NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 24 Consumers Awareness

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NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 24 Consumers Awareness

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Also, you can read the NIOS book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of NIOS All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NIOS Class 10 Economics Chapter 24 Consumers Awareness, NIOS Secondary Course Economics Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Consumers Awareness

Chapter: 24

MODULE 8: CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC ISSUES

TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS (SOLVED)

INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.1

Q.1. Who is not a consumer?

Ans. A person is not a consumer if he/she purchases goods and services for resale purpose. 

Q.2. Why must the consumers take the bill on purchase of a product? 

Ans. The consumer must take the bill on purchase of a product, because the bill is required to be produced before the court if consumer finds the product to be faulty for which he wants to file a complaint also ensures that tax on the product has been paid to the government.

Q.3. What is VAT?

Ans. Value Added Tax.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.2

Q.1. Give full forms of CPA, ECA and SWMA.

Ans. 

Q.2. How can a foreign agency sell its product in India?

Ans. By opening an office in India.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.3

Q.1. Name the government councils which deal with consumer grievances at national and state levels.

Ans. (i) Central Consumer Protection Council (CCPC) at the National level. 

(ii) State Consumer Protection Council at the State level.

Q.2. Name the consumer courts at national level and state and district levels.

Ans. (i) National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission at the national level. 

(ii) State Consumer Disposal Redressal commission at the state level. 

(iii) District Consumer Forum at the district level.

Q.3. When a complaint can be filed in the consumer court?

Ans. A complaint can be filed within 2 years from the date of purchase of the commodity.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.4

Q.1. Mention the appropriate consumer right to file a complaint with regards to the following:

(i) A person falling sick after consuming a packaged food item.

Ans. Right to Safety.

(ii) A seller forcing a buyer to purchase a certain brand of goods and not showing other varieties of goods.

Ans. Right to Choose.

(iii) Samir wants to buy a computer and wants to know the exact configuration from the seller.

Ans. Right to Information.

(iv) Rekha was cheated by a seller and wants to file a complaint.

Ans. Right to be Heard.

(v) Reshma has gone to a district consumer forum against the local hospital to seek compensation for wrong diagnosis for which she had to spend ₹ 2 lakh unnecessarily.

Ans. Right to Seek Redressal.

(vi) You have requested the concerned department of Delhi Government to give you booklet on Consumer Protection Act.

Ans. Right to Consumer Education.

INTEXT QUESTIONS 24.5

Q.1. What would you do as a responsible person in the following cases.

(a)To purchase an electric iron from among several brands available.

(b) You are purchasing bread and fruit jam.

(c) The seller gives you the items in polythene packet.

Ans. 

Q.2. Give two reasons of delay in delivery of justice with respect to consumer grievances.

Ans. Following are two reasons of delay in delivery of justice with respect to consumer grievances :

(i) Repeated adjournments.

(ii) Delay in appointment of judges by these government.

TERMINAL EXERCISE

Q.1. Why there is a need for consumer awareness?

Ans. There is a need for consumer awareness due to following reasons:

(i) Market flooded with large numbers as well as varieties of goods: Today the market is flooded with very large number of varieties of goods and services. The number of products and sellers of the commodities have also increased many folds. So it is very difficult to know as to who is genuine producer or seller.

(ii) Increase in physical distance between the producers and sellers: On account of advanced information technology, the physical distance between the consumers and producers/sellers have increased.

(iii) Purchasing goods without bills: It also happens that many times that consumers buy goods and services without bill which is essential for filing a complaint and proof that VAT has been paid to the government.

(iv) Consumers are not united: Producers have become strong because they are united. But the consumers are still weak and unorganised. As a result the buyers are dependent and deceived quite often.

(v) Instructions and expiry date: The consumers do not notice the instructions written on the product such as expiry date and method of using the product.

Q.2. What should you do as an aggrieved consumer to file a complaint?

Ans. an aggrieved consumer, I will take the following steps for filing a complaint: 

(i) I will select the proper category under which I am filing the complaint.

(ii) I shall explain the nature of complaint in simple words.

(iii) I shall mention the fault and the remedy desired by me.

(iv) I shall attach the necessary including bill.

(v) I shall make three copies of entire set.

Q.3. Describe the consumer redressal system in India.

Ans. Consumer Redressal System in India: There is three-tier judicial machinery to deal with consumer grievances and disputes:

(a) District Forum which deals with all complaints where the value of goods or services and compensations claimed does not exceed ₹ 20 lacs.

(b) State Commission which deals with cases where the value or claim for compensation exceeds ₹ 20 lacs but does not exceed ₹ one crore.

(c) National commission which takes up all the cases exceeding the value of ₹ one crore.

According to Consumer Protection Act, the relief should be given within 90 days and if a consumer is not satisfied by the decision of the District Forum he/she can challenge the same before the State Commission. It still not satisfied with the order of the State Commission, the consumer can go to National Commission. It should be pointed out here that a complaint should be filed within 2 years of the defect occurs.

Q.4. Give the provisions of Consumer Protection Act.

Ans. Provision of Consumer Protection Act: Following are the provisions of Consumer Protection Act:

(i) Consumers are allowed to decide where they want to seek redressal.

(ii) A company cannot insist on being liable to be tried only in a court of justice.

(iii) Consumers are allowed to service providers of a company for passing on their personal information to sales persons e.g. banks, insurance company etc.

(iv) Real estate developers are classified as traders and liable to be tried in a consumer court.

(v) Overseas agencies operating through e-commerce sites on the internet or telemarketing are not allowed to sell their products unless they maintain office in India. They have to organise the inspection of goods prior to purchase or refund goods within 30 days.

(vi) Official and stakeholders like state government departments of Post and Telecom, pass-port offices, Municipal services, Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS) and Railways are demanding exemption from the Act fearing they will be facing a passage of litigation.

Q.5. Discuss in brief the rights of consumers in India.

Ans. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986 provides six rights of consumers. The Consumer Protection Councils set up under the Act are intended to promote and protect the various rights of consumers.

(i) Right to Safety: The consumer has a right to be protected against goods and services which are manufactured with substandard products or do not conform to the safety norms might cause serious injury. Thus, consumers are educated that they should use electrical appliances which are ISI marked as this would be an assurance of such products meeting quality specifications.

(ii) Right To be Informed (RTI): The consumer has a right to have complete information about the product he intends to buy including its ingredients, date of manufacture, price, quantity, direction for use, etc. It is because of this reason that the legal framework in India requires the manufacturers to provide such information on the package and label of the product.

(iii) Right to Choose: The consumer has the freedom to choose from a variety of products at competitive price. This implies that the marketers should offer a wide variety of products in terms of quality, brand, price, size, etc. and allow the consumer to make a choice from amongst these.

(iv) Right to Seek Redressal: The consumer has a right to get relief in case the product or service fall short of his expectations. The Consumer Protection Act provides a number of reliefs to the consumers including replacement of the product, removal of defect in the product, compensation paid for any loss or injury suffered by the consumer.

(v) Right to be Heard: The consumer has a right to file a complaint and to be heard in case of dissatisfaction with a good or a service. It is because of this reason that many enlightened business firms have set up their own consumer service and grievance cells.

(vi) Right to Consumer Education: The consumer has a right to acquire knowledge and to be well-informed throughout his life. They should be aware about his rights and the reliefs available to him in case of a product or service falling short of his expectations.

Q.6. What you must do as a responsible consumer?

Ans. Duties/Responsibilities of a Consumer: I must do following things as a responsible consumer:

(i) Demanding Bill of Purchase: I will demand bill after the purchase of goods and services. The bill is the proof of purchase and can be used to reach justice if I feel cheated after buying the commodity. Through the bill, I will ensure that the government receives the tax on the product.

(ii) Buying Standard Goods: I will buy only standard goods as they provide quality assurance. I will look for ISI mark on electrical goods, FPO mark on food products and Hall Mark on jewellery etc.

(iii) Not to be misled by advertise- ments: Advertisements have become a part of our life and even if we try we cannot avoid them companies try their most to mislead the customers by publishing only that part which may eye-catching. I will be careful about this. 

(iv) Being a Green Consumer: It will consume only those products which do not cause damage to our environment.

(v) Exercising My Rights: I as a consumer will exercise my rights.

Q.7. Explain two major challenges facing consumer movement in India.

Ans. Two Major Challenges faced by Consumer Movement in India: Consumer movement in India is facing many major challenges. 

Two of them have been explained below:

(i) Consumer Awareness in Rural India: The rural consumers in India are generally ignorant and illiterate so they are exploited by the manufacturers, traders and service-providers. Rural consumers face the problem like fake brands, spurious liquors, lack warranties and guarantees, imitation, unreasonable prices, lack of varieties and so on. There is a need for spreading consumer awareness in the rural areas more seriously.

(ii) Delay in the Delivery of Justice: The other challenge faced by the consumer movement in India is delay in the delivery of justice. We know that justice delayed is denied. Unlike the civil courts, the consumer courts are quasi-judicial bodies that need to follow a simple, summary procedure for quick disposal of complaints. However repeated adjournments delays on the part of the state government to fill up the posts of judges and unnecessary technicalities slow down the process of justice for the consumers. Delays often take away the essence of the law.

SOME IMPORTANT QUESTIONS FOR EXAMINATIONS

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.1. Out of FPO, AGMARK and ISI, which is the quality certification mark used in electrical goods?

Ans. ISI is the quality certification mark used in electrical goods.

Q.2. Out of FPO, AGMARK and Hall- Mark, which is the quality certification mark used in case of agricultural products?

Ans. AGMARK.

Q.3. Out of Hall-Mark, AGMARK and ISI, which the standard mark is printed on jewellery?

Ans. Hall Mark.

Q.4. A complaint can be made to District Forum, when the value of the goods or services in question along with the compensation claimed _________.

(a) Exceeds ₹ 20 lakhs.

(b) Does not exceed ₹ 20 lakh.

(c) Exceeds ₹ one crore.

(d) Exceeds ₹ 20 lakh but does not exceed Fone crore.

Ans. (b) Does not exceed Rs. 20 lakh.

Q.5. Out of right to choose and right to be heard, which right allows the consumer to file a complaint and to be heard in case of dissatisfaction with goods and services?

Ans. Under right to be heard.

Q.6. Bajaj Auto Ltd. purchased a machinery for Rs. 5 crore from A Ltd. and found it defective. Despite many complaints, the defect was not rectified. Suggest Bajaj Priya Ltd. the appropriate forum to file their complaint in the three- tier machinery under the Consumer Protection Act.

Ans. National Commission.

Q.7. Rishi Arora purchased a house for ₹ 50 lac and found it different from what was agreed. He wants his money back. Suggest him the appropriate authority to file his complaint in the three-tier machinery under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Ans. State Commission.

Q.8. Which mark is issued under the Bureau of Indian Standards Act, 1986?

Ans. ISI Mark.

Q.9. For the value above ₹ 1 crore, the consumer should approach whom for grant of relief?

Ans. National Commission.

Q.10. Name the apex institution under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Ans. National Consumer Commission. 

Q.11. What does consumer protection mean?

Ans. Consumer protection means protecting and promoting consumer’s interests through speedy and inexpensive redressal of their grievances.

Q.12. Within what period a complaint must be filed? 

Ans. The complaint must be filed within 2 years from the day of course of action.

Q.13. Mohit filed a case against “Domestic Coolings Ltd.” in the “District Forum”, but was not satisfied with the orders of the “District Forum”. Where can he appeal further against the decisions of “District Forum”?

Ans. Mohit can appeal to State Commission against the decision of District Forum.

Q.14. Rita wants to purchase a food packet of Pond products. As an aware customer how can she be sure about the quality of food products she plans to buy?

Ans. She can be sure about the quality of food products by seeing FPO mark.

Q.15. Anita filed a case against “Maharani Ltd.” in the National Commission. But she was not satisfied with the orders of “National Commission”. Name the authority while she can appeal against the decisions of the “National Commission”.

Ans. She can appeal against the decisions of the “National Commission” to the Supreme Court of India.

Q.16. Harish purchased a medicine from “Sethi Medical Stores” for his son who had high fever. Even after giving the medicines, his son’s condition did not improve and he had to be hospitalised. Doctor informed Harish that the medicine given to his son was spurious. Harish complained about this to “Sethi Medical Stores”. As a result, “Sethi Medical Stores” decided to file a complaint against the manufacturer in the Consumer Court. Can “Sethi Medical Stores” do this? Give reason in support of your answer.

Ans. No, “Sethi Medical Stores” cannot file a case against the manufacturer in the consumer court as it is not a consumer.

Q.17. Why have the manufacturers to provide the following information on the package and label of the product:

(i) Manufacturing Date.

(ii) Price.

(iii) Quantity.

(iv) Expiry date.

Ans. Because the consumer has the right to be informed.

Q.18. While buying a product, why should the consumer read labels carefully?

Ans. The consumer should read labels carefully to have information about price, net weight, manufacturing and expiry date.

Q.19. Prabhakar purchased an ISI mark electric iron from “Bharat Electricals.” While using he found that it was not working properly. He approached the seller and complained for the same. The seller satisfies Prabhakar by saying that he will ask the manufacturer to replace this iron. The manufacturer refused to replace and Bharat Electrical decided to file a complaint in the consumer court. 

Can “Bharat Electricals” do this? Give answer in support of your answer.

Ans. No, as “Bharat Electricals” is not a consumer.

Q.20. Renu purchased some household goods from “Rama Stores”. After reaching home, he found a face- cream which he has not billed for. After checking the date of expiry and other details, she started using it, this face burnt due to the use of cream. Where should Renu file a complaint?

Ans. Ram cannot file a complaint in any consumer court as she does not have a proof of purchase i.e. cash-memo.

Q.21. Krishan, who was a vegetarian, went to a snack bar for having French Fries. Later on he found out that it had non-vegetarian. Content neither the advertisement, nor the packing of the product displayed that the product has non-vegetarian content. Will Krishan be able to claim compensation? Which right of the consumer is violated?

Ans. Yes, Krishan will be able to claim compensation. Here “Right to Information” has been violated.

Q.22. Which consumer right suggests that a consumer should be made aware of his rights and remedies available?

Ans. Right to Education.

Q.23. Which consumer right suggests that consumers have access to a variety of products services at competitive prices?

Ans. Right to Choose.

Q.24. Ramesh went to a shopkeeper to buy soap. The shopkeeper forced him to buy a particular brand of soap out of various brands irrespective of willingness of Ramesh. Which right of Ramesh as a consumer has been exploited?

Ans. Right to Choose.

Q.25. What can serve as the proof of purchase made for filing a complaint against defective product?

Ans. Cash Memo.

Q.26. I saw an advertisement in the newspaper regarding a domestic iron and ordered for the purchase of same to the shopkeeper. What will be my responsibilities as a customer so that I should not be exploited by the shopkeeper? State any two such responsibilities.

Ans. (i) I must ask for a cash memo i.e., proof of purchase.

(ii) I must see ISI mark.

Q.27. A consumer is not satisfied with the decision of District Forum. What should he do?

Ans. If a consumer is not satisfied with the decision of District Forum, then he can challenge the same before the State Commission.

Q.28. Who can go to Consumer Court in case a complainant has died?

Ans. In case a complainant has died his legal heirs can go to the court.

Q.29. What action is taken by the court against the complainant if it thinks that the complainant has filed a frivolous complaint?

Ans. The court can fine the complainant upto ₹ 10,000 if it thinks that the complainant has filed a frivolous complaint.

Q.30. There are many grounds to file a complaint under the Consumer Protection Control. Write down any one ground.

Ans. Deficiency in services.

Q.31. One of the grounds of filing complaint under the Consumer Protection Act is deficiency in services. What does deficiency stand for?

Ans. Deficiency stands defective, incomplete, insufficient etc.

Q.32. Which informations are provided by the sellers/producers to the consumers under consumer’s right to information?

Ans. Under consumer’s right to information sellers and producers should provide following information about the product or services:

(i) Price.

(ii) Weight.

(iii) Company Brand.

(iv) Manufacturing and Expiry Date.

(v) Quality.

(vi) Identification Marks etc.

Q.33. Which consumer’s right ensures that consumer’s interest will be given due consideration in the appropriate forum?

Ans. Right to be heard.

Q.34. Out of consumers and traders, who are stronger?

Ans. Traders are strongest.

Q.35. How many levels of Consumer Courts are there in India? 

Ans. In India, there are three levels of Consumer Courts in India.

Q.36. How many village “Pani Samitis Gujarat” has?

Ans. Gujarat has more than 13000 village “Pani Samitis”.

Q.37. Through whom the village “Pani Samitis” are formed in Gram Sabhas?

Ans. The village “Pani Samitis” are formed in Gram Sabhas through consumers.

Q.38. State one function of village “Pani Samiti”.

Ans. Village “Pani Samitis” test the quality of water and provide quality assurance upto the consumers’ level.

Q.39. State the purposes for which consumers can write together?

Asn. Consumers can write together to provide themselves and community at large of a locality or village some basic needs such as drinking water supply, health, education etc.

Q.40. For what are the government departments often blamed?

Ans. The government departments are often blamed for inefficient and erratic delivery of basic needs such as drinking water supply, health, education etc.

Q.41. There are many advantages of making people as managers. State any two advantages.

Ans. (i) It results in reducing the cost of delivery of water.

(ii) It leads to timely and efficient delivery of water.

Q.42. The rural consumers have to face many problems. Write any four such problems.

Ans. Problems: (i) Fake brand.

(ii) Spurious products.

(iii) Lack and guaranties. and 

(iv) Unreasonable pricing.

Q.43. Give one demerit of delayed justice. 

Ans. Justice delayed is justice denied.

Q.44. Give the nature of Consumer Courts.

Ans. Consumer Courts are quasi-judicial bodies.

Q.45. Why do the consumer courts need to follow a simple and summary procedure for quick disposal of complaints?

Ans. The consumer courts need to follow a simple and summary procedure for quick disposal of complaints as they are quasi- judicial bodies.

Q.46. What do delay often take away?

Ans. Delay often take away the essence of the law.

Q.47. The government amended Consumer Protection Act in 2003 to eliminate delay in the delivery of justice. What is this amendment?

Ans. According to the amendment in Consumer Protection Act, consumer courts are not give to adjournment at all, in exceptional circumstances. When it is given, the court has to record the reasons for it in writing and justify it.

Q.48. Bringing consumer awareness is a big task in India. Give reason. 

Ans. Bringing consumer awareness is a big task in India. Because India is highly populated, culturally diverse and has vast number of illiterates.

Q.49. What are two major concerns of consumer movement in India? 

Ans. (i) Bring consumer awareness in Rural India.

(ii) Timely delivery of Justice.

Q.50. State the reasons of the expansion of rural markets. 

Ans. Following are the reasons of the expansion of rural mark ets:

(i) Globalisation and liberalisation. 

(ii) Increase in middle income and high income population in villages.

Q.51. Companies are reaching with their products to our rural markets these days. Why?

Ans. Because our rural markets are expanding.

Q.52. Why do the manufacturers, traders and service providers succeed in exploiting the rural consumers?

Ans. The manufacturers, traders and service providers succeed in exploiting the rural consumers as the rural consumers in India are generally ignorant and illiterate.

Q.53. Consumers have many responsibilities. Write any two of them.

Ans. (i) Not to be misled by advertising. 

(ii) Demanding bill for the purchase.

Q.54. What should the consumers do for the quality assurance? 

Ans. For the quality assurance, the consumers should buy quality certified products.

Q.55. What is the meaning of “Being a Consumer”?

Ans. “Being a Green Consumer” means that the consumer must consume those products which do not cause damage to our environment.

Q.56. What biodegradable production?

Ans. Biodegradable products are those products which can easily mix with soil and water after they are disposed off.

Q.57. Who heads Central Consumer Protection Council (CCPC) at the National level?

Ans. Central Minister in-charge of the Consumer Affairs in the Central Government at New Delhi heads the Central Consumer Protection Council (CCPC) at the national level.

Q.58. Who heads the State Consumer Protection Council at the state level?

Ans. The State Consumer Protection Council at the state level is headed by a state minister incharge of the Consumer Affairs in the State Government.

Q.59. How many levels does the Consumer Court have in India? 

Ans. Consumer Court in India has three levels.

Q.60. Name the products which bear the following quality certificate mark:

Ans. (i) Food Products. 

(ii) Electrical Goods. 

(iii) Agricultural Products.

Q.61. Name the Consumer Court where the consumer has to file a complaint. Give reason.

Ans. The consumer has to file a complaint in the district forum as the amount claimed is less than ₹ 20 lakh.

SHORT TYPE QUESTIONS ANSWER 

Q.1. Who is a consumer?

Ans. According to Consumer Protection Act, 1986, a consumer is the buyer of the goods and services.

Or

A consumer is the user of goods and services with the permission of the buyer.

Or

A consumer is any one who uses goods bought or services hired exclusively for earning livelihood by self-employment.

Q.2. Under what circumstances, a consumer can file a complaint? 

Ans. A consumer can file a complaint under following circumstances:

(i) Defective goods.

(ii) Deficiency of services in connection with banking, financing. insurance, transport, supply of electricity and gas etc.

(iii) Fraudulent practices of traders and manufacturers.

Q.3. Under the Consumer Protection Act 1986, who can file a complaint? 

Ans. According to Consumer Protection Act, 1986 the complaint can be filed in the appropriate Consumer Court by 

(i) Any consumer.

(ii) Any registered consumer’s association.

(iii) The central government or any state government.

(iv) One or more consumers on behalf of numerous consumer having same interest. 

(v) A legal heir or representative of a deceased consumer.

Q.4. Name the rights granted to the consumers under Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Ans. Following rights have been granted to the consumers under Consumer Protection Act 1986:

(i) Right to Education.

(ii) Right to Choose.

(iii) Right to Safety.

(iv) Right to seek Redressal.

(v) Right to be heard.

(vi) Right to Consumer Protection.

Q.5. What does the consumer right to information say about the responsibility of the sellers and purchase?

Ans. According to consumer right to information it is the responsibility of the sellers and producers to provide enough and appropriate information regarding

(i) The price of “The Product”.

(ii) The weight.

(iii) Company Brand.

(iv) Manufacturing and expiry dates.

(v) Quality identification marks.

(vi) Ingredients.

(vii) Contact link of the manufacturers.

Q.6. Combination of what refers to consumer awareness?

Ans. Consumer awareness refers to the combination of following: 

(i) The knowledge of the product purchased by the consumer in terms of its quality.

(ii) The education about the various types of hazards and problems associated with marketing of a product.

(iii) The knowledge about the consumer’s rights.

(iv) The knowledge about consumer’s own responsibilities.

Q.8. Name officials and stake holders who are demanding exemption from the Consumer Protection Act 1986.

Ans. Following official and stakeholders are demand exemption from the Consumer Protection Act, 1986:

(i) State Government Department of Post and Telecom. 

(ii) Passport Offices.

(iii) Municipal Services.

(iv) Central Government Health Scheme (CGHS). and

(v) Railways.

Q.9. Write down the features of Consumer Protection Act, 1986.

Ans. Features: (i) Consumer Act applies to all goods and services unless specifically exempted by the union government.

(ii) It covers all the sectors-private, public or cooperative.

(iii) It grants rights to consumers to such as right to information, right to safety etc. 

(iv) It provides for simple, speedy and inexpensive redressal machinery.

(v) It checks unfair practices of traders, suppliers etc.

(vi) It provides for the formation of consumer protection cannot in every state. 

(vii) It provides for a three-tier consumer grievance redressal machinery with the District Forum at the base level, the State Commission at the middle level and the National Commission at the highest level.

Q.10. What do you understand by Consumer Protection Councils?

Or

What are the objective of Consumer councils?

Ans. Consumer Protection Act, 1986 provides for setting up Consumer Protection Councils in order to protect and promote the consumer rights and to forward suggestions to the governments. 

According to provision of this Act the following councils for consumer protection are established: 

(i) At central level: The Central Consumer Protection Council. 

(ii) At state level: State Consumer Protection Council.