NIOS Class 12 Mass Communication Chapter 20 Public Relations – Tools, Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NIOS Class 12 Mass Communication Chapter 20 Public Relations – Tools and select need one. NIOS Class 12 Mass Communication Chapter 20 Public Relations – Tools Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Study Material of Class 12 Mass Communication Notes Paper 335.
NIOS Class 12 Mass Communication Chapter 20 Public Relations – Tools
Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 12 Mass Communication Chapter 20 Public Relations – Tools, NIOS Senior Secondary Course Mass Communication Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.
Public Relations – Tools
Chapter: 20
TEXT BOOK QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.1
1. Fill in the blanks with the most suitable word given in brackets:
(i) Oral communication is also called …………. communication. (face to face, interpersonal, intrapersonal)
Ans. Face to face.
(ii) ………….. is an example of oral communication. (speech, website, poster)
Ans. Speech.
(iii) The basic goal of public relations is to ………… the public. (distract, offend, attract)
Ans. Attract.
(iv) …………. is a form of oral communication involving questions and answers. (speech, interview, campaign)
Ans. Interview.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.2
1. Given below are a list of description. Relate them to the respective form of printed and graphic communication that you have learnt in the lesson.
Description
Type of printed and graphic communication
(i) Written communication used to make an announcement to the media ……………
Ans. Press release.
(ii) Printed publication produced at regular intervals …………..
Ans. Newsletter.
(iii) Folded sheet of printed information which is relevant for a longer period …………..
Ans. Brochure.
(iv) Unfolded sheet of printed information presenting a single message …………….
Ans. Filter.
2. Give any two differences between newspaper and magazine advertising.
Ans. Newspaper advertising
- Generally in black and white.
- Found in various sizes.
- More than one advertisement may be places on the same pages.
Magazine advertising
- Generally in colour
- Mostly full page
- Normally only one advertisement is placed on one page.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.3
1. List ant two forms of outdoor media with examples.
Ans. Hot air balloons and posters.
2. Fill in the most appropriate word/s in the blank space:
(i) Hoarding is an example of ………… media.
Ans. Outdoor.
(ii) Radio advertisement combine ………….. and messages.
Ans. Music.
(iii) Images and text in the print media are ……………
Ans. Static.
(iv) Image on the internet offer scope for ………….. and …………..
Ans. Movement, sound.
(v) When messages are written on bus panels, this form of communication is called ………… media.
Ans. Poster.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 20.4
1. What is a website? How is it useful as a PR tool?
Ans. A website is a collection of web pages and images, which is accessible to the public through the internet.It is used effectively as a medium of public relations. For example, railway uses website to provide reservation of tickets.
2. Name two celebrities whom you have seen endorsing products on television.
Ans. (i) name of a filmstar.
(ii) name of a cricketer.
(iii) any other.
3. List any two features of an exhibition.
Ans. Exhibition is another PR tool to enhance public relations activity.
The exhibits or items displayed leave a lasting impression on the minds of the people.
TERMINAL QUESTIONS
1. What do you understand by the term ‘PR tools’ in the lesson. List the different PR tools that you have learnt.
Ans. Let us take the example of a school principal who has to address her students before their exams. She will have to prepare her talk effectively so that the students feel encouraged and motivated.
Consider the example of another message appealing to the public to participate in a campaign to keep the city clean. This may be broadcast through radio or television.
A website can also be used to provide information.
All these are examples of tools or techniques used in public relations.
PR tools used to communicate to the public are the following:
- Oral communication
- Printed and graphic communication
- Print media
- Outdoor media (electronic displays, hoardings, posters)
- Brandcast media (radio, television, films)
- Other media (websites, endorsements, exhibitions)
2. Explain the use of oral communication as a PR tool.
Ans. Oral communication is similar to interpersonal communication where there is a two way communication. This is also called face to face communication or person to person communication. This was the only form of communication when there were no means of modern communication.
3. Differentiate between different types of printed and graphic communication with examples.
Ans. Brochures
When the message to be conveyed must last longer in the minds of the audience, then one sheet of information, as in a flier, may not be sufficient. In such a case, a multi-page publication or in other words, more than one page of printed matter, is produced as a PR tool.
Depending on their size and purpose for which they are developed, they are called leaflets, folders or pamphlets. All these publications are called brochures.
We can therefore define a brochure as follows:
‘folded sheet of information which can be read like a book and provides information which is relevant over a longer period of time’.
NEWSLETTER
What exactly is a newsletter?
- It is printed publication produced at regular intervals.
- It is distributed to a particular audience seeking information.
- A newsletter should focus on information relevant to its public or audience.
- The content of a newsletter is presented in a writing style that is less formal and letter-like.
FLIERS
- Represent the simplest and easiest form of information tools used in public relations.
- Were the first written material used for public relations.
- Are unfolded sheets posted on bulletin boards, delivered by mail or distributed by hand.
- Present a single message rather than a series of separate message units.
- Time specific and address a particular event.
- Serve awareness objectives through information.
Filters can be made effective by enhancing their visual appeal.
4. Describe the importance of broadcast media as a PR tool.
Ans. The characteristic feature here is the sound which creates an impact on the listeners. Radio advertisements which combine music and messages is a typical example used for public relations.
These images have certain characteristic feature. They are seen to move as well as make sounds, thus creating a huge impact on viewers. Reality music and dance shows, cricket matches which are sponsored by business organizations are examples of television being used to attract public attention to a particular product.
Therefore, you can now see that the broadcast media offers possibilities for movement and sound, making it possible to present creative and attractive images.
Have you seen images on the internet? They offer scope for including movement and sound, making it a very appealing tool for communication. Promotional offers of cheap air tickets by airline companies provide examples of the internet being used a PR tool for communication.
5. How is the print media used to communicate to the public. List the differences between newspaper and magazine advertising.
Ans. A press release is the most important form of written communication used by a public relations professional to announce something to the media. It is mailed, faxed or e-mailed to the media.
How is a press release developed?
The text of the press release is written in the form of a story with an attractive heading so that the media quickly grasps and circulates the message through newspapers/radio/television/ internet.
6. How are exhibitions and celebrity endorsements used to attract the attention of the public?
Ans. Celebrity endorsement is a PR tool which persuades audience to buy products such as soft drinks, soaps, eatables, clothes, toothpaste, beverages etc. by creating awareness/interest in them through engaing celebrities or popular people.
Very Short Type Questions Answer
1. What are basic goal of public relations?
Ans. To attract public attention, win belief, achieve understanding and earn goodwill.
2. Is oral communication a two way communication?
Ans. Yes.
3. What is relationship between speech and oral communication?
Ans. A speech is a primary form of oral communication.
4. What are other names of brochures?
Ans. Leaflets, folders or pamphlets.
5. What is a newsletter?
Ans. It is a printed publication produced at regular intervals.
6. What is a press release?
Ans. A press release is the most important form of written communication used by a public relations professional to announce something to the media. It is mailed, faxed or e-mailed to the media.
7. Name three forms of outdoor media.
Ans. Hoarding, poster media and hot air balloons.
8. What is a website?
Ans. A website is a collection of web pages and images which is accessible to the public through the internet.
9. Which is the most commonly used form of media for public relations?
Ans. The internet web is the most commonly used form of media for public relations.
10. What impact has exhibitions on people?
Ans. It leaves a lasting impression on the minds of the people.
Short Type Questions Answer
1. How is speech a type of oral communication?
Ans. A good speech helps in effectively communicating to the public. If the speech is delivered before a live audience, it provides an environment for a two-way communication.
2. What are the uses of brochures?
Ans. A brochure produced by a university provides information about its campus, courses offered, fee structure, hostel facilities and so on for students who are seeking admission to its colleges.
Similarly, travel agent brings out brochures which give information on tour packages organized by them for tourists.
3. How are outdoor media used as PR tools?
Ans. Many huge boards displaying messages on a particular brand of mobile phone can be seen dazzling in the night sky. This is what is called a hoarding and these days you find that many of the hoardings are electronically operated (electronic hoarding) to make them attractive and catch the attention of the viewers. This is an example of an outdoor medium which is a popular tool used in public relations.
Likewise, you must have read messages on milk and milk products written on bus panels and on huge boards at bus terminals, airports and railway stations where a lot of people come together. These forms of communication are commonly referred to as poster media.
Here, you will notice that the emphasis is on the visual messages or what is visible to the audience. The poster message carries a strong illustration with a meaningful headline. This form of communication is used to remind the audience about a certain product or idea.
Another form of outdoor medium are huge balloons suspended in the air with a message written on them. These are hot air balloons which can easily capture the attention of the public and thus help in public relations.
Long Type Questions Answer
1. How other forms of media help in PR?
Ans. The internet web is the most commonly used form of media for public relations.
Consider a situation when you have to travel to a particular city by train. The easiest way to obtain information on trains going to that city has been made possible by the Indian Railways through its website. You can even book tickets through this website. Compare this with a situation in which you have to go all the way to the railway booking counter for the same purpose. This is an example or a PR exercise by the railways for the benefit of the public.
From the above example, you can see that the internet web has enabled quick access to information and services. The internet is thus rapidly changing the way in which organisations provide services to their public.
The information in a website is presented in an easy and understandable format. Web pages are designed with catchy illustrations to make them attractive and thereby grab the attention of the public. Celebrity endorsement is a PR tool which persuades audience to buy products such as soft drinks, soaps, eatables, clothes, toothpaste, beverages etc. by creating awareness/interest in them through celebrities or popular people.
- Exhibition is another PR tool to enhance public relations activity.
- The exhibits or items displayed leave a lasting impression on the minds of the people.
- It involves participation of people on a large scale.
- Products can be exhibited and demonstrated in a relaxed atmosphere.
- Exhibitions provide scope for generating business.
However, you must understand that exhibition is an expensive tool and requires a lot of planning.
