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Class 9 Elective Retail Chapter 1 Introduction to Retailing
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board Class 9 Elective Retail Chapter 1 Introduction to Retailing Solutions for All Subject, You can practice these here.
Introduction to Retailing
Chapter – 1
| SESSION 1: BASIC OF RETAILING |
A. Fill in the Blanks:
1. The function of retailing is to sell products and services to the final ___________by an individual or a firm.
Ans: consumers.
2. The __________ product being sold. has to be well informed about the product being sold.
Ans: Retailing.
3. The main aim of the retailer is to provide products required by the consumer conveniently, this creates a place ___________.
Ans: customer.
4. This information in the form of _________ greatly contributes to product improvement by the producers.
Ans: Wholesaler.
5. Selling of goods to consumers in small quantities as per their need at _________prices.
Ans Responsible.
6. Wholesalers act as a link between _________ and the retailer.
Ans: The manufacturer.
B. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. The purpose of retail business is to __________
(a) go for partnership.
(b) make maximum promotion.
(c) extend to other localities.
(d) selling goods to customers.
Ans: make maximum promotion.
2. A retail store deals primarily with sales in __________ retailing.
(a) volume.
(b) location.
(c) places.
(d) value.
Ans: value.
3. The term wholesale’ means the selling of goods for business use or for __________ purpose.
(a) sale.
(b) resale.
(c) post sale.
(d) None of the above.
Ans: None of the above.
C. State whether the following are True or False.
1. The term ‘retailing’ refers to a business deal in which the seller sells in large quantities as per the need of the customer.
Ans: True.
2. This activity of the retailer does not create value addition or utility for customers.
Ans: False.
3. Wholesalers resell merchandise to retailers and not to the consumers.
Ans: True.
4. Information in the form of feedback can greatly contribute to product improvement by consumer.
Ans: True.
5. A wholesaler acts as a link between the manufacturer or producer, and the retailer.
Ans: True.
D. Short Answer Questions:
1. What do you understand by the term ‘Retail’?
Ans: Retail is the sale of goods or services from a business to a consumer for their own use. A retail transaction handles small quantities of goods whereas wholesale deals with the purchasing of goods on a large scale.
2. Which activities of the retailer creates value addition or utility to the customers?
Ans: The retailer provides the products and services that the customer needs, in the required quantity, at the right place and time.
E. Long Answer Questions:
1. What are the essential requirements of a retailer?
Ans: Essential requirements of a retailers:
(i) establish the shop in a place where customers are attracted.
(ii) stock the goods which are needed by the customers.
(iii) competitive in price and quality of goods to be sold.
(iv) financially sound.
(v) be cautious of over-stocking or under-stocking of goods.
(vi) be up-to-date with trends in the market and its position.
(vii) ensure window display and counter display to
(viii) promote sales.
(ix) always be accessible to the customers.
2. List down the retailer’s services to the customer.
Ans: Retailers Services to the customers:
(i) Selling of goods in little quantities as per their need, at reasonable prices.
(ii) Meeting the consumer demand and making available the required stock.
(iii) Providing the consumer-necessary information for buying goods.
(iv) Guiding replacement conditions for the damages.
(v) Displaying and demonstrating goods to attract the customers.
(vi) Offering credit facility to the regular and reliable customers.
F. Check your Performance:
1. Prepare a chart on the basic functions of a retailer.
Ans:
| Basic functions of retailer |
| (i) Breaking bulk into smaller quantities: To reduce the cost of long distance transportation, producers ship the goods in large quantities; the middlemen, including the retailers, open these large packages and make the product available in much smaller quantities to the consumers, as per the needs. |
| (ii) Providing product and service information to customers: The retailer or salesperson is an important source of information, especially about the features and working of the different brands available. The salesperson has knowledge about the product being sold. |
| (iii) Providing customer services. Retailers provide various services to their customers. These may include-free home delivery, gift wrapping, credit facility and after-sales services. |
| (iv) Creating a convenient, comfortable and pleasant shopping experience for consumers: The aim of the retailer is to provide products required by the consumer, conveniently. This creates place utility. Also, the number of customers increases when the environment inside the retail stores is friendly and pleasant. |
| (v) Providing feedback to producers about customer needs: With their first hand interaction with the customers, retailers have a good understanding of the customers’ needs. This information, in the form of feedback can greatly contribute to product improvement by producers. |
2. How would you collect information from a kirana shop?
Ans: Kirana Data can be collected through various methods.
They are:
(i) including point-of-sale (POS) systems that track sales and inventory.
(ii) loyalty programs that capture customer information.
(iii) surveys and questionnaires to gather customer feedback.
(iv) market research studies.
(v) partnerships with data providers.
3. Demonstrate the essential requirements of a retailer.
Ans: Essential requirements of retailers:
(i) establish the shop in a place where customers are attracted.
(ii) stock the goods which are needed by the customers.
(iii) competitive in price and quality of goods to be sold.
(iv) financially sound.
(v) be cautious of over-stocking or under-stocking of goods.
(vi) be up-to-date with trends in the market and its position.
(vi) ensure window display and counter display to promote sales.
(vii) always be accessible to the customers.
4. Identify the services offered by a retailer to the customers.
Ans: The services offered by a retailer to the customers.
They are-
(i) Selling of goods in little quantities as per their need, at reasonable prices.
(ii) Meeting the consumer demand and make available the required stock.
(iii) Providing the consumer-necessary information for buying goods.
(iv) Guiding replacement conditions for the damages.
(v) Displaying and demonstrating goods to attract the customers.
(vi) Offering credit facility to the regular and reliable customers.
(vii) At this point, it is necessary to understand the term
| SESSION 2: ORGANISED AND UNORGANISED RETAILING |
A. Fill in the Blanks:
1. Unorganised retail is characterised by ___________.
Ans: Retail.
2. The Paanwala or kirana shop comes under __________ retailing.
Ans: Unorganised.
3. Large numbers of brands are provided in ___________retail outlets.
Ans: Organised.
4. All items are __________ under one roof in organised retailing.
Ans: Indian.
B. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. Under organised retailing, the most common feature is
(a) number of brands and products are large.
(b) purchases are on credit basis.
(c) few employees exist.
(d) All (a), (b) and (c)
Ans: All (a), (b) and (c)
2. Unorganised retail is mostly confined to a.
(a) particular locality.
(b) different branches.
(c) chain of stores.
(d) None of the above.
Ans: Particular locality.
3. The capital requirement is high in
(a) unorganised retail.
(b) organised retail.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of the above.
Ans: (d) None of the above.
4. The unorganised retail units operate on the basis of.
(a) partnership.
(b) sole-trader.
(c) chain stores.
(d) All of the above.
Ans: (b) sole-trader.
C. Short Answer Questions:
1. Which type of retail deals with multiple retail formats?
Ans: Organised retailing has remarkable benefits for consumers and has potential for employment generation and overall growth of the country’s GDP. In organised retailing, all the items are kept under a single roof and a large number of brands and variety of products are also available in one place. Organised retail deals with multiple retail formats, which is typically a multi-owner chain of stores run by a professional management group.
2. Comfort, style and speed, how have these changed the business?
Ans: comfort, style and speed It offers the customer more variety, convenience and comfort, along with retailing. and have driven businesses to innovate in product design and functionality, particularly in transportation, fashion, and consumer goods industries, meeting the evolving demands of consumers for luxurious, stylish, and efficient products.
D. Long Answer Questions:
1. Which reform in the retail sector has led to the beginning of an organised sector?
Ans: One significant reform that has led to the beginning of an organised retail sector in many countries is the liberalisation of foreign direct investment policies. When governments open up their economies to allow foreign retailers to establish operations, it often results in the entry of large, organised retail chains. These chains bring with them modern retail practices, standardised operations, better infrastructure, and investment in technology, which collectively contribute to the development of an organised retail sector. For example, in India, the liberalisation of FDI policies in the retail sector allowed multinational retail giants like Walmart and Tesco to enter the market. Their entry not only brought significant investments but also helped in modernising the supply chain, improving infrastructure, and creating more organised retail spaces. Similarly, in other countries around the world, similar reforms that enable foreign investment or relax regulations on retail operations have contributed to the growth of organised retail sectors. These reforms often lead to increased competition, efficiency gains, and better consumer experiences in the retail industry.
E. Check your Performance:
1. Role-play to demonstrate the activities and procedure of organised and unorganised retail outlet.
Ans: Unorganised retailing is run as a small family business like kirana stores.
Unorganised retailing includes retail units which are not registered by any legal or statute body and which are not maintaining accounts on a regular basis. The unorganised sector is small in size and mostly scattered. It has no fixed place for operations. The unorganised sector includes traditional units like haats, mandis, melas or kiranas and paanwalas, others, such as fruit sellers, vegetable sellers, cobbler, etc.
In organised retailing, all the items are kept under a single roof and a large number of brands and variety of products are also available in one place. Organised retail deals with multiple retail formats, which is typically a multi-owner chain of stores run by a professional management group.
| SESSION 3: STORE AND NON-STORE RETAILING |
A. Fill in the Blanks:
1. When a significant number of outlets are operated by a single owner, it is called a ___________.
Ans: Retailing.
2. A franchise is a contract between and the __________ store.
Ans: Indipendent.
3. Hypermarket is a combination of _________ and __________ store.
Ans: Chain, Franchise.
4. __________ offers minimum services and operates on cash and carry basis.
Ans: Customers.
5. In a ___________, profit or loss is calculated on the entire stock.
Ans: Telemarketing.
B. Multiple Choice Questions:
1. The independent retailer operates his business with.
(a) partners.
(b) professionals.
(c) few locals/ family members.
(d) None of the above.
Ans: None of the above.
2. Corporate retail chain is also called.
(a) franchise.
(b) chain retailer.
(c) independent retailer.
(d) None of the above.
Ans: chain retailer.
3. Specialty stores have very clearly defined.
(a) producers.
(b) competitors.
(c) target market.
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Ans: (d) Both (a) and (b)
C. State whether the following are True or False.
1. A store specialising in a particular type of merchandise is termed as a departmental store.
Ans: False.
2. When the goods and services are sold from a physical place or store, it is called store retailing.
Ans: True.
3. Retailers who usually specialise in hard goods are known as catalogue retailers.
Ans: True.
4. Communicating with the customers through the telephone comes under E-shopping.
Ans: False.
5. Purchasing goods through websites using the Internet is a part of E-shopping.
Ans: True.
D. Short Answer Questions:
1. Who is an independent retailer?
Ans: Independent retailer A person who owns and operates with family members or assistants. He/she has direct contact with the customers. For example, the local baniya/ kirana store owner and the paanwala. He/she decides the retail strategy depending on the store location and product mix.
2. What is franchising?
Ans: A franchise is a legal contract between a company (franchiser) and the store owner (franchisee), which allows the store owner to conduct business under an established name. For example, McDonald’s, Pizza Hut, Van Heusen, etc.
3. What is a supermarket?
Ans: Supermarkets are large retailing stores selling a huge variety of consumer products, mostly food, items of household use and grocery with a low marginal gain. It operates on a self-service style, but has a high turnover. It offers minimum services and operates on the cash and carry basis.
4. What is a departmental store?
Ans: Departmental stores are those stores offering a variety of goods under a single roof, located in central places or a busy locality. It requires capital to maintain different departments and a huge stock of goods. The profit or loss is calculated on the entire stock. It is a combination of decentralised buying and centralised selling. They establish restaurants inside these stores and also provide home delivery services.
5. What is television shopping?
Ans: Television shopping: In this kind of retailing, the product is promoted on television with the product features. price, and guarantee or warranty.Phone numbers are provided for different cities where the products can be ordered from, and home delivered. For example, Telebrands, a programme which usually presents fitness and health products.
E. Long Answer Questions:
1. How do you classify store retailing?
Ans: Retailing can be classified as store and non-store retailing. When the goods and services are sold from a physical place or store, it is called store retailing. The basis of classification of store retailing is ownership and merchandise offered.When the goods and services are sold without a physical place or store, it is called non-store retailing. Non-store retailing adopts a direct relationship with the consumer. The classification of non-store retailing is direct personal contact and direct response marketing. When the goods and services are sold from a physical place or store, it is called store retailing. The basis of classification of store retailing is ownership and merchandise offered.
2. Departmental stores are a combination of decentralised buying and centralised selling. Explain in detail.
Ans: 1. Decentralised Buying: Department stores often have multiple departments, each specialising in specific product categories like clothing, electronics, home goods, cosmetics, etc. Each department typically operates semi-autonomously, with its own team of buyers responsible for selecting merchandise. Decentralised buying allows each department to tailor its inventory to the preferences and demands of its target customers. For example, the fashion department may focus on trendy clothing brands, while the electronics department stocks the latest gadgets. Buyers in each department have the flexibility to negotiate prices, terms, and quantities directly with suppliers, based on their department’s needs and market trends.This decentralised approach enables department stores to stay agile and responsive to changes in consumer preferences, seasonal variations, and local market conditions.
2. Centralised Selling: Despite the decentralised buying process, department stores operate under a centralised selling strategy. All departments within the store are integrated into a unified retail space, sharing common infrastructure such as checkout counters, customer service desks, and marketing initiatives. Customers can browse and purchase products from various departments within the same physical location, offering convenience and variety under one roof. The centralised selling approach enhances the overall shopping experience by providing a seamless and cohesive environment for customers to explore diverse merchandise categories. Additionally, centralised selling allows department stores to leverage economies of scale in areas such as advertising, staffing, and technology investments, thereby improving cost efficiency and profitability. By combining decentralised buying with centralised selling, department stores can achieve a balance between localised product selection and centralised operational efficiency. This hybrid model enables them to adapt to changing market dynamics, optimise inventory management, and deliver a compelling shopping experience to customers.
F. Check your Performance:
1. Demonstrate the store selling procedure.
Ans: The store selling procedure are-
(i) Greet the customer warmly as they enter the store.
(ii) Ask if they need any assistance or if they’re looking for anything specific.
(iii) Guide them to the relevant sections of the store based on their needs.
(iv) Answer any questions they may have about products.
(v) Offer suggestions or recommendations based on their preferences.
(vi) Assist with the checkout process, ensuring a smooth transaction.
(vii) Thank the customer for their patronage and invite them to visit again.
2. Demonstrate the non-store retailing procedure.
Ans: Industries in the Nonstore Retailers subsector retail merchandise using methods, such as the broadcasting of infomercials, the broadcasting and publishing of direct-response advertising, the publishing of paper and electronic catalogs, door-to-door solicitation, in-home demonstration, selling from portable stalls.
| SESSION 4: INDIAN AND GLOBAL RETAILERS |
A. Fill in the Blanks:
1.____________ is the largest growing retail store and revenue generator.
Ans: Reliance.
2. Shoppers stop ___________ is a retail company.
Ans: Indian.
B. Short Answer Questions:
1. Differentiate between Indian and global retailers.
Ans:Indian retailers typically operate within a more fragmented market characterised by diverse consumer preferences, complex regulatory environments, and varying levels of infrastructure and logistics development. Global retailers, on the other hand, typically have access to greater financial resources, advanced technology, and established supply chain networks.
2. List out the major players among Indian retailers.
Ans: The major players among Indian retailers-
Aditya Birla Fashion retail, Future retail, Reliance retail, shoppers stop, Trent limited, V-Mart retail, Tata Trent, RPG group.
3. Name the top five global retailers.
Ans: The top five global retailers-
(i) Reliance Retail.
(i) Trent Limited.
(iii) Aditya Birla Fashion and retail.
(iv) Shoppers stop.
(v) V-Mart retail.
C. Check Your Performance:
1. Write the names of five Indian retail stores.
Ans: The names of five Indian retail stores are-
(i) Reliance Retail.
(ii) Future Group.
(iii) Tata Trent.
(iv) Aditya Birla Retail.
(v) Spencer’s Retail.
2. Write the names of five global retail stores.
Ans: The names of five global retail stores are-
(i) Walmart.
(ii) Amazon.
(iii) Costco Wholesale Corporation.
(iv) Carrefour.
(v) Tesco.
