NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 25 Graphical Representation of Data

NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 25 Graphical Representation of Data Solutions to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 25 Graphical Representation of Data and select need one. NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 25 Graphical Representation of Data Question Answers Download PDF. NCERT Geography Class 12 Solutions.

NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 25 Graphical Representation of Data

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Also, you can read the NCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) Book guidelines. CBSE Class 12 Geography Solutions are part of All Subject Solutions. Here we have given NCERT Class 12 Geography: Fundamentals of Human Geography, Geography: India People and Economy, Geography: Practical Work in Geography. NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 25 Graphical Representation of Data Notes, NCERT Class 12 Geography Textbook Solutions for All Chapters, You can practice these here.

Graphical Representation of Data

Chapter: 25

PART – III PRACTICAL WORK IN GEOGRAPHY

Very Short Type Questions Answer

1. What is a distribution map?

Ans: A form of thematic maps that are used to represent the distribution of particular geographic elements within a given region.

2. What are the two main types of distribution maps?

Ans: Dot maps, choropleth maps and isopleth maps.

3. Name important methods of drawing distribution maps.

Ans: The three methods to draw distributional maps are Dot Method, Choropleth Method and Isopleth method.

4. Define an isopleth.

Ans: A broad term for any line on a weather map connecting points with equal values of a particular atmospheric variable (temperature, dew point, etc.). Isotherms, isotachs, etc. are all examples of isopleths.

5. Give four examples of isopleth.

Ans: (i) Constant Pressure Surface. Most analysis and model images are shown using a pressure surface.

(ii) Isobar. A line of constant pressure. 

(iii) Isodop. Contour of constant doppler velocity values.

(iv) Isohypse (aka height contour).

6. What do you understand by interpolation?

Ans: Interpolation means determining a value from the existing values in a given data set. Another way of describing it is the act of inserting or interjecting an intermediate value between two other values.

7. What is meant by the choropleth method?

Ans: A choropleth map is a thematic map that visualises geographical areas or regions clearly divided with colours, shades or patterns in relation to a given variable. This variable summarises geographic features within each area, such as population density, forestation, or per-capita income.

8. Which points will you consider while selecting the value of the dot?

Ans: Clearly define the purpose and objective of the project or initiative. Understand the role the dot will play in achieving the desired outcome. Determine the specific function or action the dot represents.

9. What are statistical diagrams?

Ans: Statistical diagrams covers: data collection; extracting data from tables, mileage charts and timetables; data presentation using stem and leaf diagrams, line graphs, tally charts, pie charts and frequency tables; the statistical measures of mean, mode, median.

10. What are different types of diagrams?

Ans: Simple Component Bar Chart. Percentage Component Bar Chart. Subdivided Rectangular Bar Chart. Pie Chart.

11. What are flow diagrams?

Ans: A flow map is a type of thematic map that uses linear symbols to represent movement. It may thus be considered a hybrid of a map and a flow diagram.

12. What are two important features of a flow diagram?

Ans: A flowchart is a type of diagram that represents a workflow or process. A flowchart can also be defined as a diagrammatic representation of an algorithm, a step-by-step approach to solving a task. A simple flowchart representing a process for dealing with a non-functioning lamp.

13. Which element of climate is shown by isobars?

Ans: Isobars are lines that connect equal points of atmospheric pressure. 

14. Which element of climate is shown by isotherms?

Ans: Isotherms run along the latitudes, but they are not parallel to the latitudes.

15. Which element of climate is shown by Ishita?

Ans: Temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind, humidity, precipitation, and cloudiness. 

16. What are other names of Pie-diagrams?

Ans: Pie diagram is another graphical method of the representation of data.

17. What are the merits of a bar diagram?

Ans: A bar diagram makes it easy to compare sets of data between different groups at a glance. 

18. For what purpose is the multiple diagram used?

Ans: When there are two or more sets of data that need to be represented and compared on the same graph, a multiple bar diagram is used.

Short Type Questions Answer

1. What precautions will you take while drawing statistical diagrams?

Ans: (i) Check the data points plotted can be detected, and are not covered up or obscured.

(ii) Don’t assume the viewer is a mind-reader label titles and axes clearly and accurately.

(iii) Maintain constant measurement scales and avoid distortions.

2. Give advantages and disadvantages of the dot method.

Ans: The advantages of dot method are as follows: 

(i) Clustering may make it impossible to plot and interpret.

(ii) Large numbers of dots are difficult to count and calculate actual figures.

(iii) Areas with no dots may give a false sense of emptiness.

(iv) The size of the dot has to be carefully selected to show the distribution at it’s most clear.

The disadvantages of dot method are as follows:

(i) It is time-consuming, especially when marking dots on maps.

(ii) When the scale is small many dots are drawn which causes overcrowding and present difficulties in counting them to get the actual value.

3. What are the merits and demerits of Isopleth map?

Ans: (a) Isopleths normally show natural elements whereas data are often available according to administrative units.

(b) Many isopleths are drawn by interpolation which sometimes lead to inaccuracy in the directions of isopleths and the pattern of distribution shown by those lines is distorted.

4. What are the main rules for constructing bar diagrams?

Ans: (i) All the bars should have a common base.

(ii) Each column in the bar graph should have equal width.

(iii) The height of the bar should correspond to the data value.

(iv) The distance between each bar should be the same.

5. Give merits and demerits of flow diagram.

Ans: Advantages of Flowcharts:

(i) Clarity in Process Visualization.

(ii) Effective Communication Tool.

Disadvantages of Flowcharts:

(i) Time-Consuming to Create & Update.

(ii) Can Become Overly Complex. 

6. What precautions are necessary before constructing a flow diagram?

Ans: (i) Step #1: Know the purpose of your flowchart.

(ii) Step #2: Start with a template.

(iii) Step #3: Add shapes and symbols.

(iv) Step #4: Connect your shapes with lines and arrows.

(v) Step #5: Split paths or add decisions.

(vi) Step #6: Customise your flowchart’s appearance.

7. For what type of maps is the choropleth method best suited?

Ans: Choropleth maps are better suited to intensive variables than extensive; if a map user sees the United Kingdom filled with a colour for “100-200 people per square km”, estimating that Wales and England may each have 100-200 people per square km may not be accurate, but it is possible and a reasonable estimate.

Long Type Questions Answer

1. Show the following data by a wheel diagram.:

Ans: Students, do yourself.

2. Show the following data with the help of a suitable diagram:

Mean monthly temperature of Mumbai in degrees Celsius.

Ans:

3. Prepare a bar graph to show the following:

Ans: Students, do yourself.

4. Rainfall figures of a place ‘X’ are given in the following table:

Ans: 

5. The following table gives the population of union territories of India according to the 2001 census. Show these figures by a suitable diagram.

Ans: Students, do yourself.

6. Show the following data by comparative bar diagram: 

Ans: Students, do yourself.

7. Draw bar diagram of the following data:

Ans: Students, do yourself.

8. Draw a Pie diagram to show the following data:

Ans: Students, do yourself.

9. Show the following data by a suitable diagram: 

Ans: Students, do yourself.

Other Textual Questions & Answers

1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below:

(i) Which one of the following maps shows the population?

(a) Choropleth maps.

(b) Isopleth maps.

(c) Dot maps.

(d) Square root maps.

Ans: (c) Dot maps.

(ii) Which one of the following is best suited to represent the decadal growth of population?

(a) Line graph.

(b) Bar diagram. 

(c) Circle diagram. 

(d) Flow diagram.

Ans: (a) Line graph.

(iii) Polygraph is constructed to represent:

(a) Only one variable.

(b) Two variables only.

(c) More than two variables.

(d) None of the above.

Ans: (c) More than two variables.

(iv) Which one of the following maps is known as dynamic map?

(a) Dot map.

(b) Choropleth.

(c) Isopleth.

(d) Flow map.

Ans: (d) Flow map.

2. Give one word answer:

1. What are the merits of pie diagram?

Ans: It is very simple to construct and can easily be read. It covers less space as compared to other diagrams.

2. What are statistical diagrams?

Ans: The diagrams which represent statistical data are known as statistical diagrams.

3. Give other names of pie diagrams.

Ans: The other names of pie diagram are wheel diagram, Coin diagram and Divided circle diagram.

4. What is advantage of combined line and bar graphs?

Ans: A combined line and bar graph can show two elements such as temperature and rainfall simultaneously.

5. What is a compound or sub-divided bar?

Ans: It is special type of bar which is subdivided into a number of divisions and shows the total value as well as the values of the compound of the total value.

6. What is a line graph?

Ans: This is simple graph in which the statistical data are shown with the help of a line.

7. What are the different types of diagrams?

Ans: There are several types of diagrams:

(a) Line graph.

(b) Bar diagram.

(c) Combined Line and bar graph.

(d) Pie or wheel diagram.

(e) Flow diagram.

(f) Star diagram.

8. Define an isopleth.

Ans: An isopleth is a line joining places of equal value.

9. What are two main types of distribution maps?

Ans: (i) Qualitative distribution maps.

(ii) Quantitative distribution maps.

10. Name the common example of star diagram.

Ans: Wind rose is the common example of a star diagram.

11. What is the greatest handicap in drawing flow diagrams?

Ans: The greatest handicap in drawing flow diagrams is the non-availability of the concerned data.

2. Answer the following questions in about 30 words:

(i) What is a thematic map?

Ans: Thematic maps are the maps which are drawn to understand the patterns of the regional distributions or the characteristics of variations over space.

(ii) Differentiate between multiple bar diagram and compound bar diagram.

Ans: Bar diagram: The bar diagrams are drawn through columns of equal width. It is also called a column diagram.

Compound bar diagram: When different components are grouped in one set of variable or different variables of one component are put together, their representation is made by a compound bar diagram. In this method different variables are shown in the single bar with different rectangles.

(iii) What are the requirements to construct a dot map?

Ans: Requirements:

1. An administrative map of the given area showing state/district/block boundaries.

2. Statistical data on selected theme for the choosen administrative units i.e., total population growth, etc.

3. Selection of a scale to determine the value of a dot.

4. Physiographic map of region especially relief and drainage maps.

(iv) Describe the method of constructing a traffic flow map.

Ans: A traffic flow map can be drawn on some basis. The following requirements are necessary:

1. A route map depicting the desired transport routes along with the connecting stations.

2. The data pertaining to the flow of goods, number of the vehicles etc., along with the point of origin and destination of the movements.

3. The selection of a scale through which the data related to the quantity of passengers and goods or the number of vehicles is to be represented.