tools and Equipment Solutions English Medium As Per AHSEC New Syllabus to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters Class 11 Floriculturist Chapter 3 Tools and Equipment Question Answer and select need one. Class 11 Floriculturist Chapter 3 Tools and Equipment Notes Download PDF. AHSEC Class 11 Elective Floriculturist Question Answer English Medium.

Class 11 Floriculturist Chapter 3 Tools and Equipment

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Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. AHSEC Class 11 Floriculturist Textual Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given AHSEC Class 11 Floriculturist Textbook Solutions English Medium for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Tools and Equipment

Chapter: 3

A. Fill in the Blanks: 

1. The equipment used for turning over the soil or cutting furrows is called _____________. 

Ans: Plough.

2. Mouldboard plough can open a furrow of about _____________ cm and above. 

Ans: 20 cm and above.

3. _______________ plough works well in sticky soil. 

Ans: Disc plough.

4. Sub-soil single arm plough can be inserted up to ____________ cm deep in the soil. 

Ans: 50 cm.

5. Cultivator is an implement that performs ____________ and _______________.

Ans: Ploughing, harrowing.

B. Multiple Choice Questions:

1. Cultivator helps to maintain good ______________. 

(a) Tillage. 

(c) Landscaping. 

(b) Tilth.

(d) Fertility. 

Ans: (b) Tilth.

2. An implement used for the preparation of finer soil by breaking clods is called ___________. 

(a) Harrow.

(b) Plough.

(c) Level board.

(d) Rotavator.

Ans: (a) Harrow.

3. An implement used for levelling the field is called ____________. 

(a) Harrow. 

(b) Cultivator.

(c) Rotavator.

(d) Plank.

Ans: (d) Plank.

C. Subjective Questions:

1. Describe various types of implements used for field preparation.

Ans: The various types of implements used for field preparation are as under:

(i) Mouldboard plough: This is made of carbon steel or steel alloy, the base of which is at the right angle triangle. The size of the mouldboard plough is measured by the width of the furrow that is opened by the plough. Generally, it can open a furrow of about 20 cm and above. It throws the furrow slices only on one side.

(ii) Disc plough: It consists of moving circular steel discs of varying sizes. The size of discs includes its diameter and thickness. Discs in different ploughs used are 50–90 cm in diameter. Discs cut, turn, and break furrow slices. These can work well in sticky soil, as well as in very hard and dry soil. It is much heavier and leaves the soil rough and cloddy.

(iii) Sub-soil single arm plough (Patashi plough): This plough is useful for heavy soils. It consists of a single adjustable arm having shears at the base and breaks the hard pan developed below the soil surface. It improves drainage in water-stagnant soils. It can be inserted up to 50 cm deep in the soil and is most suitable for making a trench of 5–7 cm wide.

(iv) Harrows: These are used for the preparation of finer soil by breaking clods, cutting weeds, and pulverizing the soil surface during field preparation. The harrows may be disc, spike, spring, or blade types.

(v) Plank: It is a heavy wooden log, generally, used for compacting and levelling used for seed bed and field preparation for sowing the seeds. Planks are also used immediately after sowing the seeds to ensure proper covering of seeds with soil. It is also used for levelling the soil after ploughing.

(vi) Cultivator: A cultivator is used to stir and loosen the soil, breaking the clods and destroying the weeds. The cultivator performs intermediary ploughing and harrowing. It also maintains a good tilth, adequate aeration, prevents run-off, and evaporation losses. Cultivators may be shovel, disc, and blade types. Tine and spike cultivators are used to till the soil.

2. Write in brief about the following:

(i) Harrow.

Ans: These are used for the preparation of finer soil by breaking clods, cutting weeds, and pulverizing the soil surface during field preparation. The harrows may be disc, spike, spring, or blade types.

(ii) Cultivator.

Ans: A cultivator is used to stir and loosen the soil, breaking the clods and destroying the weeds. The cultivator performs intermediary ploughing and harrowing. It also maintains a good tilth, adequate aeration, prevents run-off, and evaporation losses. Cultivators may be shovel, disc, and blade types. Tine and spike cultivators are used to till the soil.

D. Match the Columns:

Ans:

A. Fill in the Blanks: 

1. The tool used for cutting and budding is known as _______________. 

Ans: Budding knife.

2. _____________ is used for making cuttings, pruning off pencil thick branches. 

Ans: Secateurs.

3. The tool consisting of two blades with tangs is identified as __________________. 

Ans: Hedge shear.

4. Grass shears are used for ___________ and __________ of the lawn. 

Ans: Trimming and side dressing.

B. Multiple Choice Questions: 

1. A tool used for making bunds and small plots in a field is called a ______________.

(a) Rake.

(b) Shovel.

(c) Khurpi.

(d) Spade.

Ans: (d) Spade.

2. The tool used for collecting weeds and stones is called _______________.

(a) Spade.

(b) Rake.

(c) Khurpi.

(d) Shovel.

Ans: (b) Rake.

3. Moving heavy things from one place to another is the function of a ______________.

(a) Khurpi.

(b) Hand hoe.

(c) Wheelbarrow.

(d) Shovel.

Ans: (c) Wheelbarrow.

4. Pruning shoots off trees, which are beyond reach from the ground level is done by a ______________.

(a) Pruning saw.

(b) Tree pruner.

(c) Secateur.

(d) Flower scissor.

Ans: (b) Tree pruner.

C. Subjective Questions:

1. What precautions should be taken during and after the use of a tool or an equipment?

Ans: Precautions to be taken during and after the use of a tool or equipment are as follows:

During the Use:

(i) Keep all the tools and equipment out of the reach of children. 

(ii) Handle them carefully and follow the instructions given in the manual provided with them. 

(iii) If there is any accidental hazard, immediately contact the doctor. 

(iv) It is essential to clean the equipment after use. 

(v) During the spraying of insecticides, pesticides and fungicides, effective safety measures need to be taken.

After the use:

(i) Clean the equipment.

(ii) Store properly.

(iii) Ensure safety.

(iv) Report any damage.

(v) Maintain the equipment.

2. Write down the application and structure of the following:

(a) Crow bar.

Ans: The structure and application of a crow bar are as follows:

Structure:

A crow bar, also known as a pry bar, is a simple tool made of a long piece of metal with a curved or flattened end, which is often wedge-shaped. It is typically made of hardened steel to withstand the forces it is subjected to during use. One end of the bar is usually tapered, while the other end can either be flat or have a hooked or bent shape for better leverage.

Application:

Crow bars are used for:

(i) Prying open stuck parts or doors.

(ii) Leveraging heavy objects.

(iii) Removing nails or fasteners.

(iv) Breaking apart objects (e.g., crates, concrete).

(b) Budding-cum-grafting knife.

Ans: A budding-cum-grafting knife is a combination of two knives used for budding and grafting operations. It consists of two blades: one for budding and another for grafting. These blades are fixed at the ends of the handle. Both blades are made from high carbon or alloy steel and are accommodated in one handle. Both blades are foldable into the handle for ease of use and storage.

Length of the working blade: 6.5–7.5 cm

Width: 1.5 cm

Application:

This specialized knife is used for:

(i) Budding: inserting a bud from one plant into the stem of another.

(ii) Grafting: joining a piece of a stem (scion) from one plant onto the root system of another (rootstock).

(c) Hedge shear.

Ans: It is used for trimming, pruning and cutting of hedges and shrubs in the desired shape. It consists of two blades with tangs. The size of the shear is according to the size of the blades varying from 15–30 cm in length and 0.8 cm thickness.

Application:

Hedge shears are used for:

(i) Trimming and shaping hedges.

(ii) Cutting and pruning shrubs.

(ii)  Maintaining garden boundaries and topiaries.

(d) Secateur.

Ans: These are meant for cutting the branches, de-shooting, disbudding, cutting of scion sticks, defoliation of leaves from the sticks and topping off of small trees, etc. These are also useful in pruning off pencil thick branches and making cuttings for propagation.

Application:

Secateurs are used for:

(i) Pruning plants.

(ii) Cutting stems and branches.

(iii) Trimming flowers and shrubs.

(iv) Harvesting fruits and flowers.

D. Match the Columns:

Ans:

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