Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Reproductive Health The answer to each chapter is provided in the list so that you can easily browse through different chapters Assam Board HS 2nd Year Biology Chapter 4 Reproductive Health Question Answer.
Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Reproductive Health
Also, you can read the SCERT book online in these sections Solutions by Expert Teachers as per SCERT (CBSE) Book guidelines. These solutions are part of SCERT All Subject Solutions. Here we have given Assam Board Class 12 Biology Chapter 4 Reproductive Health Solutions for All Subjects, You can practice these here.
Reproductive Health
Chapter – 4
REPRODUCTIONS
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Q.1. _____ is the upper limit up to which environment can sustain population.
Ans : Carrying capacity.
Q.2. Rapid increase in human population is called ____
Ans : Population explosion.
Q.3. Vasectomy is the surgical removal of______
Ans : Vas deferens.
Q.4. Viability period of human ovum is ___
Ans : 72 hours.
Q.5. A darkly stained body present in the somatic cells of human female but absent from those of human male is ____
Ans : A coloured gene.
Q.6. ____ involves the transfer of embryo at 8 called stage in the Fallopian tube of female.
Ans : Zygote intra fallopian transfer.
Q.7. ___ is an illegal method of foetal sex determination based on chromosomal study of the amniotic fulid.
Ans : Amniocentesis.
(B). True or False (one mark each):
Q.1. Test Tube baby technique involves artificial insemination.
Ans : False.
Q.2. In India, medical termination of pregnancy (abortion) was legalized in 1971.
Ans : False.
Q.3. Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people.
Ans : True.
Q.4. All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable.
Ans : False.
Q.5. Test tube baby programme is a type of in vitro fertilization.
Ans : True.
(C). Very Short Answer Questions :
Q.1. Name a prenatal technique to diagnose genetic defects in a fetus.
Ans : Pedigree analysis.
Q.2. In which year Family Planning programme in India was initiated?
Ans : 1951.
Q.3. Give the WHO’s definition of reproductive health.
Ans : According to the World Health Organisation (WHO) reproductive health means a total well being in all aspects of reproduction, i.e. physical, emotional, behavioural and social.
Q.4. Give the full form of IUD.
Ans : Intra Uterine Device.
Q.5. What substances are present in birth control pills?
Ans : Birth control pills contains very small amount of either progesteron 5. or progesterone on estrogen combination.
Q.6. What is tubectomy?
Ans : This is a surgical method also known as sterilisation, a method to prevent pregnancy where a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through vagina.
Q.7. Give two primary reasons for increase in human population.
Ans : The two primary reason for increasing in human population are :
(i) Increased health facilities along with better health condition.
(ii) Increase in number of people in reproducible age.
Q.8. Give full form of MTP.
Ans : Medical Termination of pregnancy. List one drawback of surgical methods of birth control.
Ans : One drawback of surgical methods of birth control is that in this process there is no chance to get pregnant as it is a terminate method.
(D) Short Answer Questions (Two Mark Each):
Q.1. Define population explosion.
Ans : The rapid increase in the growth rate of population is known as population explosion.
Q.2. State the major objectives of Reproductive and Child Health Care programme.
Ans : The major objective of Reproductive and Child Health Care Programme is creating awareness among people about various reproduction related aspects and providing facilities and support for building up a reproductively healthy society.
Q.3. Why has amniocentesis been banned?
Ans : Amniocentesis has been banned because it is a foetal sex determination test to legally check increasing female foeticides.
Q.4. What do you mean by reproductive health?
Ans : Reproductive health simply refers to healthy reproductive organs with normal functions. It also includes the emotional and social aspects of reproduction also.
According to the World Health Organisation, reproductive health means a total well-being in all aspects of reproduction i.e. Physical, emotional behavioural and social.
Q.5. How does Cu-T act as an effective contraceptive for human female?
Ans : This is an effective and popular method of Intra Uterine Device. These IUDs are inserted in the uterus through vagina. The copper releasing IUD CUD-T increase phagocytosis of sperms within the uterus and the Cu-ion released suppress sperm motility and the fertilizing capacity of the sperms.
Q.6. Name the hormonal composition of the oral contraceptive used by human females. Explain how does it act as a contraceptive.
Ans : Oral contraceptives used by human female contain small doses of either progestogen or progestogen-estrogen combination.
The hormones used in these contraceptives inhibit ovulation and implantation as well as alter the quality of cervical mucus to prevent or retard entry of sperms.
Q.7. Write a note on MTP.
Ans : Intentional or voluntary termination of pregnancy before full term is called medical termination of pregnancy or induced abortion. Nearly 45 to 50 million MTPS are performed in a year all over the world MTP has a significant role in decreasing the population through it is not meant for that purpose Government of India legalised MTP in 1971 with some strict conditions to avoid its misuse like indiscriminate and illegal female foeticides.
Q.8. Describe the chemical method of birth control.
Ans : The chemical method of birth control in the hormone releasing IUDS like progestasert, LNG-20. There IDUS make the uterus unsuitable for implantation and the cervix hostile to the sperms.
Q.9. Differentiate tubectomy and Vasectomy.
Ans :
| Tubectomy | Vasectomy | ||
| (i) | This is the surgical method of sterilization in females. | (i) | This is the surgical method of sterilization in males. |
| (ii) | Here a small part of the fallopian tube is removed or tied up through a small incision in the abdomen or through vagina. | (ii) | Here a small part of the vas deferens is removed or tied up through a small incision on the scrotum. |
Q.10. What is meant by natural methods of birth control?
Ans : Natural method of birth control involves periodic abstinence. This method depends on the principle of avoiding chances of ovum and sperms meeting. Here the couples avoid or abstain from coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle when ovulation could be expected as chances of fertilization are very high during this period i.e. fertile period. Therefore, by abstaining from coitus during this period, conception could be prevented. Besides this withdrawal or coitus interruption is another method where the male partner withdraws his penis just before ejaculation from the vagina.
Q.11. What is implants? How do they help in preventing fertilization?
Ans : Implant is using of progesterone alone or in combination with estrogen by the female under the skin.
The mode of action of the implants are some with that of pills and their effective periods are much longer. Administration of progestogen or progestogen-estrogen combination within 72 hours of coitus have been found to be very effective as emergency contraceptive as they could be used to avoid possible pregnency due to rape of casual unprotected intercourse.
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